定语状语专项训练.docVIP

定语专项训练定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的，主要由形容词担任。此外，名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。一 形容词作定语： He gave his children a vivid description of the battle.The man fell in love with that charming girl at first sight.二 数词作定语：He failed ninety-nine times before he succeeded in doing the experiment.Our office is on the 12th floor of that building.三 代词作定语： His parents tried in every way to satisfy his needs.Electricity has changed our lives enormously.四 介词短语作定语： Would you like to help the lady with a baby in her arm?Now many people in the city admire the life of people in the country.1. His separation made him sad. 他离开了自己的家人很伤心。 五名词或名词所有格作定语： They are going to send a trade delegation to China.Ill stay at my grannys home during the vacation. 2. The in the movie sounds wonderful. 这个电影里的背景音乐很好听。六 副词作定语： On my way home, I continued angry with him. 在回家的路上，我继续生他的气。 The buildings around were badly damaged.七不定式作定语： Perhaps in years to come we shall meet again. 或许在未来岁月中我们还会相见。 They were the first to bear hardships, the last to enjoy comforts. 他们吃苦在前，享乐在后。常见的能跟不定式作定语的名词有：ability, attempt, chance, courage, determination, decision, eagerness, effort, failure, opportunity, plan, promise, struggle, wish.I dont have the courage to tell you.You have no right to do such a thing!3. He is not a man . 他不是向困难低头的人。4. Do you know anything about the conference . 你对后天要召开的会议有什么了解吗?5. His decision was applauded by his colleagues. 他继续进行这个项目的决定受到同事的赞成。八 分词作定语： To our great joy, not long after this trying part, we reached a running stream.When we saw the valley, we thought we had reached the promised land!I have a book containing all the information you need.6. What do you think of the proposal ? 他们提出的建议你觉得如何？7. People may sign up here.想去参观长城的人可以在这里签名。九 从句作定语：The film is about a spy whose wife betrays him. 电影讲的是一个被他妻子出卖的间谍。A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.8. There are a number of factors .有很多因素我们需要考虑。9. I have come to explain the reason . 我来此是为了解释我昨天会议缺席的原因。10. The friend was a good singer. 跟我一道旅行的那位朋友歌唱得很好。注意：a. 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；b. 当先行词前有the only, the very, the last等词修饰时；c. 当先行词为anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much等不定代词修饰时；d. 当先行词前有all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时；e. 当先行词同时含有“人”和“非人”时引导词只用which，不用that。e.g. This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.The first step (that) we are to take is very difficult.11. He talked about the people and the books . 他谈论了吸引他的那些人和书。12. Thats the seventeenth beer . 那可是你今天晚上喝的第十七杯啤酒了。十. 同位语从句有很多名词后可以跟that引导的从句，说明其内容。后面常接同位语从句的名词有：belief, conclusion, evidence, fact, feeling, impression, idea, message, news, opinion, proof, possibility, thought, etc.He referred to Copernicus(哥白尼) statement that the earth moves round the sun.I got the impression that you were unhappy. 我有印象你不太愉快。Tears filled her eyes at the thought that she might never see him again.13. Ive come to the conclusion . 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语后置1短语（含介词短语，分词短语）作定语一般后置It was a conference fruitful of results. 那是一个硕果累累的会议。He gave me a basket full of eggs. 他给我一个装满鸡蛋的篮子。14. English is a language . 英语是一门容易学但是难精通的语言。15. The girl was expelled. 对这个项目负责的姑娘被开除了。2修饰some，any，no，every 等词构成的不定代词的定语都后置There is nothing important in todays newspaper. 今天报纸上没有什么重要的东西。Theres something new in todays newspaper. 今天的报纸上有些新内容。3副词，不定式, 从句作定语一般后置 （参照六，七，九）Multiple choices1. Today the public is much concerned about the way _. A. nature is being ruined B. which nature is ruinedC. on which to ruin nature D. of nature to be ruined2. I still remember the day she first wore that green dress. A. which B. that C. on that D. on which3. They rely on themselves, . A. which is much better B. that is much better C. what is much better D. it is much better4. He made another wonderful discovery, of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it isC. which I think it D. I think that is5. This is the least interesting book _.A. which I have ever read B. what I have ever readC. I have ever read D. which I have ever read 6. China is a _country, while the United States is a _ country. A. developing developed B. developed developingC. developing developing D. developed developed7. The man to you by me yesterday had just returned from Japan. A. introducing B. introduce C. introduced D. to introduce8. The old lady is my aunt. A. waving to us B. waved to us C. who wave to us D. who waving to us9. He had lost his interest . A. in politics B. of politics C. from politics D. to politics10. I opened a _at a nearby bank. A. savings account B. saving account C. savings account D savings accounts 状语专项训练请同学们认真阅读后做蓝体字的十五道翻译题和十道选择题英语中，修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial)。状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。一、副词作状语副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。（1）地点（方位）副词和方式副词 I remember having seen him somewhere. She didnt explain her theory clearly.（2）时间副词 I was very busy yesterday. They recently had an accident. We have had no news from her yet.（3）频度副词 You must always bear this in mind. She is seldom ill.（4）程度副词 He speaks English very well. I dont quite agree with you. He didnt work hard enough.二、不定式在句中作状语（1）表示目的 To test his idea, they recruited 276 healthy volunteers raging in age from 18 to 55. If you have a sedentary job, you really need to exercise to maintain your bones.（2）表示原因 The students were wild with joy to hear of your success. She burst into tears to hear the news.（3）表示结果 He went to the small island only to do nothing. The old man came back from abroad to find that his hometown had greatly changed.1. He ran so fast _ . （他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。）2. _ when I passed by. （我走过的时候，她假装没看见。）3. He is too excited _. (他太激动了，说不出话来。)三、介词短语（1）介词短语作状语，用来修饰动词。We live quite near my office.（地点）Who knows what will happen in the future? （时间）The sewing machine is worked by foot.（方式）Were waiting for them to arrive for lunch.（目的）He worked himself to death.（结果）He is so useful to me that I cant do without him.（条件）With all your faults, I still like you.（让步）He lay on his bed with the sunlight falling on his face.（伴随状语）I dont believe in dream.（范畴）What country do you come from?（来源）（2）介词短语作状语，用来修饰形容词。He was not conscious of my presence in the room.I am not interested in doing business with that firm.（3）介词短语作状语，修饰副词（比较少用）。John is now somewhere on the high seas, and we wish him a pleasant holiday.Do you live here in Middle Town, Mr. John?（4）介词短语作状语，修饰整个句子。On the whole, Jack has been a good friend. 4. The game was postponed _ . (因为下雨运动会被推迟了。)5. He ran _ . (他跑去避雨。)6. _ would you trust them? (你对他们信任程度如何？)四、分词作状语分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，理由，条件，让步，连续等，相当于一个状语从句。（1）表示时间、地点 When (it is) completed, the canal will connect the river with the lake. The graduates say they will go wherever (they are) needed.（2）表示原因 Fearing that the police would recognize him he never went out in daylight. Scolded by the teacher, the girl felt unfair.（3）表示条件 (If they are) Coated with sugar, bananas will taste better. (If I had been) Given more time, I would have done much better.（4）表示让步 Even if (I were) invited, I wouldnt go. Though (they were) defeated again and again, they went on fighting.（5）表示伴随 He ran out of the room shouting. He stared at me, (he was) astonished.注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。7. _ , I can also work out this problem. (再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。)8. _, the book looks old. (由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。)9. _, I find it useful. (在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。)五、从句作状语（状语从句）状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。（1）时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.No sooner had I arrived home, than it began to rain.（2）地点状语从句常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard.（3）原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, for 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.（4）目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice for the purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. （5）结果状语从句常用引导词：so that, such that特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree thatHe got up so early that he caught the first bus. Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.（6）条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless, 特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWell start our project if the president agrees. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.（7）让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though 特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. 尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。 The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.（8）比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as ，so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as B She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours.（9）方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, how 特殊引导词：the way When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss.10. I will call you . (一到那里我就会给你打电话。)11. , the air is cooler. (因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。)12. Say it louder . (大声说，以便大家都能听到你。)13. Hes . (他是这样好的人，我们不能怪他。)14. , he always thinks Im wrong. (无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。)15. He looks . (他那样子就像被雷击了似的。-与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气)Multiple