《幕墙英语课堂基础》doc版.docVIP

Lesson One-Introduction of Curtain Wall Introduction (技术简介)Once we mention curtain wall, we will think of those transparent glass buildings in big cities. It even has become the proof of companies strength, the symbol of a city, the reflection of human advancement and the mark of the times. Curtain wall industry has begun since 1978, and after twenty years development, China has become the largest curtain wall producing and using country. In order to understand curtain wall, we should first know some basic knowledge about the Wall. In a building there are many walls that can be divided into main walls and non-main walls that include partitions, complementary walls and curtain walls. The partitions are used for comparting the internal space of a room, and their weight is burdened by the floor or by the beam. Those walls filled between columns of the building are called complementary walls, and those hung among or in the surface of the outer-framework of the building are called curtain wall. II Conversation (会话)Welcome to Yuan Da exhibition hall. It is my honor to introduce our products to you. After my introduction, you can look around in the hall. If you have any questions, please dont hesitate to ask me.Mmanufacturer, CcustomerC: Im still a little bit confused about curtain wall, would you please tell me something more about it?M: Yes! Curtain wall is made up of supporting structure and panel, which is moveable from the main structure and can share load and effects applied upon the building. It is an envelope or decoration for the building. C: Compared with the traditional wall made of bricks and concrete, what features does curtain wall have?M: 1. Curtain wall has an integrated structure system, which receives the load directly imposed on and then delivers it to the main structure;2. Curtain wall should cover the main structure of the building;3. Usually the curtain wall connected with the main structure is movable when the main structure moves.C: What are the differences between outer decorative panel and curtain wall, and what about window?M: Generally speaking, the outer decorative panel is opaque panel. So its force bearing and function are different from curtain wall. For windows, telling from the structure, curtain wall is a consecutive outer protection system, which hangs on the main structure. While window is a disconnected outer protection system that lay in the main structure. Judged from the contradictive words: hang and lay, on and in main structure, consecutive and disconnected, the differences between them are obvious.C: Do curtain wall and skylight belong to the same category?M: No, they are not. Its very simple for you to distinguish them. If inner angle between the panel and horizon is less than 75 degree, it is skylight; otherwise, its curtain wall.C: It seems that there are many kinds of curtain walls. Can you give me a brief introduction about them?M: According to different materials: glass curtain wall, metal board curtain wall, stone curtain wall, composite curtain wall.According to different structures: exposed frame curtain wall, hidden frame curtain wall, semi-hidden frame curtain wall.According to different structure: stick curtain wall, unitized curtain wall, semi-unitized curtain wall.C: What are the glass strips vertically sticking to the glass wall used for? M: They are “Glass Ribs”. As the size of the glass used in curtain wall is too big, it will bear too much force of wind that may cause deformation of the glass. Ribs could prevent this.C: When connecting curtain wall with main structure, what should we pay attention to?M: When the mullion of the curtain wall is made of aluminum alloy, the different deformation will take place between aluminum alloy and steel because of their different thermal expansion coefficients and they will bring about the temperature stress between aluminum alloy mullion and steel truss. So we must bring the influence of the temperature stress into consideration. A good method is making the connection movable in order to lessen the temperature stress.C: Are the load and the effect applied upon curtain wall the same conception?M: No, they are not. The effects mean all the causes that can influence the structure. They include the accumulated force and the distributed force applied upon the structure, and the causes of composing the applied structural deformation or constraint deformation. The former one is force accumulated on the structure, which is commonly called load. However, the effects also include the change of temperature, the shrink of the materials, the deformation of function and the earthquake, but they dont belong to the load.C: what should we pay attention to prevent the damage from the load and effect from the environment?M: 1. we should ensure the panel having enough load-supporting force;2. we should ensure the connective components with enough load-supporting force;3. we should install the panel and choose the connective and supporting methods reasonably.C: What should be brought into consideration when choosing materials for curtain wall?M: You should consider the requirement, loading character, the specialty of surrounding environment and the distribution of stress on curtain wall. The materials should ensure not only coping with the environment but also saving money and lessening the cost of manufacturing. By the way,you need to be aware of bimetallic corrosion.C: How to prevent bimetallic corrosion?M: Its simple. One reliable method is to put nylon washers between two different kinds of metals to separate them.C: There are various curtain walls, so which kind of them is more economical relatively?M: When choosing curtain walls, at first you should consider the price of curtain wall, the cost of air conditioners and their operation fees, and then make a suitable choice. You cant choose by only considering the price. Although some kinds of curtain wall are fairly cheap, they need additional air conditioners to regulate the environment, so the total price will be soaring up and much higher than the price difference between the high performance and the low performance curtain walls.C:What shall we do before the installation of curtain wall?M: Before the installation, the main structure has to be finished and met the standards of relevant requirements. The construction site should be cleaned. The pre-embeds should be installed and make sure there positions are precise. (Other details see appendix)C: Ive heard that your company has taken part in the construction of the “Water Cube”in Beijing, please give me some information about it?M: No problem. What we use in the project is foil. It is of ETFE,which is a kind of new building material. It is very popular around the world.C: Thanks for your introduction.M: Its my pleasure. Id like to hear good news from you. Terminology (专业术语)161. main wall: 主墙/承重墙2. partition: 隔墙3. complementary wall: 填充墙 4. beam: 梁5. supporting structure: 支撑结构6.concrete: 混凝土7. integrated: 使完整8. skylight: 采光顶 9. horizontal: 水平的10. exposed: 外露的11. hidden: 隐藏的12. stick curtain wall: 框架幕墙13. unitized: 单元的14. rib: 肋15. mullion: 竖框16. aluminium alloy: 铝合金17. thermal expansion coefficient: 热膨胀系数18. deformation: 变形19. temperature stress: 温度应力20. steel truss: 钢桁架21. load: 荷载22. effect: 作用23. nylon washer: 尼龙垫片24. performance: 性能25. foil: 膜IV Phrase and Expression (短语及习惯用语)1. think of: 想起2. divide into: 分割3. look around: 四处看看4. a little bit: 一点5. compare with: 与相比6. be different from: 与不同7. bring into consideration:在考虑范围之内8. in order to: 目的是9. cope with: 处理10. by the way: 顺便说一下11. soar up: 猛增12. take part in: 参与Appendix The organization drawingItemContent1.principle1. Project name2. Aim of the drawing3. Communication method on design revision2.general item1. Project status2. Curtain wall status3.tansportation1. The route, distance and time of transportation2. The transportation requirement of the components and materials3. The vehicle type and quantity 4 moving in the construction site1. Work deadline and work time everyday2. The unload devices and piling site3. Problems that worth caring at work5 acceptable deviation in installation1. The installation of main structure2. The anchors position deviation3. The components installation deviation6 installation1. The installing duration and order 2. The installing machines and instruments3. The lift and scaffold 4. The bracket and pre-embed connection5. The column and transoms installation and their adjustment6. The welding and anti-corrosion method7. The panel installation 8. The mineral cotton and thermal cotton installation9. The thunder-avoiding system installation 7 filling joint1. The sequence of filling weather-tight sealant2. Material and construction method 3. The protection of aluminium frame and glass8 safety 1. General safe rule2. Safe lifting and unloading method3. Prevent dropping things4. The usage of safety beltV Translation (汉语译文)技术简介提起幕墙,人们总能想到大都市中晶莹剔透的玻璃建筑他甚至成为公司企业实力的证据城市的标志性建筑人类进步的体现和这个时代的标志我国建筑幕墙工业从1978年开始起步,历经二十多年的发展,已经成为世界第一幕墙生产大国和使用大国要想了解幕墙,首先要了解墙体方面的基本知识墙体按照结构受力情况不同,有承重墙非承重墙之分非承重墙包括隔墙填充墙和幕墙凡分隔内部空间其重量由楼板或梁承受的墙称为隔墙框架结构中填充在柱子之间的墙称作框架填充墙而主要悬挂于外部骨架间的轻质墙称为幕墙会话欢迎来到远大公司的展厅非常荣幸能为您介绍我们公司的产品,之后您可以在展厅里随便看看,如果有什么问题可以来问我客 户:我对幕墙的概念仍然有些模糊,请问可不可以为我做一下解释?制造商:好的,幕墙由支撑结构和面板组成,它相对于主体结构有一定的位移能力,能够分担主体结构所受的作用,它属于建筑外维护结构或装饰性结构客 户:与传统的砖或混凝土制成的墙体相比,幕墙有什么特点呢?制造商:它具有以下三个特点:1. 建筑幕墙是完整的结构体系,直接承受施加于其上的荷载和作用,并传递到主体结构上;2. 建筑幕墙应包封主体结构;3. 建筑幕墙通常与主体结构采用可动连接,竖向幕墙通常悬挂在主体结构上当主体结构位移时,幕墙相对于主体结构可以活动客 户:外墙装饰和窗户与幕墙有哪些本质上的区别呢?制造商:总的说来,装饰墙板一般是非通透非采光的,其受力状态和功能要求也是和通常所指幕墙大不相同的谈到窗,从结构上讲,幕墙是悬挂在主体结构之外的连续的外围护系统,而窗则是支座在主体结构之内的间断的外围护系统;从悬挂与支座主体结构之外和之内连续和间断这三点上来说,窗和幕墙之间的区别是明显的客 户:幕墙和采光顶属于同一个类别的产品吗?制造商:不属于同一个范畴面板与水平夹角小于75度就是采光顶,否则为幕墙客 户:看来幕墙的种类很多,能不能简单介绍一下它们的种类?制造商:按照材料可分为:玻璃幕墙金属板幕墙石材幕墙组合幕墙等 按照构造可分为:明框幕墙隐框幕墙半隐框幕墙 按照结构:框架式单元式半单元式客 户:这些垂直支撑着玻璃墙的玻璃条有什么用处?制造商:它叫做“玻璃肋”安装玻璃肋的玻璃幕墙通常都是玻璃面板过大,因此会承受很大的风压,因此容易引发玻璃变形,但是安装玻璃肋之后就可以防止这种危险的发生客 户:当与主体结构相连时,我们需要注意什么?制造商:不同材料具有不同的热膨胀系数,如果采用铝合金做竖框,会在铝合金竖框和钢桁架之间产生热应力,从而导致不同的变形量因此我们必须考虑热应力的影响有一个好办法可以解决这个问题,即通过可伸缩连接来降低热应力客 户:幕墙承受的荷载和作用指的是同一个概念吗?制造商:作用指的是能够使结构产生效应的各种原因的总称,包括施加在结构上的集中力和分布力,以及形成结构外加变形或约束变形的原因前一种是力在结构上的集结,就是通常说的荷载而作用还包括温度变化材料收缩地基变形和地震作用,而它们不属于荷载客 户:要防止外在的作用或荷载对幕墙的破坏我们要注意些什么呢?制造商:1.要保证面板本身具有足够的承载力 2.要保证连接件具有足够的承载力 3.合理布置面板,选用合理的连接支撑方式客 户:幕墙材料的选择通常需要考虑哪些因素呢?制造商:我们要根据幕墙的使用要求荷载作用的性质周围环境受力特性和应力分布慎重选择幕墙材料,既能安全可靠的满足使用要求,又尽量节约材料,降低造价;此外,还需要考虑双金属腐蚀客 户:那么怎样防止双金属腐蚀呢?制造商:很简单,有一个可靠的方法就是在不同金属之间加入一块尼龙垫片,使其隔开客 户:幕墙种类如此繁多,应该选用哪种产品比较经济适用呢?制造商:在选用幕墙时,应先考虑幕墙购置费用空调设备购置费用和空调运转费用,然后进行选择不能单纯从幕墙购置费用一项考虑有时虽然幕墙购置费用较低,但是因为这种幕墙性能不高,需要用暖通空调来调节环境条件,此时增加的暖通空调设备购置费用,尤其是日后长期的空调暖通运转增加的费用会几倍甚至几十倍超过高性能幕墙与低性能幕墙的差价客 户:安装之前我们须要做哪些准备工作?制造商:安装之前主体结构完整并达到相关规定要求,施工现场清理干净,预埋件已埋入且位置正确(具体施工组织流程见附表)客 户:我听说你们公司参与了北京水立方的建设,能不能提供一些这方面的信息呢?制造商:没问题我们在工程中采用的膜结构,叫做ETFE,这是一种新型的建筑材料,目前在世界范围内也相当流行客 户:感谢你的介绍制造商:不客气,希望能早日得到来自贵公司的喜讯附录施工组织设计书项目内容1.总则1. 工程名称2. 编制本设计的目的3. 设计变更时的协商办法2.一般事项1. 工程概况2. 幕墙概况3. 施工的组织机构责任和职权 3.运输1. 运输路线距离时间2. 对构件和材料运输的要求3. 车辆类型,数量 4 场内运输1. 作业期限,每天作业时间2. 卸货机具,堆放场地3. 作业中应注意的问题5 安装的允许偏差1. 主体结构的安装偏差2. 锚固件位置偏差3. 构件安装的偏差6 安装1. 安装工期与安装顺序2. 安装机具和工具3. 吊船和脚手架4. 铁码与预埋连接5. 立拄与横梁安装及位置调整6. 焊接,防锈措施7. 板材安装8. 防火棉,保温棉安装9. 防雷系统安装7 嵌缝1. 注耐候密封胶的顺序2. 材料和施工方法3. 铝框和玻璃的保护8 安全1. 一般安全规定2. 起吊,卸货安装措施3. 防止落物4. 安全带使用Lessen Two-Curtain Wall Material Introduction:(技术简介)Normally the material of curtain wall can be divided into two parts: Main material and assistant material. Main material consists of the following parts: glass, metal panel and stone, furthermore, metal panel includes aluminum composite panel, aluminum single panel, aluminum honeycomb panel, stainless steel, titanium alloy panel, stainless steel composite panel and steel panel. Assistant material includes: gasket, sealing sealant, mineral wool, foam bar and others. Conversation(会话)O-Owner , C-ContractorO: How to treat the aluminum alloy surface against corrosion, please?C: We have four ways to treat them in total.1. anodizing 2. electrophoresis painting3. powder painting4. PVDF paintingO: What is the difference among these four methods?C: That is a good question. Generally anodizing suits for aluminum extrusion and comparing with others, the cost of anodizing is the lowest one. For electrophoresis painting, actually we dont use this method very often. Powder painting and PVDF painting are normally used on outer decoration panel and the color can be of many choices. But the effect of PVDF coating is better than that of powder coating, which also means the cost of PVDF painting is higher.O: What about steel, do you have to make any treatment on the steel surface?C: Yes, indeed. There are three ways to treat the steel surface:1. galvanizing2. inorganic zinc painting3. PVDF paintingO: We had talked about aluminum and steel, as I know, now people like to use stone as curtain wall material,do they have to make any surface treatment?C: Yes, people use granite and marble for curtain wall, but there is no special treatment on the stone surface. What we have to do is the compatibility test.O: What is compatibility test?C: Compatibility test is a kind of test to make sure two different sealing materials or sealing material in touch with other material without creating any harmful physical and chemical reaction.O: Why we need to do the compatibility test?C: Because sometimes two different materials, for example, sealant and metallic panel, when they touch each other, chemical reaction is then created and the performance and function of curtain wall will be affected. In order to avoid such things, we have to do this test before.O: As you mentioned, it is the compatible problem between metal and non-metal material, then how to solve the problem between two different kinds of metal materials?C: OK, when two different kinds of metal or electric conductor touch each other, it causes electrode corrosion which is called bimetallic corrosion. To avoid this, we put nylon washer between the metal and for all the fasteners we use are stainless steel.O: Most of the questions above are about metal, now I want to know something about glass. Compared with single glass, what are the virtues of insulating glass unit?C: Certainly! The most obvious virtues is that the heat and sound insulation of IGU is better than that of single glass, but it costs more.O: I heart something named low-E glass, what is the characteristic of that?C: It can stop the heat of sunlight, meanwhile allow all the visible light, which means energy-saving.O: Sounds very nice. Recently, foil structure is getting more and more popular, could you please give us some brief information?C: Yes, there are mostly two kinds of foil for construction so far. One is ETFE, which is suitable for inflated structure. As it is transparent, we use it for faade and roof. The foil of the “Water Cube” is just ETFE. The other is PTFE, which is opaque and suitable for tension structure. O: I got it! Thank you for your explanation! C: My pleasure! Dont hesitate to get in touch with me anytime! Terminology( 专业术语 )1. metal panel: 金属板2. aluminum composite panel: 铝复合板3. aluminum single panel: 铝单板4. aluminum honeycomb panel: 铝蜂窝板5. titanium alloy panel: 钛合金金板6. stainless steel composite panel: 不锈钢复合板7. gasket: 胶条8. mineral wool: 岩棉9. foam bar: 泡沫棒10. anodizing: 阳极氧化11. electrophoresis painting: 电泳喷涂12. PVDF painting: 氟碳喷涂13. aluminum extrusion: 铝型材14. galvanizing: 热浸镀锌15. inorganic: 无机16. granite: 花岗岩17. marble: 大理石18. chemical reaction: 化学反应19. compatibility: 相容性20. electric conductor: 电子导体21. electrode corrosion: 电极腐蚀22. bimetallic corrosion: 双金属腐蚀23. nylon washer: 尼龙垫24. fastener: 紧固件25. insulating glass unit(IGU): 中空玻璃26. Low-E glass: Low-E玻璃27. transparent: 透明的28. opaque: 不透明的 Phrases and Expression(短语及习惯用语)1. divide into: 把分为2. consist of: 由组成3. suit for: 适合4. compare with: 与相比5. in order to: 为了6. so far: 目前7. hesitate to: 犹豫做8. get in touch with: 与保持联系 Translation(汉语译文)技术简介 目前幕墙所选的材料可分为两大类:主材与副材主材包括:玻璃,金属铝板和石材其中金属板又分为:铝复合板铝单板铝蜂窝板不锈钢板钛金板不锈钢复合板钢板副材包括:胶条密封胶岩棉泡沫棒及其它辅助材料会话业 主:请问如何对铝合金表面进行防腐处理?承包商:我们一共有四种处理方式1. 阳极氧化2. 电泳喷漆3. 粉沫喷涂4. 氟碳喷涂业 主:这四种方法有什么不同?承包商:这个问题提的好大致上阳极氧化适用于铝型材,而且和其他方法相比,它的成本最低关于电泳喷漆,实际上并不常用粉沫喷涂和氟碳喷涂通常情况用在外装饰面板并且可供选择的颜色广泛但是氟碳喷涂的效果要比粉沫喷涂要好,这也意味着氟碳喷涂的成本要更高一些业 主:那如果是钢材呢,你们要不要对钢材表面做任何防腐处理?承包商:是的,确实有三种方法来处理钢表面:1. 热浸镀锌2. 无机富锌涂料3. 常温氟碳喷涂业 主:我们已经谈论了关于铝材和钢材的方面据我所知,现如今人们喜欢用石材作为幕墙材料,要不要对它们进行任何表面处理呢?承包商:是的,人们用花岗岩和大理石作为幕墙的面材,但是不会对石材表面进行任何特殊处理我们只需要做相容性测试业 主:什么是相容性测试?承包商:相容性测试是一种确保两种不同密封材料之间或密封材料与其它材料相互接触不产生有害的物理化学反应的测试业 主:我们为什么要做相容性实验?承包商:因为有些时候两种不同的材料,例如:密封胶与金属板之间,当它们相互接触时,会产生化学反应从而影响幕墙的性能及功能所以为避免此类情况的发生,在使用之前必须进行测试业 主:说过了金属与非金属之间相容性的问题,那么如何解决两种不同金属之间的问题?承包商:当两种不同金属或电子导体相互接触时,会产生电极腐蚀,我们叫做双金属腐蚀我们会在不同金属之间放置尼龙垫,并且使用不锈钢紧固件来避免发生双金属腐蚀业 主:上面所谈到大多数问题都是关于金属的,现在我想问一些关于玻璃的问题,与单层玻璃相比,中空玻璃有什么优势?承包商:当然!最明显的优势就在于,中空玻璃的隔音及隔热效果比单层玻璃的好,但成本较高业 主:我听说有一种Low-E镀膜玻璃的,它有什么特点?承包商:Low-E玻璃的特点就是能够阻挡阳光中的热量,同时允许可见光进入,达到节能的目的业 主:听起来很不错!近来,膜结构变得越来越流行,能简单给我们介绍一下吗?承包商:好的,目前在建筑上多采用两种膜结构:一种是ETFE(乙烯四氟乙烯),适合做成充气膜,因其具有透明性,因此可用作立面及屋面外装饰材料,水立方所采用的膜结构就属于这种材料;另一种是PTFE(聚四氟乙烯),不透明,适合做成张拉结构业 主:我了解了,非常感谢您的解答!承包商:不客气!随时保持联络Lesson ThreeStick Cur