中考英语 第二部分 专题语法 高效突破 专项4 代词课件_1

第二部分 专题语法 高效突破,专项 4 代词,高频考点精讲 考点 1 人称代词 1.人称代词有人称、数和格的变化列表如下：,2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。如： She is a good student.她是一个好学生。 (2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。如：I dont know her.我不认识她。 His mother is waiting for him outside.他的母亲正在外面等着他。 3.人称代词的语序 几个人称代词并列充当主语时，它们的顺序是： 单数形式(二、三、一)you，he/she and I； 复数形式(一、二、三)we，you and they。,考点 2 物主代词 1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，列表如下： 2.物主代词的用法：,【注意】形容词性物主代词具有形容词的作用，不能单独使用，放在名词前面作定语。名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，它只能独立使用，后面不跟名词。如：This computer is mine. = This is my computer.这是我的电脑。 物主代词前后不能有this，that，some，a，an，the等词修饰。如不能说the his watch。 当表示强调时，形容词性物主代词可与own连用，意为“某人自己的”。如：her own bike她自己的自行车。,考点 3 反身代词 1.反身代词的构成： (1)第一、二人称反身代词构成：形容词性物主代词self/selves。 (2)第三人称反身代词构成：人称代词宾格self/selves。,2.反身代词的用法：,3. 反身代词常用的结构： for oneself 为自己；hurt oneself 伤害自己； prove oneself 证明自己；keep sth.to oneself保密； dress oneself自己穿衣服；主语oneself.某人亲自； help oneself (to)自用(食物等)； enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴； learn sth.by oneself = teach oneself sth.自学； by oneself = do sth.alone独自做某事,考点 4 普通不定代词 1.普通不定代词 普通不定代词有some，any，many，much，each，every，both，few，little，a few，a little，all，none，either，neither，other，the other，others，another。,2.常见普通不定代词的用法辨析 (1) some与any,(2) many与much,(3) both，either与neither,(4) all，every，each与none,【注意】用what / who提问的句子表示否定时分别用nothing / no one(nobody)来回答。用how many / how much提问的句子表示否定时只能用none来回答。no one / nobody指三者或三者以上当中“一个也没有”，只能指人，不能与of连用。如： What can you see in the room？你在房间里能看到什么？ Nothing.什么都没有。 How many sheep did you see on the hill？你在山上能看到多少只羊？ None.一只也没有。 No one/Nobody can help him out. He must do it by himself. 没有人能够帮他摆脱困境。他必须靠自己。,(5) other，the other，others，the others 与 another,考点 5 复合不定代词 复合不定代词的用法： (1)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 (2)复合不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词须后置。 (3)由some构成的不定代词往往用于肯定句中； 而由any构成的不定代词则往往用于否定句或疑问句中。 由some构成的不定代词有时也可用于疑问句中，用来表明“请求对方给予肯定回答”的心理。,考点 6 指示代词 1.one，this/these与that/those,2.it的特殊用法 (1)指代前面提到过的事物。如：The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jims.书桌子上的书不是我的。它是吉姆的。 (2)代替指示代词this或that。如：Whats that？那是什么？ It is a pencil.它是一支铅笔。 (3)指代婴儿或不明身份的人。如：Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.有人在敲门。请去看看他是谁。 (4)指代时间或季节。如：Whats the time now？现在几点？ Its ten oclock.十点。 (5)指代天气。如：Whats the weather like today？今天天气怎么样？Its sunny.晴天。 (6)指代距离。如：How far is it from your school to your home？从学校到你家有多远？,(7)it的常用句型： It isadj.(for / of sb.)to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)如：It is important for us to work hard.对我们来说努力学习是重要的。 Its time to do / for / that.该做某事的时间了。如：Its time to get up / for lunch / that we went home.该起床了/该吃午饭了/我们该回家了。 It seems that.好像如：It seems that you are right.看起来你是对的。 Its ones turn to do.轮到某人做如：Its your turn to sing. 轮到你唱了。 Itsadj.that从句。如：Its natural that they should have different views.他们有不同的观点是很自然的。,(8)作形式宾语。如：Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line？你认为学习排队等候是有必要的吗？ (9)构成强调句型“It is / was被强调部分that / who其他成分”。如：It is he who goes to school by bike every day. 他每天骑自行车上学。,考点 7 疑问代词,十年真题全练 青岛中考在单项选择中主要以不定代词、人称代词的用法以及物主代词为重点考查的内容，并且也考查反身代词。在综合填空中重点考查物主代词，在阅读理解中综合考查其他代词的用法。复习时要熟练掌握各种代词的基本用法，重点掌握不定代词和人称代词的用法，记牢反身代词与动词的固定搭配，使用时一定要注意上下文之间的联系，进行分析、判断，注意代词在句子中的应用形式以及所作的句子成分和所代替部分的词类和单、复数形式等，最后选择正确答案。 研究十年中考题告诉我们，试题考查重点放在人称代词、物主代词和不定代词上面，17年考查的是不定代词和物主代词，代词是内容较多的模块，考题占分比例大，所以18年的中考同学们还须侧重于代词的复习。,考点 1 人称代词 1.2012青岛，20题I dont have white shoes for tomorrows speech contest. My brother has C pair. Would you like to try _ on? A.a；it B.one；it C.one；them D.two；them 考点 2 物主代词 2.2017青岛，综合填空B1题Her ways of solving problems are different from mine (我的). 3.2016青岛，综合填空B2题I left my book at home. May I borrow yours (你的)?,考点 3 反身代词 4.2009青岛，18题Dont worry about your broken pen.You can use B . A.my B.mine C.yours D.myself 5.2015青岛，综合填空B1题My uncle has taught himself (自己)French since the year before last. 考点 4 普通不定代词 6.2017青岛，1题Can I come today or tomorrow? B is OK.Im busy today and tomorrow. A.Either B.Neither C.Each D.None,考点 5 复合不定代词 7.2014青岛，24题Though Mary is a new teacher，she knows _C student in her class. A.either B.all C.every D.none 8.2016青岛，5题Ladies and gentlemen，attention please！ I have B important to tell you. A.nothing B.something C.everything D.anything 9.2013青岛，19题I dont have a present for my friend. What if _C else brings a present? A.anybody B.nobody C.everyone D.none 考点 6 指示代词 10.2008青岛，18题I have got many collections of snow globes.You may take B if you like. A.either B.one C.it D.none,猜押预测 1.Mum，this is my best friend Amy are in the same class. A.You B.Our C.We D.They 2.Everyone makes mistakes in life.The key is not to repeat _ again. A.it B.this C.that D.them 3.My father is a worker. is very kind. A.He B.She C.His D.It 4.Is this Kates bicycle? No，_ is under the tree.She put it there this morning. A.his B.hers C.mine D.yours 5.How do you get on with _ little brother? Ive just had a baby sister.Im worrying about it. A.my B.his C.her D.your,C,D,A,B,D,6.If we just think about _ ，the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime. A.myself B.himself C.yourself D.ourselves 7.Would you please come to play soccer with me? Sorry！My 5yearold brother cant look after _. A.him B.himself C.his D.He 8.Dont be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again，will you? No，I wont.I know that _ of us are perfect after all. A.none B.neither C.each D.all 9.In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，but in _，knives and forks. You see. People around the world have different eating habits. A.others B.other C.another D.all,D,B,A,A,10.Sir， called you just now. I told him to phone again 20 minutes later. OK.Thanks，Nancy. A.someone B.nobody C.anyone D.everyone 11.Is there _ in todays newspaper? No.I think everything in it is boring. A.interesting anything B.somebody interesting C.interesting something D.anything interesting 12.Do you t