《机电体化专业英语》模拟卷.doc

2012机电一体化专业英语模拟卷一、 词汇互译1、渐开线齿形： 2、基圆： 3、螺钉： 4、工程力学： 5、滚动轴承： 6、旋转轴： 7、左旋： 8、直角： 9、弯矩： 10、工作力： 11、lathe: 12. actuator: 13. motor: 14. gearbox: 15. tolerance: 16. maintenance: 17. deviation: 18. sketch: 19. accumulation: 20. discipline: 21、machine design： 22、static force： 23、kinematic analysis： 24、internal combustion engine： 25、acceleration： 26、sprocket： 27. electronic: 28. catalog: 29. configuration: 30. torque: 二、 翻译（1）英译中1、Roughing, for which the metal removal rate, and consequently the cutting force, is high, but the required dimensional accuracy relatively low.2、Typical methods of fastening and joining parts include the use of such items as bolts, nuts, cap screws, setscrews, rivets, locking devices and keys. 3、Foundations should ensure the machines stiffness; shock absorption and isolation are secondary considerations.4、Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles.5、A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of a real machine member. 6、The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing, but rather how to select one.7、The process of drawing kinematic diagrams and determining degrees of freedom of mechanisms are the first steps in both the kinematic analysis and synthesis process.8、Although positive clutches are not used to the extent of the frictional-contact type, they do have important applications where synchronous operation is required. （2）段落翻译 Mechanical engineering experienced a rapid growth during the early 19th century because it provided a necessary foundation for the rapid and successful development of the industrial revolution. At that time, mines needed large pumps never before seen to keep their shafts dry; iron and steel mills required pressures and temperatures beyond levels used commercially, transportation systems needed more than horse power engine to move goods. The primary engineering disciplines of the 20th century are mechanical, electrical, civil, and chemical ones. Today, practically all mechanical devices include electronics components and some type of computer monitoring or control. Therefore, the term mechatronic system includes a variety of devices and systems. Increasingly, microcontrollers are embedded in electromechanical devices, creating much more flexibility and control possibilities in system design. Numerous applications in automatic machinery require intermittent motion. A typical example will call for a rise-dwell-return and perhaps another dwell period of a specified number of degrees each, together with a required follower displacement measured in centimeters of degrees. The designers job is to lay out the cam accordingly. The first decision to be made is to choose the cam follower type. The specified application may dictate the combination of the cam and follower. Some factors that should enter into the decision are: geometric considerations, dynamic considerations, environmental considerations and economic matters. Once a type of cam and follower pair has been selected, the follower motion must be chosen. Therefore, the velocity, acceleration, and in some cases further derivatives of the displacement of the follower are of great importance. A computer is a fast and accurate symbol manipulating system that is organized to accept, store and process data and produce output results. Key elements in a computer system include input, processing, and output devices. There are three main sections found in the CPU of a typical personal computer system: the primary storage section, the arithmetic-logic section, and the control section. Electric drives, in particular, will play a key role in this new breed of automation because they are the most direct link between computers and motion on the factory floor. New drive will provide a solution to a new way of manufacturing. Manufacturing companies will be capable of manufacturing a variety of high-quality products, switching from one to another with only minor modifications.(3)中译英1、离合器提供了一个启动或停止机器的便捷的方法。2、计算机辅助设计能被定义为使用计算机系统帮助设计的创作、修改和分析。3、计算机系统由硬件和软件组成以去执行指定的设计功能。4、设计的目的在于自动操作，维护简单，生产率高。5、交流电动机是提供连续的旋转运动最佳的解决方法，并提供各种扭矩-速度曲线。6、数字控制能被定义为通过称为程序的一系列编码指令来控制