2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习2EnvironmentalProtection高考试卷分块专练北师大版.docx

Unit 22 Environmental Protection高考试卷分块专练第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ATour operators have seasonal deals on holidays to Canada, Australia and other countries in a new year.AustravelHolidaymakers can save up to 30% on a trip to Australia with the Austravel sale, which runs for about a month. It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth and a west coast selfdrive trip from 795pp including flights in May or July.austravel. comCanadian AffairThe leading UK tour operator to Canada will be offering savings of up to 140pp during its winter sale. This includes a threenight city break to Toronto, including return flights, for just 399, if you book before 24 December. Other deals continue until 31 December.canadianaffair. comThomson and First ChoiceSome deals are being launched this week by Thomson and First Choice, with early booking offers including free places for kids, lower deposits and up to 300 off per couple on a lot of destinations.thomson. co. uk, firstchoice. co. ukEurocampThe camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays for under 350, such as an Easter break at La Baume on the French Riviera for just 25 a night, based on a stay in a twobedroom holiday home. Early bookers can save up to 25% and secure a holiday with a deposit of just 99.eurocamp. co. ukKuoniRunning from Christmas Eve, the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers. These offers include ten nights full board in the Maldives from 1,599 and seven nights in Phuket, Thailand from 999 per person both including flights and transfers (换乘)kuoni. co. uk21How long may you stay in Perth with Austravel?AOne month.BTwo weeks.COne week. DFour nights.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Austravel部分中的“It also includes a fortnightlong trip to Perth”可知，Austravel提供给游客为期14天的Perth之游。fortnight意为“两周，十四天”。22What does the author say about Thomson and First Choice?AIt requires no deposit.BIt offers cheap return flights.CIt is suitable for family travel.DIt can save up to 300 per person.解析：选C推理判断题。根据Thomson and First Choice部分中的“including free places for kids, lower deposits and up to 300 off per couple”可知，Thomson and First Choice提供对孩子免费的地方，以及针对夫妇的折扣。所以它对家庭出游来说很合适。23What do Eurocamp and Kuoni have in common?ABoth have various offers.BBoth include flights.CBoth offer a discount for early booking.DBoth need a deposit to secure a holiday.解析：选A推理判断题。根据Eurocamp部分中的“The camping company is offering thousands of Easter and May halfterm holidays”可知，Eurocamp提供数千种假日出游选择；根据Kuoni部分中的“the Kuoni sale includes a wide range of offers”可知，Kuoni也为游客提供各种各样的出游选择。所以选A。B(2018安徽省“江淮十校”联考)Fourthgrade teacher Tori Nelson allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies (仗势欺人者) teased him about his own buzz cut. Ms Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington State, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat.Ms Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick curly brown hair, she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibited kids from wearing hats indoors he refused explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.“Finally I said, If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too，” Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. “I figured its just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.”Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as their teachers hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself，” said Ms Nelson. “You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isnt just about reading and writing; its about selfworth and accepting differences.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小男孩Matthew因新发型被其他孩子嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师Tori Nelson通过让Matthew帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他的故事。24What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom?AHis fear of being laughed at.BHis unwillingness to learn.CHis violating school rules.DHis not finishing his homework.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的内容尤其是“explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him”可知，Matthew不进教室的主要原因是他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑。故选A。25Why did Ms Nelson have her head shaved?ATo show sympathy for Matthew.BTo comfort and encourage Matthew.CTo prepare for the warm weather.DTo show her unique personality.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章主旨以及第一段的内容和第三段中的“If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too”可知，Matthew因新发型而受到仗势欺人者的嘲笑，因害怕也被同学嘲笑，他不敢进教室，Nelson老师想出了让Matthew给她剪一个相同的发型的主意来帮助Matthew敢于面对他的同学。由此可知，Nelson老师这样做的目的是安慰并鼓励Matthew。故选B。26What is Ms Nelson like?AResponsible and caring.BKnowledgeable and creative.CHumorous and easygoing.DStout and determined.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，Nelson老师在知道自己的学生Matthew因新发型遭到嘲笑，并暗自伤心，害怕也被同学嘲笑而拒绝进教室的情况之后，她决定让Matthew当众为其剪同样的寸头发型，以此安慰并鼓励Matthew，而不是将此事抛诸脑后，置之不理。由此可看出，Nelson老师是一位负责任的、关心他人的人。故选A。27What is the best title of the passage?AThe real meaning of teachingBStand up to school bullyingCTeach kids to respect differencesDA haircut full of love解析：选D标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，Matthew因新发型被学校里的仗势欺人者欺负、嘲笑，进而使他因害怕被其他同学嘲笑而不敢进教室，女老师Tori Nelson通过让Matthew帮她剪同样的发型来安慰、鼓励他，使他最终有勇气来面对这一欺凌现象。由此可知。D项作本文标题最佳。C“Once there was the Stone Age, then the Bronze Age, and now we are in the middle of the Plastic Age，” said teenager Boyan Slat. “Every year, we produce 300 million tons of plastic. Much of it reaches our oceans.”At the age of 16, Boyan Slat scuba dived off Greece in the Mediterranean Sea seeing more rubbish floating on and under the surface. He said, “At first, I thought I was swimming through strange jellyfish. Instead, I swam through more plastic bags than fish.” Seeing all the ocean trash, he asked himself，“Why not clean it up？”Slat quit his Aerospace Engineering studies to create www. theoceancleanup. com in order to fund his research on how to pick up all the plastic trash floating on the oceans of the world. Researchers discovered that 46, 000 pieces of plastic float on every square mile of the oceans, produced by billions of humans around the planet throwing their plastic into rivers, streams and directly into the oceans. Whats worse, plastic does not break down.Today, we find plastic in the tissue of about every creature in the oceans. Additionally, millions of tons of plastic gather in giant oceangoing garbage patches (垃圾带). You may Google “The Great Pacific Garbage Patch”. It grows from 60 to 90 feet deep in places. It kills millions of sea birds, turtles, sharks, dolphins and whales.Being a brilliant, innocent teenager, Boyan Slat decided to construct designs of some equipment that would collect millions of tons of plastic floating on our oceans. He created a solarpowered trawler (拖网渔船) to pick up surface plastic, chew it up and store it in huge bins for collection. He also created floating booms (挡栅) that allow the oceans to sweep the plastic for efficient pickup. When you see the designs, they will blow your mind.Boyan Slat stands at the head of his class in creating solutions for the folly of humans. If ever humans need leaders to stand up and be counted, we need more people like Boyan Slat to lead us out of damaging our planet home towards a biologically healthy future.语篇解读：16岁的Boyan Slat设计出了专门用于收集海洋塑料垃圾的设备，为保护海洋生态系统作出了杰出的贡献。28Boyan Slat said we are in the Plastic Age because nowadays _.Athe use of plastic is all humans big concernBthere is too much plastic all over the worldCplastic threatens many creatures in the oceansDplastic is the most important material in our daily life解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Boyan Slat在说了我们处在塑料时代之后，紧接着说明我们每年制造大量塑料这一事实。由此可推知，他这样说是因为现在全世界有太多塑料。29The fourth paragraph mainly tells us _.Athe popularity of plasticBthe great harm caused by plastic rubbishCthe present situation of garbage patchesDthe relationship between plastic and animals解析：选B段落大意题。通读第四段可知，本段主要讲了被废弃在海洋中的塑料垃圾对海洋生物造成的巨大危害。30Which of the following were Boyan Slats efforts to fight against plastic rubbish on the oceans?aHe created floating booms.bHe created a rubbishpicking trawler.cHe invented special huge bins for collection.dHe started www. theoceancleanup. com to raise funds.Aa, b, dBa, c, dCa, b, c Db, c, d解析：选A细节理解题。根据第五段第二、三句可知，他创造了用来捡拾海洋垃圾的太阳能拖网渔船以及漂浮水栅；根据第三段第一句可知，他为清理海洋垃圾筹资而创建了www. theoceancleanup. com这一网站。综上可知，应选A项。31Which of the following words can best describe Boyan Slat?AGenerous and hardworking.BCareful and strongwilled.CCheerful and friendly.DCreative and practical.解析：选D推理判断题。综合全文可知，Boyan Slat 在发现问题后便开始着手解决问题，并将想法付诸实践，达到了预期效果。由此可推知，他是个很务实的人。根据第五段介绍的他的发明可知，他很有创造力。故选D项。D(2018河南洛阳外国语学校模拟)One of the strangest features of motherhood is that the vast majority of mothers prefer to cradle their babies in the left arm. Why should this be? The obvious explanation is that the majority of mothers are right handed and they wish to keep their right hand free.Unfortunately, this explanation cannot apply, because lefthanded mothers also favor their left arm for holding their babies. The precise figures are 83 percent for righthanded mothers and 73 percent for lefthanded mothers.The most likely explanation is that the mothers heart is on the left side and, by holding the baby in her left arm, she is unconsciously bringing her baby closer to the sound of the heart beat. This is the sound the baby heard when it was inside the mothers womb and which is therefore an association with peace, comfort and security.Tests were carried out in nurseries where some babies were played the recorded sound of a human heart beat, and, sure enough, went to sleep twice as quickly as the others. We also know that the sound of mothers heart is quite audible inside the womb and that the unborn baby has a welldeveloped hearing.It is interesting that fathers show less of this leftside bias (偏爱) than mothers, suggesting that the human female is better programmed than her partner for carrying a baby. Alternatively, she may unconsciously adjust her holding behavior to make baby fell more secure. Some new observations on our closest animals relatives, the chimpanzees and gorillas, have revealed that they also show a strong bias for holding their babies on the left side. The precise figures were 84 percent for chimpanzees and 82 percent for gorillas, remarkably close to the human percentages.Recently a possible additional value in cradling babies on the left side has been suggested. It has been pointed out that, because, the two sides of the brain are concerned with different aspects of behavior, it is possible that the mother, in cradling the baby to her left, is showing the baby her “best side”It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the human face and that she therefore gives the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her. Furthermore, the mothers left eye and ear are more tuned into emotional changes in her baby than her right eye and ear would be. So in addition to the babys seeing the more expressive parts of its mother, there is further advantage that the mother herself is more sensitive to the leftheld baby. This may sound farfetched, but just possibly, it could provide a slight extra benefit for those mothers displaying the strange onesided bias when cradling their infants.How does a bias occur? Do the mothers have an instinctive preference for it, or do they learn it by trial and error, unconsciously adjusting the position of the babies until the babies are calmer? The surprising answer is that it seems to be the baby not the mother who controls the bias. Observation of new born infants when they were only a few hours old revealed that they come into the world with a preprogrammed tendency to turn their head to the right. If the new born baby is gently held in a dead central position and then released, it naturally swings to the right far more often than to the left. This happens in nearly 70 percent of babies. This may be only a part of explanation, because the holding bias is 80 percent not 70 percent, but it adds a further intriguing chapter to the story. 32How does the author develop Paragraph 1?ABy giving an example as a hook. BBy giving a general statement and narrowing it down.CBy asking a question and showing an answer.DBy explaining the importance of understanding a phenomenon.解析：选C写作手法题。根据第一段中的“Why should this be? The obvious explanation is that the majority of mothers are right handed and they wish to keep their right hand free.”可知， 第一句说明一个现象，并对此提出疑问，然后进行解释。由此可知，选项C符合题意。33The underlined word “audible”in Paragraph 3 means _.Asoft BclearCweak Ddistant解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“.and that the unborn baby has a welldeveloped hearing”可知，还在子宫内未出生的婴儿有着发育健全的听力系统。由此可推知，B项符合语境，即婴儿在子宫内时，母亲的心跳声是很清晰的。34Whats the main idea of Paragraph 5?AThe left side of the human face expresses emotions more strongly than the right.BA mothers left eye and ear are more sensitive to the emotional changes in her baby.CA baby may be more able to “read” its mothers emotions than was previously believed.DHolding her baby in the left arm may improve a mothers emotional communication with it.解析：选D段落大意题。根据第五段中的“It is claimed that the emotions are expressed more strongly on the left side of the human face and that she therefore gives the baby a better chance to read her emotional mood changes as it gazes up at her.”可知，人的左半边脸的表情更加丰富，更有利于和孩子进行感情交流和沟通。因此D项符合语境。35What is the authors tone when he discusses why most mothers cradle their babies in the left arm?ACautious. BDisapproving.CSubjective. DFavorable.解析：选A推理判断题。根据文章里多处出现的语气不确定的词可知，作者探讨为什么大多数母亲都是左手抱婴儿这一问题的态度是比较谨慎的。例如第二段中most likely explanation，第五段中的 a possible additional value, it is possible that ., but just possibly .以及第六段中的This may be only a part of explanation .等。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Ideas to Make Your School a Green CampusUniversities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more ecofriendly.Recycle everything, especially paper!There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. _36_ We know that these things cant be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.Walk and bike to school.Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become a more ecofriendly campus, have pretty good public transit. _37_Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.Buy green._38_ Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be purchased as a recycled goods. Theyre slightly more expensive than the normal products, but its worth it to make a green campus._39_A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drank in class or while riding a bike. This will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus.Buy used clothing.It is usually thought of as something to do to save money. _40_ Recycling clothes minimizes the use of resources to make clothing and puts a dent in the problem of worldwide sweatshops. ACarry a water bottle.BIt is also good for the environment!CBuy recycled goods as much as possible.DPaper made of this kind wood is much stronger.EOn top of that, almost all universities are pedestrianfriendly.FIt includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on.GUniversities call all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper.语篇解读：在校园中做到环保的方法有很多，其中包括回收、使用绿色产品，步行或骑自行车上学，自己带水及购买二手衣服等。36解析：选F根据前句“There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester.”及后句“We know that these things cant be avoided”可知，此处应是列举学生可能用到的纸的物品。37解析：选E由空前“大多数大学都有相当好的公共交通运输”可知，首要的是，几乎所有的大学都有人性化的人行道。38解析：选C本段中作者建议使用环保产品，故选C。39解析：选A根据下文中的“A water bottle can be refilled .”可知，本段的主题是携带水瓶。40解析：选B由空后的内容可知买二手衣服也有利于环保。第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(2018辽宁省六校协作体联考)“God, give us thankful hearts for these and for all our many blessings.”That was the _41_ my father, an East Texas farmer, said over every meal.Pa passed away long ago, but I try to _42_ his example every day.The year we spent Thanksgiving at our home on Lake Tawakoni was such a _43_.I was preparing a dinner party for the day.I opened the oven, put in our huge _44_ and tried to turn on the old oven.It took just a few minutes for me to _45_ that the heating had failed.I only had a few hours _46_ family members and special friends were going to arrive with side dishes, so I called my neighbor Lois and explained my problem.Lois just _47_ and said：“Honey, you bring that turkey to my house.Well have it cooked in no time.”With a sigh of _48_， I put the roasting pan into the car and _49_ across the road.Lois babysat the big bird while I returned to the lake house and _50_ a festive table.While the turkey was cooked in her oven, I gave special _51_ to the kind neighbor.M