中科院考博英语 培训资料（作文） problems in writing--09,Jan.ppt

常见问题分析,-作文实战中的常见错误,1。句式不平行：用一些词组连接起来的两部分应该用相同的句式。 In a word, I agree with the high salary of the athletes instead of the entertainers. -( instead of the high salary of the entertainers) 2. 词性错误: 词性不对，名词，形容词，副词，动词等词性的相互误用。 Famous athletes and entertainers may make more contributes to the society with their high incomes -(make more contribution to ) Greater amount of money should be given to citizens who contribution more to the country (-who contribute more to the country -who make more contribution to the country) Pursuit n. Pursue vt. Criticize v. Criticism n. sale n. sell vt.,3. 名词单复数错误：名词的单复数一定要搞清楚。 Some famous athletes began their training even when they were small child. (childchildren) 4. 动词单复数错误：动词的单复数也要注意。 I believe, they obtain the high income are extremely normally and equally. (1) that they obtain the high income is (2) normal and equal. 形容词才能作表语。 (3) extremelyquite 太绝对的语气也不太合适说理的议论文。,5. 表达有歧义:写完后要站在读者的角度读一遍，看看有什么并非自己本义的歧义出现。 The life of the famous athletes and entertainers activity is very short. (the lifethe professional life) 6。词组的用法要记牢：学会用一个词组就是学会它的搭配方法。 Some Americans become to interest in learning China because they love Yao Ming. (_become interested in=be interested in）,7. 错误的倒装：分清楚哪些用法需要倒装，哪些不要。 Whenever and wherever are they the main focus of the media. - No matter when and where they are, they are always the main focus of the media. 8. 生造词汇或用法:要用确定存在的词汇或用法。 Its well-known that the appearance money of some famous entertainers could be several millions yuan. (-the money for them to make an appearance) 努力：make an effort to do sth. ( 不是：take much effects),9. 信息错误：考生想要表达的信息不正确或者看起来有错误。(作文之忌） By contrast, entertainers suffer less than athletes, but there are too many people who are accomplished in literature to succeed. (-but there are too many people who cant succeed because they are not accomplished in literature.) 10。句子不完整：句子缺少主语或谓语,或只是半个句子。 If they play a bad role in life that outraged public opinion. It will make the stars career going downhill. -If they play a bad role in life that outrages the public, it will make the stars career going downhill.,11。词义不当：要区分容易混淆的同义词。 In recent years, we found that incomes of many athletes are beyond our image. (imageimagination) These actions will enlarge the international image of China and arouse the sympathy of normal people. （enlargeenhance) They think this phenomenon destroy the fair and the harmony of our society. (fair美好的事物fairness公平 ),12。句子基本结构错误：句子的主语、谓语或宾语被丢失或者重复。 Maybe there is some conditions which incomes much higher than paid out in their work. - Maybe there is some conditions in which incomes are much higher than what they pay in their work. Nowadays is eyeball economy time. - Nowadays it is “eyeball economy” time.,The money of these famous athletes earned only from two main ways, the bonus and the ad-rate. -The money of these famous athletes earned is only from two main ways, the bonus and the ad-rate. 13. 介词的误用：介词不能随意添加，也不能搭配错误。 But if it is a pleasure for them to put parts of their incomes on the society, such as take care of the olds, it is really a good thing. -But if it is a pleasure for them to put parts of their incomes back to the society, such as taking care of the olds, it is really a good thing.,几个注意事项,14。注意并列原则：如：我的衣服比你的好看。 My clothes are prettier than you. -My clothes are prettier than those of yours. The number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than the building of roads. -The number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than the number of (newly built ) roads. Not onlybut also必须成对使用。,15. 避免使用意思空泛的词，多使用具体的词。 She is very good. -She is outstanding/excellent/ first-rate/superior in academic / sports/cooking. 16. 不用太通俗的表达，要用学术性的词。 a lot of peoplea large number of people a lot of troublea large amount of trouble 17. 不要不加思索地照抄原题在文中。 Nowadays, famous athletes and entertainers deserve high incomes. (In the beginning of 1st paragraph.) ( deserve-have got/ earned),18. 避免滥用and so on 和 etc. 。说了such as 之后，直接列举几个项目就行，最后不用再写and so on 和 etc.了。 19. 单数可数名词误用：单数可数名词不能单独使用。要么把它变成复数，要么在前面加上像 a, the, my, his, her, Garys, no, any, 1, 3, most 等等这样的限定词。 I like apple, but not banana. -I like apples, but not bananas. Most peop