高考英语第一轮重点知识复习二十.docVIP

高考英语第一轮重点知识复习 二十 Module 8 Unit3 & Unit4一. 重点单词1. distinguish （1）辨别；辨认I can distinguish them at a distance. 从远处我能认出他们。（2）（常与from, between连用）区别；区分Can you distinguish between those two objects? 你能区分那两个物体吗？（3）distinguish oneself 显扬自己；使自己扬名The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。拓展：be distinguished from不同于；与加以区别distinguish from 辨别，把和区别开be distinguished by 以为特征be distinguished for 因而著称distinguished adj. 著名的，出名的distinguishing adj. 有区别的distinguishable adj. 可区别的考点例题：应当教育孩子分辨好坏。Children should be taught to _2. convenient adj. 便利的，方便的Is it convenient for you to come next Sunday?下个星期天你方便来吗？be convenient to sb. 对某人方便It is convenient for sb. It is convenient to do sth. 做某事方便Will 3 oclock be convenient for you?考点例题：（1）Come and see me whenever_. A. you are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you（2）If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable3. convince vt. to cause to believe or feel certain; to persuade 说服；使相信，说动 （某人）（1）convince sb. to do sth. 或convince that . 说服某人做某事KS*5U.C#an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society. 一位语音学专家，认定一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位We convinced him to go by train rather plane. 我们说服了他坐火车去，不要搭飞机去。（2）（be）convincedof 短语/ that 从句意思是“坚信”；“确信”。例如：我确信他有罪。 _=_. （3）convince （vt. ）sb.of 短语/that 从句，“使坚信”；“使确信”。I dont think her forced smile will convince her father that she lives happily on that small lonely island. 我不认为她的强作欢颜能使她父亲相信她在那个小孤岛上过得开心。KS*5U.C#4. condemn vt. 谴责（1）condemn sb. / sth. 谴责某人/某事Most people condemn any sort of violence. 大部分人谴责任何形式的暴力行为。（2）be condemned to death / be sentenced to death被判死刑 The criminal was condemned to death. 那个罪犯被判处死刑。KS*5U.C#O%下（3）condemn sb. to do sth. 迫使做事His illness condemned him to be in bed all the time. 他的病使他被迫一直呆在床上。5. acquaintance n. 相识; 了解I have some acquaintance with the language我懂得这门语言。I made his acquaintance long ago. 我很久以前已经认识他了。KS*5U.C#O%下拓展：make ones acquaintance / make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人be familiar with / be acquainted with对熟悉acquaint sb. with使某人了解二. 重点短语1. call up 打电话，使回忆起When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone, she was very upset. Ill call you up tonight. The old photo calls up memories of my childhood. call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话call for需要，要求，接（人或物）call in邀请；请来call on拜访（人）call at拜访（某地）考点例题： -Can I do the job?-Im afraid not, because it _skill and patience. A. calls on B. calls out C. calls up D. calls for2. pass oneself as 冒充She passed herself as an experienced actress. pass off 逐渐消失；不加理会；（进展）顺利pass away 去世pass down/on 把传给后世pass out 昏过去；失去知觉 pass on to 把传递给 pass through 通过；穿过考点例题：（1）On entering another country, a tourist will have to pass _ the customs. A. through B. by C. over D. for（2）There was a thick mist at first, but it soon began to pass_. A. out B. down C. by D. off（3）I was sorry to learn that his mother had passed _. A. out B. away C. over D. through3. in amazement惊讶地I stared at him in amazement. 我吃惊地盯着他。I watched her in amazement. 我吃惊地看着她。归纳拓展：in/with amazement “惊讶地”，同义词为 in amazement, in surprise。in在此结构中表示“处于状态”。amaze vt. sb. /sth. amaze sb.; amazing adj.; amazement n. to ones amazement“使某人惊讶的是”。类似结构有：in action在行动;in advance 事先;in anger 气忿地; in common共有,共同;in danger; in debt; in detail; in doubt; in excitement; in tear; in general 大体上; in operation 生效,运转着;in place 在适当的位置; in reality实际上;in return 作为报答;in safety; in secret; in shape 处于良好状态;in short 简言之;in sight被看见;in silence; in store 贮藏着;in thought 思考;in trouble; in turn依次为; in vain 白白地KS*5U.C#O%下特别提示：in amazement指“造成心理上的混乱或恐慌”；in astonishment 指“因为不可解释的事而吃惊”；in surprise指“由于突然或出于意外而吃惊”。 KS*5U.C#考点例题：I heard that a burglar broke into my room last night _. I couldnt believe my ears. A. in silence B. in peace C. in amazement D. in excitement4. in need of 需要Itll be how to teach her grammar, not just pronunciation. Shes in need of both. 归纳拓展 in need of 需要，为介词短语, 后跟名词或代词其同义词为in want of, in need如: Most of the people are in great need. 英语中类似结构有:in charge of 负责; in search of 搜寻; in hope of 希望; in honor of 纪念、尊重; in favor of 有利于; in spite of 尽管; in case of 以防万一; in place of 代替。KS*5U.C#考点例题：The saying “A friend _is a friend indeed” is proved true in our daily life. A. in silence B. in need C. in peace D. in sightshow in 带或领进来5. show sb. in 领某人进来, 其反义词为:show sb. out领某人出去。Show her in, Mrs. Pearce. He showed me into a bedroom. He showed me out. 拓展： show sb. around 领某人参观某地; show off 炫耀; show up出现,来到某处; 揭露;显得好看考点例题：（1）It is unwise to _your greater knowledge in front of the manager. A. show in B. show out C. show up D. show off（2）He didnt show _ in the party last night. A. up B. off C. over D. in 三. 重点句型1. Generally speaking, people are more polite to those whom they think are of higher social class. 总的来说，人们对那些他们认为属于较高社会阶层的人更礼貌一些。KS*5U.C#（1）本句中的of 表示“从属”关系。例如：Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。（2）be of形容词抽象名词be副词与该抽象名词同根的形容词。例如：What I said is of great importance. What I said is very important. 我所说的非常重要可用于以上结构的抽象名词及相对应的形容词有：ability-able, help-helpful, importance-important, interest-interesting, significance-significant, use-useful, value- valuable考点例题：（1）Your suggestion is of _ for my decision. A. great helpful B. great help C. great useful D. to use （2）他所说的非常重要，一定要记住。_2. Between the outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes hard when cooled. when cooled 为when it is cooled 的省略结构when/while /once/unless/ if 等连词所引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句主语相一致，且从句中含有系动词be 时，从句中的主语和系动词be可省略，形成“连词分词” 结构When（ it is ）seen from the top, the tall building seems not tall at all. KS*5U.C#O%下If （it is）heated, it changed into steam. KS*5U.C#考点例题：（1）_ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared（2）_more time, we are sure to finish it. A. Given B. Giving C. Be given D. If giving【模拟试题】（一）用框内所给词组的适当形式完成下列句子。set out; get through; convince. of.; in case; now and then; in amazement; passas; ring off; in need of; in terms of 1. Why not give Harry a ring _ her forgets about it?2. He _ to work on his first novel two years ago. 3. Usually I come by car, but _, I take a bus. 4. I tried but I couldnt _ to you. 5. Id better _now - the baby is crying. Ill ring you back later. 6. Are you _ help? Tell me when you are in trouble?7. He failed to _ the teacher _ his honesty. 8. She _ herself _ a police officer and gained his trust. 9. I watched _ as she tore up the contract and threw it into the bin. 10. Its a good book, but _ sales it hasnt been very successful. （二）根据句子意思写出括号内所给单词的恰当形式。1. _ （lose）in the fog, we were forced to spend two hours in the woods. 2. _（discuss）many times, the problems were settled at last. 3. When first _（introduce）to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 4. If you put a stick in a glass of water, the stick looks as if it _（be）broken. 5. You are very much _ （mistake）if you think that people will agree to these changes. 6. She stood _（hesitate ）over whether to join the fight or not. 7. I first made his _（acquaint）in 1993, when we were both at Stanford University. 8. Wines are _（classify）according to quality. （三）根据括号内所给的提示翻译下列句子。1. 他一到那儿就着手解决问题。（set about doing sth. set out to do sth. ）2. 只有刻苦努力学习我们才能通过考试（only by doing sth. ）3. 除非被告知，否则不要离开办公室。（unless）KS*5U.C#4. 我不喜欢喝咖啡，我弟弟也不喜欢。（nor/ neither ）5. 对于青少年来说， 能够明辨是非是非常重要的。（distinguish from ）6. 每一次我看见他，他都显得很忧郁。（look depressed）7. 我花了很长时间才让他相信我是诚实的。（convince sb. of sth. ）8. 约翰的数学比迪克好。（be superior to）9. 他所说的非常重要，一定要记住。（be of importance important）10. 虽然被打败了，但我们并没有泄气。（用省略句）【试题答案】（一）1. in case 2. set out 3. now and then 4. get through 5. r