英语特殊句型学习.docVIP

学习强调句型强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感的句型。强调句主要有如下几种形式:1、 当需要强调句中的主语、宾语、状语时，我们常用“It is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)”这种句型，使用此It is + 被强调部分 + that . 就是强调句句型。 注：该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 1）It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 就是在六百年前，这第一带有表盘的时钟被制造出来了。2）It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. 就是他们昨天打扫了教室。3）It was in the street that I met her father. 就是在这条街上我遇见了他的父亲。4）It is he who(that) often helps me with my English. 2、before的连词用法及句型强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前，意为“不等.就.”。Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我还没有来得用插话，他就已经给我量好了尺寸。在“It+be+时间段+before从句中”，意为“之后才”It will be ten years before we can meet again.十年之后我们才能见面。在“It+ be的过去式+not+long+before从句中”，意为“不久就”It was not long before he told me about it.不久他就告诉了我这件事。在特定的情景中，意为“趁着”I must write it down before I forget it.趁我还没忘记，我得把它记下来。 .It was a long time before I cottoned on to what he meant. 过了好长时间我才弄清楚他的意思。3. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语”直到才”，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下了眼镜我才认出她是著名的电影名星。= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. （等于倒装句）= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. （等于直到.才）4. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain.) that . 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚（显然，真的，肯定）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. 很清楚他又壮又高像一棵树一样。= That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 5. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. 我们学好英语是很重要的。It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 记住这些单词是很重要的。6. It is said (reported, learned.) that . 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为”据说（据报道，据悉）”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. 据说他来到了北京。It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 据报导又一颗人造卫星发射成功进入运行轨道。7. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为”据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 有人建议会应该推迟开。It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 我们被命令应该两小时以后到。8. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为”竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ 9. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that . 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为”是（正是）的时侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed. 到该睡觉的时间了。= It is time that children went to bed. 10. It is the first ( second . ) time that . 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。 至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换常译为”是第一（二）次”。 It is the first time I have been here. 这是我第一次到这里。= This is the first time I have been here. 11. It is (has been).+时间 since +过去时，自从.已经多久了。It is (has been) two years since I moved here.自从我搬到这里已经两年了。 二、其它强调句 1用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原形”来表示强调： He does know the place well他的确很熟悉这个地方。 Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信。 2用形容词 very，only，single，such, last 等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气： Thats the very textbook we used last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。 You are the only person here who can speak Chinese你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。 Not a single person has been in the shop this morning今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。 How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？ He is the last person I want to see in this world! 我最不想看他了! 3用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句): Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？ What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？ Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？ 4用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气： On the table were some flowers桌上摆着一些花。（强调地点） Many a time have I climbed that hill我多次翻过那座山。 Only in this way，can we solve this problem只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。 5用If来表示强调： 1）If从句I dont know whowhat，etcdoesishas，etc；主语部分也可以用nobody doesishas，etc或everybody doesishas，et c来代替（这里的if从句往往是正话反说，反话正说）： If he cant do it，I dont know who can要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。（强调只有他能做） If Jim is a coward，everybody is要是吉姆是个胆小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。（强调吉姆不是胆小鬼） 2）if从句it be主句（此用法即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中）： If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。 If there is one thing he loves，it is money如果说世界上还有他爱的东西，那便是金钱。 6用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气： Its because of hard workten years of hard work那是因为艰苦的工作-十年艰苦的工作！ He began the work in late May他在五月底开始的这项工作。（强调时间） 练习：1. It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A. was B. are C. were D. had been2. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A. which B. when C. that D. since3. She said she would go and she _ go.A. didnt B. did C. really D. would4. It was the training _ he had as a young man _ made him such a good engineer.A. what; that B. that; what C. that; which D. which; that5. Were all three people in the car injured in the accident? No, _ only the two passengers who got hurt.A. there were B. it were C. there was D. it was6. It was not until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.A. then B. which C. that D. when7. _in 1943_the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.A. Only that B. It was then C. That it was when D. It was that8. It was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.A. that B. where C. when D. which9. _the 1500s_the first European explored the coast of California.A. It was untilthen B. It was not until whenC. It is untilthat D. It was not untilthat10. _in this room that our first meeting was held.A. Just when B. When C. Where D. It was11. It was last night _ I see the comet.A. the time B. when C. that D. which12. It was only with the help of the local guide _.A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescuedC. when the mountain climber was rescuedD. then the mountain climber was rescued13. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is14Was _ that I saw last night