2013湖南版英语一轮复习代词教案.doc

2013湖南版英语一轮复习：代词教案【趋势分析】近五年湖南高考语法填空代词的考查点仍集中在不定代词上，有时考1题，占1分。考查角度为：1考查它们在特定结构中的用法，如：anyone，both，neither，nothing等与从句相结合。2考查any，some，all，none，other，another等不定代词在特定语境中的意义和功能差别。3it，one，that，ones，those作替代词的用法区别。4it表时间、天气、距离等及it作形式主语、形式宾语。5each，every，any的用法。【小试牛刀】2012年高考全国英语试题语法分类汇编之代词1.【2012全国卷II】 Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A. herselfB. thisC. thatD. it【答案】D2.【2012四川】2. New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. that B. this C. one D. it 【答案】D3.【2012江西卷】23My brother would like to buy a good watch but was available from that shop.AnothingBnoneCno oneDneither答案：B考点：不定代词解析：nothing指物，什么都不是；none既可指人也可指物，强调“每一个”；no one只能指人；neither表两者都不，故此题选B。4.【2012重庆卷】21.-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? -_.Ill be off to London then. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None【答案】B不定代词用法【解析】根据答语“Ill be off to London then.”可知，约定的星期三或者星期五对John来说，都不行。在选项中B选项是“两者都不”之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为B选项。5.【2012辽宁】28. If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _ for me?A. one B. such C. this D. that【答案】A【考点】代词的用法【解析】根据句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份好吗？one作“一个”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用来代替上文提到过的paper。相当于a copy of paper.6【2012浙江】5. Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to _ of McDonalds.A. those B. one C. any D. all【答案】A7.【2012江苏】23. Sophia waited for a reply, but _ came.A. either B. another C. neither D. none【答案】D8.【2012陕西卷】13. No matter where he is, he makes _a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A. him B this C. that D. it 【答案与解析】D 考查代词。所填词做使役动词make的形式宾语，真正宾语是to go for a walk，选D。9【2012全国新课程】31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. either B. any C. neither D. none【答案】C 考查代词的用法【解析】根据句意可知，Bill和Peter两个人，所以其否定形式用neither。句意：Larry请求Bill和Peter一起和他去野餐，但他们两个都不想去，因为他们要工作。10【2012山东卷】21. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.A. whoeverB. whereverC. whatever D. however【答案】A【考点定位】考查代词的用法。【解析】此处whoever是代词，意为：任何人，无论谁。它作to的宾语。句意：你看完书后，把书给Lucy或Helen，或谁都行。【考点详解与高考例析】1.It 的用法1指代时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past two now.(指时间)现在是两点半。It is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.(指距离)离最近的医院是6英里。It is very cold in the room.(指温度)房间里很冷。A lovely day，isnt it？(指天气)好天气，是吗？2指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。Ive broken a plate.我打碎了一个盘子。It (Breaking the plate) doesnt matter.(指前面所提到过的事情)没关系。The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.(指双方都明白的事情)帕克一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作需要去做。3it 作先行代词代替不定式、v.-ing 形式、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。It felt funny watching myself on TV.(it 作形式主语，watching myself on TV是真正的主语)在电视上观看自己非常滑稽可笑。He didnt make it clear when and where the meeting would be held.他没有弄清楚何时何地举行会议。In my opinion，its no use arguing with him.依我看来，同他争论没用。4表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it，构成固定结构，这类动词有enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate等。Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.如果你教我如何使用电脑我感激不尽。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我讨厌人说话时满嘴食物。1. (2011北京卷,34）The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase A. them B. those C. it D. that答案：C解析：考查代词it的用法。句意为“由于当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。”it代指前面交代过的“the employment rate”，是单数，而them和those是复数。2. (2011天津卷,1）We feel our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one答案：A解析：考查代词it的用法。句意为“我们觉得将我们的国家变得更好是我们的职责。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place”。3. (2011山东卷,24) The two girls are so alike that strangers find _ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C. her D. that答案：A解析：考查it的用法。句意为“这两个女孩长得很相似，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。”it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to tell one from the other”。4.(2011江西卷25）Why dont you bring _ to his attention that youre too ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him答案：B解析：考查代词it作形式宾语的用法。句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作？”it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句。5.(2010全国卷)The doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.AthisBthat Cone Dit解析：句意为：医生认为度假对你有好处。本题考查代词it作形式主语。根据句意不定式短语to have a holiday 在宾语从句中作真正的主语，只有it 可作形式主语，故选D项。答案：D6 I would appreciate _，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.Ayou Bthis Cit Dmyself解析：考查代词。此处it 作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank 为插入语。答案：C7When _comes to saving energy，big changes start with small steps，like turning off the lights.Athat Bthis Cit Done解析：考查代词用法。when it comes to (doing)sth.是固定结构，表示“当涉及某事(或做某事)时”。句意为：当提到节能的时候，大变化从细微的行动开始，比如随手关灯。答案：C2.another, the other, other, others1another 指“任何一个”“再一”“另一”，作代词或形容词，用于三者或三者以上。I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt face another day like that.昨天一整天我感觉很糟糕，所以今天早晨我决定不能像那样面对另一天了。Please give me another ten minutes.请再给我十分钟。2the other 可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的“另一个”；也可修饰名词表示“另外的”。There are two pens on the table. One is blue，and the other is red.桌上有两支钢笔一只是蓝的，另一支是红的。3other 不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义。There are other ways to do this experiment.做这个实验还可以用别的方法。4others 只能单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物”，常与some 一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the others。Some people like to stay at home on Sunday，but others like to go to the cinema.星期天，一些人喜欢呆在家里，另一些人则喜欢去看电影。1. (2011陕西卷,16）Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? one? A.Other B.Every C.Another D.More答案：C解析：考查不定代词与数词的连用。句意为“亲爱的，可不可以到厨房里给我拿一块巧克力来？还要吃一块？”A.Other B.Every another 与数词连用时，数词放在another的后面，如another three chairs; other和more与数词连用时，数词放在它们的前面，如one more apple, two other boys。2.(2010全国卷)Neither side is prepared to talk to _unless we can smooth things over between them.Aothers Bthe other Canother Done other解析：句意为：除非我们能消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们两人都不打算和对方讲话。others 没有范围，指别人；another 没有范围，指另一个；the other 指两者中的另一方，根据关键词neither (两者都不)，答案选B项。答案：B3This young man is very clever；he may be _Edison.Athe one Bthe other Canother Done解析：考查代词。句意为：这个年轻人很聪明，他可能成为另一个爱迪生。another 另一个，这里是一种对比，强调这个年轻人的聪明。答案：C4 You are a team star！Working with _is really your cup of tea.Aboth Beither Cothers Dthe other解析：句意为：你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。本题考查代词。both 和either 指两者，首先被排除；the other 有范围限定，意为“其余的”，而题干中没有范围和数量限制，故也被排除。others 意为“其他的、另外的或别的人或事物”，符合题意要求，故为答案。sb.s cup of teawhat sb.likes，is interested in，etc.某人所喜爱、所关注的等。又如：Skiing isnt really my cup of tea.滑雪不算是我的嗜好。答案：C5 Ill spend half of my holiday practising English and _half learning drawing.Aanother Bthe other Cothers Dother解析：句意为：我准备把我假日时间的一半用来练习英语，另一半时间学习绘画。根据句意可知，假日的时间被分成两半，用(one) half.the other (half)表示“一半另一半”。another 表示没有具体限定的“另一个”；C项的所有格使用不正确；other另外的，其他的。答案：B3. all, both, either, neither, none, no one 和nobody1all 表示“(三者或三者以上)都”，指人或所有的物，看作复数；指抽象的概念，作“一切”讲，看作单数。I dont like all of the three books.Only one in particular has attracted my attention.这三本书我并非都喜欢，只有一本书吸引了我。2, 表示“(两者)都”。Both of them like popular songs.他们两人都喜欢流行歌曲。3either 表示“(两者中)任何一者”。There are shops on either side of the street.街道的每一边都有一些商店。4neither 表示“(两者)都不”。Because Henry and Mark had to work，neither of them came yesterday.因为Henry 和Mark 要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。5none作可数名词用时，指三者或三者以上，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可，作不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，在句中作主语或宾语，不作定语，不与名词连用。Wow！Youve got so many clothes.哇！你衣服真多啊！But none of them are in fashion now.但是现在没一件跟上潮流。6no one 和nobody 只指人不指物，其后不接of 短语，一般回答who 的提问。Charles was alone at home，with no one looking after him.查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。1. (2011辽宁卷,27) Would you like tea or coffee? , thank you. Ive just had some water.A. Either B. Both C. Any D. Neither答案：D解析：考查不定代词。句意为“你是想喝茶还是咖啡？谢谢你，都不想喝。我刚才已经喝了水了。”通过后面“Ive just had some water”可以判定是拒绝tea 和coffee。neither“两者中哪个都不”，其所指范围是两个人或物；either表示“两者中的任何一个”；both“两个都”，修饰可数名词，统指两者；any用于肯定句，作“任何的”解。2. (2011上海春招,26）They produced two reports, _ of which contained any useful suggestions.A. eitherB. allC. noneD. neither答案：D解析：考查不定代词的用法。句意为“他们提供了两份报告，没有一份报告含有任何有用的建议。”neither两个都不；either两者之一，但后半句里的“any useful suggestions”与否定连用；all与none指三个或三个以上，与前面的“two reports”不相一致。3.Which one can I take?You can take _of them；Ill keep none.Aboth Bany Ceither Dall解析：句意：我能拿哪一个？你可以全拿走，我一个也不留。根据Ill keep none.可知，有三个或三个以上的东西，而且可以全部拿走，所以选D。答案：D4How do you usually keep in touch with your friends，by email or letter?_.I use telephone only.ANone BNeither CAny DEither解析：考查不定代词。句意为“你通常是如何与朋友保持联系的，发邮件还是写信？都不是，我只用电话联系。”neither 表示“两者都不”，none 表示“三者(及以上)都不”，either 表示“两者中任一”，any 表示“三者(及以上)任一”，据语意选B项。答案：B5 There are two roads leading to the power station along the river. You can take _of the roads.Aeither Bboth Cneither Dall解析：考查代词的用法。句意为：沿着这条河有两条路通向那座发电站。你走两条路中的任何一条都可以到达。根据句意，这里应该是“两者选一”，故B、C和D项不正确。either 指“两者中的任意一个”。答案：A6 They all wanted to stop working because they were very tired，but _of them would say so.Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither解析：本题考查代词。句意为：他们都想停止工作，因为他们太累了，但是又没有人愿意说出来。根据all 可知他们指三者或三者以上，表示三者及三者以上的全部否定应该用none。答案：C7. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _of them again.Aneither BeitherCeach Dall解析：句意为：冲突中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的temper和health，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除D项；each 指两者或两者以上的每个，不合题意；题干中出现了never，故排除表否定的neither；never 与either 连用，表示全部否定，故为答案。答案：B4. it, that, one1it 意为“它”，特指前面提到的同一人或同一物。I like this house with a beautiful garden in front，but I dont have enough money to buy it.我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子，但是我没有足够的钱买它。2that 意为“那个”，指代那类人或事物，既可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词，也可以指代单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于the one。The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than that in the newspaper.网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播得要快得多。Few pleasures can equal that(the pleasure)of a cool drink on a hot day.没有一种快乐能等同于在炎热的天气里喝上一杯冷饮所带来的那种快乐。3one 意为“一个”，指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”。Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，one I will always treasure.多年后的那次和我叔叔见面真是一个令人难以忘记的时刻，我将永远珍惜这一刻。1. (2011福建卷,21）We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 答案：C解析：考查不定代词one的用法。句意为“在你们的假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣任选一个。”one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词”。这里泛指某个summer camp夏令营。2. (2011重庆卷,27）Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.What do you think of over there?A. the one B. this C.it D.that答案：D解析：考查指示代词的用法。句意为“我真傻！想不起来自己的行李是什么样子的。你看看那边的是不是你的？”指示代词that指时间与空间上较远的事物，over there交代了空间上的远距离。this指时间与空间上较近的事物，the one和it都特指前面曾经交代过的事物。3.The number 512 is a special number，_，I think，that will be remembered by the Chinese people forever.Awhat Bit Cwhich Done答案：D 解析：考查代词。该句中one指代前面提到的a special number，其实one 及其定语从句与前面的a special number 是同位语关系，I think 在句中可作插入语，所以选D项。4When I moved to a new community，I found it different from _I had stayed in before.Aone Bthat Cit Dthe one解析：考查代词。语意表示这个新社区与“我”先前住的那个社区不同，因为空处与前面的community 是同类事物，所以用one代指；同时空后有定语修饰，表特定指代，所以要加the，故选the one。答案：D5The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _in any other area of the city.Athat Bthis Cit Done解析：句意为：西安市中心的房租比这个城市其他地段的房租都贵。本题考查的是代词的指代。首先将此句改为：The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than the cost in any other area of the city.然后考虑用that 代替特指的不可数名词the cost。答案：A6Helping others is a habit，_you can learn even at an early age.Ait Bthat Cwhat Done解析：句意为：帮助他人是习惯，是一种甚至年幼时你就能学着养成的一种习惯。考查代词作同位语。设空处作a habit 的同位语。one 用来代替前面出现的泛指的单数名词a habit，以避免重复。答案：D7 The fact that she was foreign made_difficult for her to get a job in that country.Aso BmuchCthat Dit解析：句意为：她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。it 作make 的形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。答案：D5.Nothing, something没什么,没有东西,;没事短语nothing but只有；只不过；不过而已；仅仅Nothing shall deter us from doing what we think right.什么也阻止不了我们去做自己认为该做的事。Nothing but sorrow have I ever gained except when left freely to myself.除了当自由离我而去之外，我所获得的只有悲哀。anything but 表示：任何除了What about the film? Anything but interesting.12. (2011湖南卷,24）I knew that _ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. A. something B. anything C. everything D.nothing 答案：D解析：考查不定代词的用法。句意为“我知道没有什么能够阻止他；他决不会放弃做一名导演的念头。”根据后面“never give up”可知前面相应地也要用否定性的不定代词nothing。1.(2011全国卷II,11) I got this bicycle for ;My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing答案：D解析：考查复合不定代词的用法。句意为”我没花钱就得了这辆自行车；我的朋友买了一辆新车，就把这辆给了我。”根据后面“gave it to me”可判断没花钱，nothing表否定，for表示交换。2. (2011四川卷,3）There is in his words. We should have a try.A. something B. anything C.nothing D.everything答案：A解析：考查代词。句意为“他的话有些道理，我们应该试一试。”something 不简单的事,可观的成绩,有些地位的人。3Swimming is my favorite sport. There is_ _like swimming as a means of keeping fit.Asomething Banything Cnothing Deverything解析：句意为：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。本题考查不定代词。根据上文可知，空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词，所以C为答案。答案：C4 _in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.AAnything BNothingCEverything DSomething解析：句意为：我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次去参观故宫博物院。本题考查不定代词的用法。从题中so.as.搭配来看，设空处需要否定词，而nothing与比较结构连用，有“什么也不如”的含义。答案：B5 When you introduce me to Mr Johnson，could you please say _for me?Aeverything BanythingCsomething Dnothing解析：句意为：当你向约翰逊先生介绍我时，请为我说句好话，行吗？本题考查不定代词用法。由句意可先排除A、D两项；anything 常用于疑问句和否定句，而本句表请求，应该用something。答案：C代词专题训练教案1Have you finished all your exercises?Yes, _ is left. As a matter of fact, they are as easy as ABC.A. nothing B. not one C. none D. neither【答案】C2. For quite students,their teachers advice is more important than of their parents.A.few;one B.a little;some C.a few;that D.a lot;many【答案】C3. The schools Drama Association will be giving a big show tonight and two next week.AanotherBotherCelseDmore【答案】D4 They all wanted to stop working because they were very tired，but _ of them would say so.Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither解析：本题考查代词。句意：他们都想停止工作，因为他们太累了，但是又没有人愿意说出来。根据all可知他们指三者或三者以上，表示三者及三者以上的全部否定应该用none。 答案：C5 The Chinese government has made _ a goal to increase peasants income.Ait Bthis Cthat Done解析：考查代词it的用法。此句考查“动词it名词动词不定式”结构，其中it用作形式宾语，后面的动词不定式是真正的宾语。答案：A6What an amazing story! Its the most impressive story Ive ever read.But Im sure it wont interest _.Asomebody Beverybody Cnobody Danybody解析：not与every, each以及派生词everything, everybody等连用，构成部分否定。答语句意：但是我敢肯定它不会吸引每个人。 答案：B7 Lowcarbon lifestyle is of great benefit to improve the world environment. _ can be enjoyed from it until you have a deep understanding of it, however.ASomething BNothing CFew DMuch解析：考查代词的用法。句意：低碳生活方式对改善世界环境有巨大的好处。然而只有你深刻理解了才会从中得到享受。由此可以看出，应该选nothing。答案：B8 Last week, Japanese carmaker Toyota called in 1.8 million cars across Europe and _ 1.1 million in the US due to gas pedal(踏板) problem.Aother Bothers Cthe other Danother解析：考查不定代词用法。another表示“再，又”，符合句意。句意：由于油门踏板故障，日本汽车制造商Toyota于上周在欧洲市场召回了1 800 000辆汽车，在美国市场召回了1 100 000辆汽车。答案：D9Jack was once a common name, _， I think, that is seldom chosen nowadays.Ait Bwho Cone Dwhich解析：考查代词用法。句意：杰克是一个非常普通的名字，我想如今很少有人选择这样的一个名字。句中的one代指的是a common name，二者之间是同位语关系。“that is seldom chosen nowadays”是定语从句，修饰先行词one。本句中的“I think”是插入语。答案：C10Where have you spent this terms scholarship, Lucy?On a computer, _ on the desk over there.Athat Bthis Cone Dthe one解析：考查代词用法。问句询问对方把本学期的奖学金花在了什么地方，答话人回答说买了一台电脑，就是那边书桌上的那一台，因此是特指，用the one。答案：D11 Are you driving to the airport, sir? Id appreciate _ if you could give me a lift.Athat Byou Cthis Dit解析：句意：先生，你是开车去机场的吗？如果你能载我一程，我将非常感激。根据语意可知，it为形式宾语，代替真正的宾语if you could give me a lift。答案：D12May I ask for leave tomorrow?No, you cant. _ applying for the scholarship must be present.ASomeone BAnyone COne DNo one解析：考查人称代词的用法。anyone表示“任何人”，即任何申请奖学金的人都必须到场。答案：B13 Neither side would give in to _. As a result, the peace talk broke down with no agreement reached.Aother Banother Cthe other Dthe others解析：考查代词的用法。根据Neither可知，这里说的是两方，因此选the other，即双方互不相让。答案：C14 Bill is good at playing football，but when _ comes to basketball，he knows nothing.Ahe Bthat Cthis Dit解析：when it comes to sth.“当说到/涉及的时候”，是一个固定句型。句意：Bill擅长踢足球，但是说到篮球，他就一无所知了。答案：D15 We have made _ clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.Athis Bthat Cit Done解析：考查it的特殊用法。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that we are strongly against smoking in the offi