中学英语学科知识点梳理八年级.doc

中学英语学科知识点梳理八年级单元知识点课时知识点梳理人Unit1.How often do you exercise? 单元知识重点单词always , usually, often, sometimes ,hardly ever, never ,how often ,once twice three imes a week, every day, milk, junk fod, health ,unhealthy ,habit .The FirstPeriod词汇exercise, skateboard, hardly, ever, shop, once, twice, time, surf, internet, program. how often, on weekends, go to the movies, exercise, go skateboarding, always , usually , often , never , hardly ever , sometimes .邵梅枝师红霞语法一般现在时The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时表示现在的状态表示经常性或习惯性的动作表示主语具备的性格和能力等语法一般现在时The Simple Present Tense 一般现在时表示现在的状态，表示经常性或习惯性的动作表示主语具备的性格和能力等。功能What does she /he do on weekends ?She often goes to the movies .How often do you shop ?Once a week / Twice a week .话题Talk about how often do you do things The Second Period词汇high school, most, no, result, active, for as, for about, as for, for about语法频率副词的用法：always总是，强调百分之百；usually通常，弱于always；hardly几乎不，语气更弱；never从不。功能 How often do you shop?I shop once a month.How often does Cheng watch TV? He watches TV.话题Talk about activities and how often to each other The Third Period词汇junk food, milk, coffee, chips, cola, chocolate, drink, health, how many, interviewer. how many, be good for, be bad for, every day.点功能 hat do you usually do on weekends?How often do you eat vegetable?Most students do homework every day.语法倒装句的结构：当副词用于句首时，句子通常采取主谓倒装的结构。但是，当主语是代词时，则主谓不倒装。如：Here you are.Here comes the bus.功能How often do you drink milk, Liu Feng?How many hours do you sleep every night?She says its good for my health.话题Talk about how often they do things to keep healthy.The FourthPeriod词汇habit, try, lifestyle, grade, better, same, as, different, difference, maybe, although, for, keep, must.eating habits, look after, healthy lifestyle, unhealthy lifestyle, good grades.语法help的用法：帮助某人做某事help sb.do sth.= help sb.to do sth.=help sb.with sth.= help sb. with doing sth.话题My lifestyle or habitsTalk about how often you do things功能How often do you exercise? How often do you eat vegetables/fruit/junk food? How often do you drink milk/coffee/tea?How many hours do you sleep every day? 话题Talk about how to write a composition of ones habits.Unit 2 Whats the matter?单元知识1 重点词汇Have ,cold , back, arm, ear, eye, foot, hand, head, leg, mouth, neck, nose, tooth, fever, rest, should, shouldnt headache,ago so illness, thirsty, early, problem, way, traditional, believe, weak, angry, medicine, weastern, everybody, get, few, a few , stay, important, monent, late, until, yesterday, hear, matter, stomachache, sore, stomach, throat, toothache, honey, dentist,advice, stress crispy, cereal, cookie, balance, herb, diet,dear 重点短语Have a cold,Be stressed out,at the moment,Host family Lie down See a doctor,Drink lots of waterHot tea with honeyToo much Keep healthy , be good for, have a sore throatThe FirstPeriod词汇Matter, have, cold, have a cold, stomachache , sore, back, arm, ear, foot, hand, head, leg, mouth, neck, nose, stomach, tooth, throat, toothache, fever, rest, honey, dentist, should, hesdache, shouldnt 潘超语法知识 情态动词should和shouldnt的用法；You should go to bed.He shouldnt eat anything.She should see a dentist.语法情态动词should和shouldnt的用法功能Whats the matter?话题The Second Period词汇Ago so illness, advice, well 语法情态动词should和shouldnt的用法功能 I am not feeling well.When did it start ?About agoThats too bad.I hope you feel better soon. 话题询问病情The Third Period词汇Thirsty, stress, be stressed out, crispy, cereal, cookie, early, problem.listen to music, drink some milk, go to bed, eat an apple.点功能；谈论健康问题Whats the matter?I have a .He has a I am not feeling well.When did it start ?About agoThats too bad.I hope you feel better soon.Do you have a Yes ,I do.No, I didnt给出建议You should 语法情态动词should和shouldnt的用法功能 Whats the matter with you ?She is tired.She should 话题谈论健康问题The FourthPeriod词汇 Way traditional , believe, weak, herb, angry, medicine, western, everybody, get, a few, few, stay, important, balanced, diet. Give get, need believe , stay 语法情态动词should和shouldnt的用法话题谈论健康问题,并给出建议，看病功能It is adj. To do sth.话题保持健康的方法Unit 3 what are you doing for vacation ? 单元知识重点单词relaxing, visiting, spending time, babysitting, bike riding, sightseeing, fishing, take walks, rent, how long The FirstPeriod词汇Plan , camp, Tibet, Hongkong, send, postcard,camping, visiting grandmcther, spending time with friends,babysitting, rabaxing庞晓丹语法Present progressive as future现在进行时表示将来的用法现在进行时除表示现在外,还可表示将来,常有意图、安排或打算的含义。这种用法比较生动,给人一种期待感。它常表示最近或较近的将来,所使用的动词多是转移动词。Where, when, how long questions语法现在进行时表示将来.用be+v.-ing形式谈论将来计划.功能What are you doing for vacation ?Im babysitting my sister.话题以假期计划.假期打算做什么为话题.展开讨论.练习句型.The Second Period词汇bike, ride, fishing, rent,italy,famous,take a vacationbabysit at hom , visiting cousins , going to sports camp , going to the beach, on friday , on the 11th ,this weekend.语法用be+v.-ing形式谈论将来计划.功能What are you doing for vacation ?Im visiting my grandmother.Whats she doing fou vacation ?Shes doing camping ?话题以假期计划为话题.展开对话练习.增加第三人称做主语时的句型练习。The Third Period词汇leave, countryside, nature, forget, a lot, finish,Tibet Hong Kong , San Franciso ,Hawaiei How long , get back sports camp 点功能 What are you doing for vacation? Im spending time with my friendsWhen is she going? Shes going on Monday / on the 12th / next weekHow long is she staying?Shes staying just for four weeks语法用be+v.-ing形式来谈论将来计划。功能What are they doingfor vacation ?Where are they going ?How long are they staying ?话题以假期计划为话题.增加话题细节.如去多久How long 去哪里Where 进一步练习句型。 The FourthPeriod词汇go hiking, go bike riding, go sightseeing,take walks,go fishing, rent videos, think about, Greece, decide on, forget, return, Paris语法用be+v.-ing形式谈论将来计划.话题Talk about future plans /vacation plans功能What are they doing for vacaion?They aer relaxing at home .When are you going ?When is he going?How long are they staying?话题以“名人”的假期计划为话题。进一步练习句型，体会句型功能。为写此话题的作文做铺垫。Unit4.How do you get to school? 单元知识重点单词forty, fifty ninety, quick, worry, take, walk, minute,Shower, early,other, river, boat, more, than, ill, car重点短语get to, how far, depend on, by boat/bus/train, take the train/bus/.The FirstPeriod词汇subway, take the subway, train, take the train, ride a bike, take the bus, walk, take a taxi, forty，fifty，sixty，seventy，eighty， ninety，one hundred.赵玲语法一般现在时一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。（1）肯定句：主语+谓语动词+其他。（注意：当主语为第三人称单数的时候谓语动词后要加s或es. ）（2）否定句：主语+ dont（doesnt ） +动词原形+其他。（3）一般疑问句：助动词Do（Does）+主语+动词原形+其他+?（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+?语法1.表示乘什么交通工具时可以说： He takes the train . 他乘火车。take表示“乘坐” 还有表示交通方式时可以说： He gets to school by bus / train / plane或air / ship / car 2.Take + 冠词+ 交通工具=go to + 地点 + by + 交通工具I go to school by bus. = I take the bus to school.功能(1) A: Hey, Dave. How do you get to school? B: I walk. How about you, sally? A: I ride my bike.(2) A: How does Bob get to school? B: He takes the train.(3) I go to school by bus.话题Talk about how to get to school The Second Period词汇minute (hour, second), take sb some time to do sth; kilometer, how far, leave for, station, early, bus ride 语法1. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人某些时间去做某事2. It takes you half an hour to get to the hospital .leave for + 地点 动身去某地功能1. How do you get to school? Well, I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus. 2. How long does it take? It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus. 3. How far is it from your home to school? My home is about 10 kilometers from school.话题Talk about the ways of transportation,time and distanceThe Third Period词汇stop, transportation, bus stop, bus station, train station, subway station点功能 1. A:How do you get to school ? B: I get to school by bike.2. A:How far is it from your home to school? B: Its about 5 miles.3. A:How long does it take you to get from home to school ? B: It takes fifteen minutes. 语法What do you think of? 意为你认为怎么样? 等于 How do you like?功能How does Nina get to school?SheNext, sheThen, she话题Talk about the transportation.The FourthPeriod词汇north, North America, part, depend, depend on, river, boat, by boat, must, more, than, means, depend on, different fromon the school bus, number of students 语法depend on依靠；由.而定, 取决于；从属于；依赖其维持It all depends on how you tackle the problem.那要看你如何应付这问题而定。话题Talk about ways of transportation and distances功能In North America, most students go to school on the school bus.It depends on where you are.话题Talk about how to write a composition about the ways of the transportation.Unit 5Can you come to my party?单元知识2 重点词汇名词：lesson concert calendar tomorrow weekday invitation training chemistry project match 形容词：another American whole free副词：over连词：till代词：whom 重点短语1.play soccer 踢足球 2.baseball game 棒球比赛 3.go to the doctor 去看医生 4.have a piano lesson 有一节钢琴课5.school team 校队6.come over to 顺便来访7.the day after tomorrow 后天8.study for a test 学习备考The FirstPeriod词汇Have a piano lesson go to the doctorStudy for a test help my parents visit my aunt崔丽君王西娟 语法知识 Can的用法 can是一个情态动词，经常用来表示请求、允许、能力、推测等。Can本身具有一定的含义，但不能独立做谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语。Can无人称和数的变化，其后跟动词原形。否定形式为cant或cannot，变疑问句时要将Can提到主语前。语法如何邀请别人“Can you come to ?”以及对邀请的回答。功能Can you come to my party?Sure, Id love to.Sorry ,I cant . I have a piano lesson.话题Talking about how to invite.The Second Period词汇Go to the movies too much another time go to a party Birthday party have fun for whom 语法Have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩的开心Too much 太多Thanks for +Ving 为了。而感谢Another 不确定数目中的另一个 another time 下一次功能Can she go to the movies?No,she cant.Shes playing soccer.Can he go to the baseball game?No, he cant. He has to study.Can they go to the concert?No, they cant. They are going to a party.Maybe another time.Thanks for asking.Its a birthday！Come and have fun!Come and join us!话题学会邀请别人学会写邀请卡。The Third Period词汇Tomorrow the day after tomorrow weekdayBabysit his sister play tennis with me点功能Can you come to my party?Whats today?Thank you for the invitation to visit next week.语法Whats today? 是对日期和星期一起提问。功能 Whats today?Its Monday the 14th.话题学会用 Whats today 来提问日期。The FourthPeriod词汇Go to the dentist have tennis trainning school teamOn_ morning write soon 语法Have to 必须，不得不 后跟动词原形。Be +Ving 表示一般将来时Thanks for +Ving 为了。而感谢。话题情态动词can提出邀请，以及接受或婉拒。功能Thanks a lot for the invitation. Im sorry I cant visit next week.Write soon.I have to I am going to 话题学会拒绝别人的邀请并能写出自己的日程安排。Unit 6 Im more outgoi-ng than my sister.单元知识1. 重点词汇Note, mean, as, way, both, physics, however, haugh, for, interest, though, necessary, care, friendship, information修饰性格外貌等的形容词：Outgoing, calm, wild, serious, athletic, funny, quiet, smart, big 2. 重点短语动词短语：look the same, look different, be good at, make me laugh, be good with, 名词短语：photos of me 介词短语：in some ways, more than, in common, asas, the same as,The FirstPeriod词汇Outgoing, twin, calm, wildOpposite words:tallshort,thinheavy,calmwild,long hairshort hair. 贾佳语法形容词比较级：1， 概念：表示两种事物的比较。常用的句型有：形容词的比较级 + than + 比较对象。2， 形容词比较级的构成（1） 一般直接在词尾加er（2） 以e结尾，在词尾加r（3） 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加er（4） 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变i再加er（5） 多音节和部分双音节词，前面加more构成比较级语法知识: 形容词和副词的比较级的变化规则 形容词和副词的比较级的应用：形容词的比较级 + than + 比较对象。3同级比较：as + 形容词的原形+ as;The same as语法( 6 ) 某些形容词的比较级的变化是不规则的，如：good/wellbetter, bad/badly/illworse, many/muchmore, littleless, farfarther/further 功能Is that Tara?No,it isnt. Its Tina.Tara is shorter than Tina.话题谈论日常生活中的朋友或亲人的性格等特点，并进行比较。The Second Period词汇Serious, athletic, note, mean, as, way, both, hers, physics, however, more than, in common, be good at语法形容词的比较级及应用和同级比较功能Lin Ping is my friend. Shes a little more outgoing than me .My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet.Do you look the same? No, Im a little taller than her.话题通过信件的形式介绍双胞胎姐妹的性格爱好的相同点和不同点，两个人在各方面进行比较。The Third Period词汇Schoolwork, laugh, for点功能Tara is funnier than Tina.Im a little taller than her.Tom is more athletic than Sam.He has shorter hair than Paul.语法形容词的比较级中的省略部分同级比较功能I think a good friend makes me laugh.For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.Thats not very important for meHollys best friend is funnier than she is.话题谈论人们的择友观点The FourthPeriod词汇View, interest, though, necessary, beat, care, friendship, primary, primary school, information语法形容词的比较级的其它用法话题Talking about personal traits;Compare people 功能I like to have friends who are like me.Its necessary to be the same.I dont really care.Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose ?话题 谈论个人的择友观；从招聘广告中比较谁更应该得到工作Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?单元知识词汇名词：shake milk shake blender yogurt ingredient cup watermelon teaspoon amount instruction popcorn popper salt sandwich bread butter relish lettuce turkey slice top recipe duck sauce pancake动词： cut peel pour mix boil add check roll短语cut up, turn on, pourinto , mix up ,addto, green onion ,The FirstPeriod词汇1、turn on/ off /up/ down 打开/关闭/（音量）调大/（音量）调低 2.put in/ into 3.pourinto 4. cut up 切碎 5. make a banana milk shake 制作香蕉奶昔毛红霞语法: 可数名词与不可数名词。2 .How many 与 How much 对名词的数量进行提问。语法1. 祈使句：肯定形式是以动词原形开头。否定形式是在前面加上dont 构成。如：Sit down, please! Please dont sit down!功能How do you make a banana milk shake? 1.peel three bananas. 2. Cup up the bananas. 3.Put the bananas and ice cream into the blender. 4.Pour the milk into the blender. 5.Turn on the blender. 6.drink the milk shake.话题学会描述制作奶昔的过程。 The Second Period词汇1.make fruit salad 2.How many +可数名词复数，How much +不可数名词 3.How to do sth. 如何做某事4.mix up 5. addto6.a cup of 7. two teaspoons of语法1.区分可数名词与不可数名词及量的表达方法。2.How many 与 How much 对名词量的提问方法。 3.恰当的使用副词First, Next,Then,Finally描述一件事情的先后顺序。功能1. How many bananas do we need?We need three bananas. 2.How much yogurt do we need? We need one cup of yogurt .3. First, Next,Then,Finally 话题学会描述制作食物的过程。 The Third Period词汇1. a slice of bread two slices of bread 2.a teaspoon of honey two teaspoons of honey 3. a recipe for 点功能：How do you make a banana milk shake? How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?语法1.可数名词与不可数名词。2.How many 与How much 3. First, Next,Then,Finally功能First, put some relish on a slice of bread. How much relish? About a teaspoon. 话题谈论自己喜爱的事物，学会写菜谱。 The FourthPeriod词汇1. need some help 2.need to do sth.3 check 4.green onion 5.roll the pancake 语法1. need 的用法：作实义动词，表示“要”，“需要”，后跟名词、代词和动词不定式。如：I need some help. Need 也可用作情态动词，也表示“需要”，如：Need I finish it today? You neednt talk so loud .话题：如何制作一些简单的菜肴、饮料。功能I need some help. Can you cut up the tomatoes, please?You need to put the