九年级饮食(FoodandDrink)话题专项复习(鲁教版).doc

饮食（FoodandDrink）话题专项复习有关话题内容：饮食话题是学生们最感兴趣的话题之一。他与人们的日常生活息息相关。拥有很大发挥和施展的空间。各国间文化和“饮食”习惯上的差异会引起学生们极大的兴趣和求知欲。只要老师引导得好，可设计许多的内容。同时“饮食”话题也是初中阶段必会的以及各类考试中经常涉及的重要话题之一。在掌握了各类食物、饮料的名称之后，还应当了解饭桌上的礼节与习惯表达，当你应邀去朋友家做客时，你一定希望自己在席间能对主人的殷勤款待应付自如；同时如果你是主人时，你也一定希望自己的款待能使你的客人满意。因此你必须熟练地掌握席间交际用语；当你去外国人的家做客时，你还必须知道中西方文化在请客吃饭或饮食方面的差异。这个话题的主要内容有： a. Meat b. Soups c. Vegetables d. Staple food (rice, bread, noodles, cake) e. Drinks f. Fast foods g. Snacks (ice cream, chips, etc.) h. Eating customs (ways of eating, kinds of food, times to eat, table manners, chopsticks, knife, fork) i. Ordering and offering different foods and drinks j. Likes and dislikes (favorite food, favorite drinks, etc.)1. 有关饮食方面的常用句型有： 1）饭桌交际用语；A: What would you like to have/eat? 你想吃点什么？B: Id like some chicken./Id love some chicken/Id like to have(eat) some chicken.我想吃点鸡肉。A: Help yourself to the chicken. 请随便吃点鸡肉。/B: Thank you. It is nice /delicious/unusual. 谢谢。味道很好/很美/很有特色。A: Would you like some more chicken? Do you want some more chicken? / Would you like some more chicken to eat (have)? / Have some chicken, please? 不想再来点鸡肉吗？B: No more, thank you/ No, I wont have any more, thank you.（Im full, thank you/ Thank you, I have had enough.）不要了，谢谢。A: What (how) about some tea? / Would you like some tea to drink?喝点茶，吗？B: Yes, please. Just a little.好的，只要一点点。 2）餐馆交际用语； a). Can I have the table by the window? 我们可以坐在窗边的那张桌子吗？b). Is it possible to have dinner now? 现在可以就餐了吗？ c). Are you ready to order? Sir. 您准备点菜了吗？先生？ d). Anything to drink? 喝什么饮料？ e). Do you want any soup? 要汤吗？/ Anything cold? 有凉菜吗？ f). What kind of fish do you prefer? 你喜欢哪种鱼？ g) Show me the menu, please. 请把菜单给我看看。 h). I think Ill start with the soup. 我想我开始先来份汤。 i). Dont go easy on the garlic. 不要放太多的大蒜。 j). Im sorry, but Im really full up. 对不起，我真的吃饱了。 k). Its very nice, but I dont think I should. 这非常可口不过我想我不该再吃了。 l). Give me the bill, please. 请把帐单给我。 m). Im going to pay, waiter! 我来付，服务员！ n) A: Whats on todays menu?今天菜单上有什么菜？B: There is porridge, steamed bread, steamed rice, beans, and salted vegetables for breakfast. And for lunch were going to have fried noodles, meat, fish, bean curd, eggs and many others.早饭有稀饭，馒头，蒸米饭，豆和咸菜。午饭供应炒面，肉，鱼，豆腐，鸡蛋和其它的菜。3). 注意以下功能句：(A)表示该干什么了: Its time for （supper）. (B)表示“渴了”“饿了”: Im thirsty. Im hungry. (C)表示怎么样： What about something to drink / eat?. (D)表示早餐/中餐/晚餐吃什么: What do you have for breakfast/ lunch/ supper? What would you like for supper? What does your friend have for breakfast? What would your friend like for supper? (E)表示想要什么：What would you like? Id like a bottle of apple juice. Would you like something to drink? Oh, yes. (F)表示提供帮助和建议：Can I help you, madam? Yes, I want some rice. Do you have any ice cream? (G)喜欢，不喜欢：Whats your favorite food? My favorite food is rice. What would you like to have/eat? Id like -. Do you like drinking milk? Yes, I do. Which do you like better coffee or tea?2 及这个话题常用的文体有：议论文，书信，邀请函，介绍性说明文，常用时态有：一般现在时，一般将来时，一般过去时等。一 口语交际用语教学建议本话题的口语训练包括三个项目：（l）人物与想要的东西；（2）在实际情景中（如商店，餐馆，家里）谈论饮食；（3）在餐馆就餐交际对话。关于食品的话题是最常用的情景对话之一。如此重要的话题老师应在课堂设计上多下功夫。可多联系实际，模仿真实的场景。根据本话题的内容可以创设一定的情景（安排实物，讲桌当柜台），让学生按实际的爱好和意愿购买“柜台”上的饮食，进行口语训练。二 阅读材料What is a healthy diet?A: Do you want to say something about food and drink? B: Yes, I particularly want to talk about a healthy diet. If one wants to work well in his profession he should enjoy good health. Eating is very important for ones health. But you should know what should be eaten and what should not be eaten. Every person needs water and a diet of healthy foods. These foods should contain some fat, some fibre, a little salt and so on. People need energy to live. They eat different kinds of foods which change into energy. The energy is measured in calories. Even when you are asleep, you are using energy-about 65 calories an hour. While you are at school, or walking home, your body is burning up 100 calories an hour. When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour. On sports Day, during the relay race, you will use most of all, perhaps as much as 650 calories an hour. A: I think the Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It contains a lot of fruit and green vegetables. B: Yes, it is rich in fibre and low in sugar and fat. The Chinese eat less sugar than many other countries in the world. That is why lots of people in China have healthy white teeth. In England, the most popular food is fish and chops. Sometimes people cook this food at home, but usually they go to a fish and chip shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. Sometimes they eat it in the park or on the roads. This “take-away food”is very popular, not only in England, but also in many other countries. People in the western world do not eat such healthy foods as in China. They eat too much fat and sugar and dont take enough exercises. Because of this, they put on weight very easily. Their diet contains a lot of fat in the form of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate. They eat a lot of sugar in the form of cakes, soft drinks, sweets and so on. The result is that many of them become fat. And some have bad teeth. In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, by the age of thirty, has no teeth left! A: But now in China many young people like to have western food. Even young couples regard it a special treatment for their children to dine in a western restaurant. B: Yes, I think western food is too expensive. The foods in hamburger restaurants are high in fat, sugar and salt. All these things are eaten a lot in the West. They are not a healthy diet. As a result, many westerners die at an early age from heart illnesses. Many of them have weight problems. They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating. Look at a cup of Coca Cola. There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar. Sugar is not a necessary part of a healthy diet.”. Chinese food A: Confucius once said: Eating is the most important part of life. And Chinese food is the important part in Chinese culture. Could you say something about Chinese food? B: OK. There are various kinds of Chinese food that differs greatly from region to region. One interesting thing about traveling in China is to try out different food. Food is a central part of the Chinese culture, as you said just now. Chinese way of cooking is one of the greatest methods of cooking. Many elements have influenced its development. The Chinese people enjoy eating good food at all levels of society. A delightful and delicious meal creates happiness, harmony, mental and physical well-being. Thats why you can find restaurants everywhere in China. A: And there are Chinese restaurants in every corner of the world. B: Chinese food in western countries is usually quite westernized. The dishes are cooked to the taste of the westerners. They are not traditional Chinese food. If one wants to know Chinese food, he should come to China. A: I find that foreigners hesitate to eat many things in Chinese food. What the reason for that? Why many things that are thrown away in western countries can be eaten in China? B: Hunger and hardship played a large role in the development of Chinese cooking. There has been a large population in China. For thousands of years China has suffered from poor harvests. People would cook everything eatable to stay alive. Many strange and unbelievable things such as wood ears, sea cucumbers, tree leaves, etc. were discovered and added to Chinese food. The lack of food also taught people how to avoid waste. A: It is said that Chinese food is healthier and tasteful. B: Thats true. Most Chinese dishes are cooked with meat and vegetables together, so the foods are less rich than Western style food. Vegetables stay bright by cooking them for a short time over high heat, either in their own juice or in a small amount of water. Thats why the dishes look colourful. A: You said that Chinese food differs from region to region. Could you say some kinds of it? B: OK. Beijing food is the most famous food of China, particularly known for Beijing Duck. It is because the Imperial cooking was based out of there. The northern part of China has a cold climate unsuitable to grow rice, so Northern Chinese eat more bread than those in the south.Guangdong food is typically steamed or boiled. It is a very healthy food since it uses less oil. Most of Guangdong food is cooked with seafood, pork, chicken and vegetables, but it could include almost anything. Sichuan food is another kind of Chinese food. It is a very hot food. Many Sichuan dishes are prepared using chili pepper oil, which gives a special taste to the food. The most famous Sichuan dish is the Gongbao chicken, fried with peanuts and chili pepper. Dongbei food is another kind which usually is in great quantity in a big bowl.We have many other kinds. To know it well the best way is to go to the restaurants in China.三范文：1.根据提示写出How to be a polite guest for an American Dinner Party.提示：1.Buy a small gift 2.Be on time 3.Praise your host(男主人)or hostess(女主人) for the meal. 4.Dont stay too long! 5.Say thank you. How to Be a Polite Guest for an American Dinner PartyBeing a polite guest of an American dinner party, you should follow those things. First, you should buy a small gift such as flowers or wine for your host or hostess, because flowers stand for warm friend-ship. Second, arrive on time. If the dinnertime is 7:00, dont arrive before 6:30 or after 7:30 without calling. Third, during dinner, be sure to praise your host or hostess for their dishes, such as “Its nice.” “Very delicious.” “I like it very much.” etc. After you finish eating, you shouldnt stay too long. Finally, thank your host or hostess for the dinner when you leave.点评：本文作者对西方文化有比较透彻的了解，因而能准确地理解画面并恰到好处地运用提示内容。非常清楚、简洁并且有条理地介绍怎样做客，语言地道，表达流畅。2. 当今节食的人越来越多，节食可以防止肥胖，避免许多由于肥胖带来的不便和疾病。同时节食让人以健康的方式进食。除了这些好处外，节食可以让许多年轻女孩苗条。然而过度节食也是相当有害的，有些女孩为了有漂亮的身材，常常过度节食，甚至不管自己的健康状况。这种做法往往有损健康。结合以上内容，谈谈自己对节食的看法，写一篇120词左右的短文。Today, there are more and more people going on a diet. It keeps people from growing too fat and saves them from many inconveniences and diseases related to being overweight. At the same time, it provides people with sufficient nutrition to keep them in a fit condition. Besides its good effect on peoples health, going on a diet can also help many young girls become slim and be able to look good in the latest fashions.However, if carried too far, going on a diet could become extremely dangerous. Some young girls risk their lives to lose weight because they are eager to have a beautiful figure. The risk can damage their health and even can be life threatening.On the whole, being on diet has its positive effects, it also has its bad side-effects. The proper way on diet is to put your health first. If it is good for your health, stick to it, if not, just give it up.范文点评：本文观点正确，论证有力；采用了对比手法，说服力强；Today, there are more and more people going on a diet.直接点题，为引出下文做好铺垫。if carried too fat省略运用恰当。On the whole起承上启下的作用。本文正确运用了较多较为复杂的句型结构，值得学习。3以“Bread in China”为题，写一篇短文。（字数100左右）提示：1 面包是从欧洲传到中国的。2 欧洲人教中国人用许多不同的方法制作面包。 3 制作面包的原料是面粉，奶酪，鸡蛋，水等等。4 随着时间的流逝中国人逐渐喜欢上了这种方便（convenient）而又营养丰富的（nutritious）食品。 bakery面包房 mobile流动车 Bread in ChinaBread was brought to China from Europe. The Europeans taught the Chinese to prepare bread in many different ways. But bread is mostly made of flour. The flour is mixed with cream, eggs, water and other things, and then made into bread. As time went on, the Chinese liked this convenient and nutrient food. There were more and more customers in the bakeries; there was not enough room for so many people. So mobile bakeries began to appear in the streets. Today, bread is so popular in China that most of the owners in the bakeries are Chinese.范文点评：这篇短文严格按提示要求以极简洁的文字，简约的篇幅介绍了面包如何传入中国，如何制作，以及又是如何在中国流行。是一篇较为准确、有水准的翻译作品。4以Different people, different diet.为题写一篇短文，比较不同地区人们的饮食习惯。in the southeastin the northeastin the westin the southwestrice, soup, fish, meat with vegetables, fruit, green tea，sugarpork, steamed bread, beancurd, noodles stew, pickle (酸菜)noodles, meat, beef, strong wine, black teavegetablesrice, vegetables, wine, sausages, cooked hotsmoked meat, spicyFood in China is prepared differently from place to place and the most popular ones are Sichuan food and Canton food. People in the southeast prefer rice, meat with vegetables, fish and soup. They have formed the custom of drinking soup before meals and like to put sugar in the dishes while people in the north hate sugar in dishes. The most popular food in the northeast is pork stewed with beancurd, cabbage, bean noodles or pickled cabbage. They also eat steamed bread and noodles often. People in the west like noodles most and often cook meat, like beef and mutton in big pieces and serve on big plate with strong wine. They prefer black tea. Food in the southwest is spicy and hot. For example, hot pot is very popular all over China now. They also like smoked meat and sausages.三写作实践1组词成句：按照示例完成下列对话；please, have, some chicken, I, have, enough, thank youA: Have some chicken, please.B: Thank you, I have had enough1).I, can, you, get, a cup of tea, just, a littleA:_B:_2). what about, have drink, good idea,A: _B: _3). what, you, would like, to eat, I, two eggs, a glass of milk, pleaseA: _B: _4). please, help, yourself, to, some fish, just, a little, pleaseA: _B: _5). you, would like, more, some , bread, I, be full, thank you,A: _B: _2. Answer the following questions回答下列问题，写成文段 1） Can you cook any food? Whats it? Can you write down how you cook this food? 2） Do you know how to make tea？ If you dont， ask your mother and write it down. 3) Have you ever had any western food? How do you like it? Why? If not, whats your favorite Chinese food？ Can you prepare it by yourself? _3. 命题作文: 谈谈你对饮食习惯的看法。4. 思维拓展作文题Chinese food is healthy/ delicious/ good The difference between Chinese food and western food Ive learned to make stir-fried egg/ rice/ vegetables/ meat I love beef noodle soup Can you find beef in beef noodle soup Hot pot is very popular here What is fast food Children like western fast food Why the western fast food is so popular in China Chinese people cant do witho