陈韦2013年高考第二轮复习英语多项选择题题型技法指导.doc

2013年高考第二轮复习英语多项选择题 题型技法指导考纲解读高考英语湖北卷中“词汇知识运用”部分的第一节名称是“多项选择”。无论是单项填空还是多项选择都是从多个选项中选择唯一正确的答案，只是称呼不同而已。该部分考查考纲要求考生掌握的词汇的基本含义和用法(包括每年湖北的新增词汇)。2012年是湖北新课改的第一年，因此2012年的高考英语试题在一定程度上反映了命题人对课改之后高考英语命题走向的要求。命题分析分析比较湖北高考多项选择题部分，不难发现以下特点：(1)考查内容。从2009至2012年高考英语湖北卷的“多项选择”试题看，特别是对名词、动词、动词短语、形容词和副词等的词义的考查难度较高、试题经常会涉及常见词汇的不常见含义、比较生僻的考纲词汇、含义相近或词形相近的词汇的辨析等。 (2)考查方式。湖北“多项选择”试题考查的方式较少涉及同义词或近义词的辨析，在透彻理解语境的前提下，考查的重点在于选择符合语境意义表达的最佳词义。在此意义上，可以说湖北“多项选择”试题其实就是“小语境”的完形填空。当然，除了意义上的辨析选择之外，对于词的搭配、词性的活用和一词多义现象也偶有涉及。比如： 2009年考查词性转移(名词动化)shelter“庇护”；2012年考查polish词义引申(本意为“擦亮，磨光”，引申义为“推敲，润色”。)等。 (3)选项特点。所给选项的表现形式一致，四个选项的词性整齐划一，要么都是名词、形容词、副词，要么都是谓语动词、介词短语等，词性之间不相互交叉。试题选项大部分是平时其他考区较少出现的词汇，有些词汇比较生僻或不太常见，但这些词汇都是考纲词汇或湖北考区近年来的考试说明中的补充词汇。比如：2011年考查增补词汇negotiate；2012年考查增补词汇tentatively、subtle等 。因此湖北卷该部分对考生的词汇知识和理解能力提出了较高的要求，考题难度明显高于其他考区。 (4)题干特点。湖北卷多项选择试题的题干较长，有丰富的语境提示。有的题干甚至超出了20字以上。题干的语言颇具特色，具有较强的时代感、浓厚的生活气息和较强的现实指导意义，体现了英语的实用与交际功能。比如：2010年B卷第22题关于“地震”的话题，2011年29题关于“控制物价上涨”的话题等。 应试点睛一、建立词汇概念，勤于总结与归纳。在备考中要对考纲词汇以及课本基础知识进行地毯式扫描，在脑海中建立一个完整的词汇知识体系。其内容包括：词语意义、同义词和近义词的辨析、反义词、词组及其固定搭配等。要特别重视高频词以及多义词汇的学习积累，比如：get, turn, take, put, go, give break, come, keep, bring 等，像take就有take up，take off，take on，take in，take over等搭配，此外，在学习中，除了注重词汇基本意义的学习外，还要重视不同语境下词的意义和词性的转化。二、规律词汇考点，尊重教材和考纲。湖北多项选择题在英语词汇考核方面既强调基础性，又突出实用性和交际性。细看湖北卷近3年的多项选择，试题中的考点都为教材中(尤其是第三册)常见的词汇，答案选项没有一个是超纲或超教材的。因此我们平时在备考中，练习时要忠实于教材，狠抓基础专题一名 词专题导读在湖北高考试题中，除了在完形填空中大量考查名词用法外，在多项选择题中每年也总有12个考查名词的试题。高考对名词的考查主要包括：考查名词词义辨析和习惯搭配。高考对名词的“旧词新意”和“名词动化”现象作为独立的考试形式也偶有涉及(如：shelter n遮蔽物，庇护处，避难处，遮蔽，庇护；湖北高考考查其动化意义：v. 掩蔽，躲避，保护)，而在阅读理解试题中这种隐形的考查方式更为常见。在学习的过程中要善于查阅英文字典，尽可能多地去了解和积累常见单词的新意项，在阅读中加强对词的理解和领悟。12012湖北卷 The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa. Apattern Bprocedure Cprogram Dperspective【解析】 B考查名词词义辨析。句意：那位官员坚称Michael没有遵循申请护照的正确程序。procedure(步骤，程序)为最佳答案。pattern模式，花样，样式；program程序，节目，计划；perspective观点，态度，透视法，景观。procedure和program均可表示“程序”，但procedure一般指办事的程序和步骤，而program则多指活动或计算机运行程序。该处应该指的是申请护照的正确程序。22012湖北卷 It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _. Asymptom Bsimilarity Csample Dshadow【解析】 A考查名词词义辨析。句意：定期检查眼睛以便查清可能没有产生任何(不适)症状的眼疾是很重要的。symptom(症状)为最佳答案。similarity相似性；sample样品；shadow阴影，都不符合句意。32011湖北卷 “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with _ clearly in her voice.A. anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic解析 D考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声叫喊，嗓音里夹杂着一种惊慌。根据语境可知答案为D项，with panic意为“惊慌地”。rudeness粗鲁；anger生气；regret后悔，遗憾。4.2011湖北卷 Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big_， but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. Aproject Bcommitment Ccompetition Dambition【解析】 B考查名词词义辨析。句意：放弃我的工作回去接受全职教育是一个艰巨的付出，但现在我知道这是我有生以来做出的最好的决定。a big commitment意为“一个艰巨的付出”，此处是指“决意要回到全职的教育工作中去”。其他选项均不合语境。52010湖北卷 This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A. division B. area C. range D. circle 【解析】C考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型的人群。“a range of ”强调一个系列，而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”，符合题意。专题二 动 词专题导读动词考查面广、灵活度强，是高考试卷的热点，也是湖北卷的必考点。每年全国各地高考试题有关核心词汇的考查达几十个题，而湖北卷一般为2个题。湖北多项选择试题对动词的考查有如下特点：(1)主要考查动词的词义辨析，但较少涉及动词的近义词词义辨析；(2)考查内容包括常见动词的常见意义，一词多义，以及词类转换和词义拓展。湖北卷对动词的考查难度在逐渐增大，学习时要注意对高考词汇表中常见动词的多种意义加以巩固，并学会利用语境展开适当的联想，注意词义和词性在不同语境下的迁变。12012湖北卷 Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and _ every page of my draft. Aapproved Bquoted Cpolished Dfolded 【解析】 C考查动词词义辨析。题空处意为：导师给我的论文草稿每一页都修改、润色了。polish 润色，修改；approve赞成，同意；quote引用，引证；fold折叠，A、B、D三项均不符合题意。2. 2012湖北卷 Two lawyers have donated $50000 to _ our schools campaign “Help the Needy”，which was started by our headmaster three years ago.A. sponsor B. launch C. organize D. plan【解析】 A考查动词词义辨析。句意为两位律师捐赠了50000美元赞助我校“帮助贫困生”活动.A项意为”赞助”，B项意为“发射，开办”,C项意为”组织”，D项意为“计划”，根据句意可知A项正确。3.2011湖北卷 Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also_ our thinking. Adirect Blimit CChange Dimprove【解析】 B考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们想要成功，知识和学习都是重要的，但是，它们也许也会限制我们的思维。direct指导，引导；change改变，变化；improve提高，改善。根据语境只有B项“限制”符合语义表达。4.2011湖北卷 The minister said，“We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.” Anegotiate Bquarrel Cargue Dconsult【解析】 A考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个部长说，我们已经做好和那些合法党派进行讨论的准备了，但是我们是永远不会和那些犯罪的人谈判的。quarrel吵架，争吵；argue讨论，辩论，争辩；consult咨询，查阅。根据语境只有A项“谈判；协商”符合语义表达。5.2011湖北卷 Clinical evidence began to_， suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. Aoperate Bstrengthen Capprove Daccumulate【解析】 D考查动词词义辨析。句意：临床证据开始增多，而这些证据表明，与之前在动物身上进行试验的预期(的效果)相比，这种新药可适用于更加广泛的有益的活动。strengthen加强；approve赞成；operate动手术，操作。根据语境只有D项“积累”符合语义表达。6.2011全国卷 William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to_. Adisappear B. fall Cfail Ddamage【解析】 C考查动词词义辨析。fail在这里表示“衰退”。B有一定干扰性，fall一般指“下降”，而从was beginning to表示“逐渐”来看，我们可以排除B。专题三动词短语专题导读湖北高考英语多项选择试题对动词短语的考查平均每年都有12个题，2010和2011年只有一个题。此类试题有如下特点：(1)只考查短语的含义，不考查语法的变化；(2)答案选项的表现形式日趋复杂化和多样性，无明显的规律和特征。主要包括三种形态：以动词为词源，展开介词或副词的变化；以介词或副词为词源，展开动词的变化；动词与介词、副词交叉搭配。其中，第三种设题方式渐趋热点。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词的考查，出现频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。在备考过程中要注意对动词短语进行归纳、比较，熟练掌握常见动词短语的基本含义以及转换意义。12012湖北卷 Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to _ his courage. Ahold up Bkeep up Cset up Dtake up【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“这个男孩独自走在黑暗中，吹着口哨以保持(继续)前进的勇气”，所以最佳答案为B(保持，使不低落)。hold up举起，支撑，使停顿；set up建立；take up拿起，占用，开始做，从事；A、C、D三项均不符合题意。22012湖北卷 Im so glad youve come here to _ this matter in person. Alead to Bsee to Cturn to Drefer to【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。句意：很高兴您能亲自来这里处理这件事情。所以最佳答案为B(处理，料理)。lead to 导致，通向；turn to转向，求助于；refer to查阅，谈论，提及，均不符合题意。32011湖北卷 The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格，以保持市场的稳定。tear down拆除；hand down传递，流传；take down拆卸，记录。根据语境只有B项“使降低”符合句意。42010湖北卷 Had she_ her promise, she would have made it to Yale University. A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with 【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。look up to抬头看，尊重；keep up with跟上；come up with想出；提出。只有live up to“履行，实行”符合题意。5.2011全国卷 I can_ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. Acome up with Bput up with Cturn toDstick to【解析】 B考查动词短语辨析。说话人表达的是“我可以忍受房子不整洁，但是”。put up with在这里的意思是“忍受”。come up with想出；turn to转向，求助于，翻到；stick to坚持。62012课标全国卷 Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says.Aput out Bput down Cput away Dput together 【解析】B考查动词短语辨析。put out熄灭； put down记下，写下；put away收拾，放好；put together放在一起。句意：玛丽非常擅长在课上记笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每个词都写下来。72012全国卷 We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.Aset about Bset up Cset out Dset down 【解析】 C考查动词短语辨析。 根据句意空白处表示“开始做某事”，用set out to do sth。 set about与其意义相同，但是后面跟动名词形式；set up建立；set down 写下，记下。专题四形容词与副词专题导读湖北卷多项选择对形容词和副词的考查主要是词义辨析和选择，不包括形容词与副词其他方面的用法。此类试题有如下特点：(1)试题难度和题数在适当增加，所考查的词汇都是较生僻、较难记忆的。比如：2009年考查了alternative和approximately；2010年考查了personal, worthwhile, immediate和merely；2011年考查了permanent, transparent和steady。很多试题尽管选项含义不同，却很难根据句意迅速确定答案。(2)试题更强调语境理解能力的考查。几乎每一个题干都比较长，有丰富的语境和适当的干扰。在复习备考中，要全面掌握考纲要求的词汇，对于出现频率不是很高的但词形较长的形容词、副词要尤其引起重视。12012湖北卷 Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained _； people are still looking for other possible solutions. Aunchallenged Brelevant Ccontroversial Dcontradictory【解析】C考查形容词词义辨析。根据后面语境“人们仍然在寻找其他可能的解决方案”可知controversial(引起争议的，有争议的)最符合题意。unchallenged未受到挑战的；relevant相关的；contradictory矛盾的，均不符合题意。22012湖北卷 “Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it，” Father suggested _ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem. Atentatively Bthoughtlessly Cdefinitely Drudely【解析】A考查副词词义辨析。根据句首的perhaps可知父亲提建议并不是十分肯定，tentatively (试探性地，不肯定地)为最佳答案。thoughtlessly粗心大意地，欠考虑地；definitely无疑地，确定地；rudely 粗鲁地，均不符合题意。32012湖北卷 Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request”？I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. Adramatic Bregional Capparent Dsubtle【解析】 D考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意：您能告诉我“请求”和“要求”的细微差异吗？subtle(细微的)最合题意。dramatic戏剧的；regional地区的；apparent表面的，明显的，均不符合题意。42011湖北卷 The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was _，though slow.A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady【解析】 D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位工程师的双眼仍然神采奕奕，即便满脸已经布满了皱纹。在穿过这个房间的时候，尽管走得很慢，但是却很平稳。shaky颤抖的；casual随便的，非正式的；heavy沉重的。根据语境只有D项“平稳的”符合句意。52011湖北卷 An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character; however, they are not always _.A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial【解析】 C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个不快乐的童年也许会对一个孩子的个性产生一些消极的影响；然而，这种影响也不是长久的。practical实际的，实践的；avoidable可以避免的；beneficial有利的，有益的。根据语境只有C项“永久的”符合句意。62011湖北卷 The staterun company is required to make its accounts as _ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.A. transparent B. reasonable C. secure D. formal【解析】 A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国有企业被要求让它的账目都要尽可能地透明，让它的员工监督钱的用处。reasonable合理的；secure安全的；formal正式的。根据语境只有A项“透明的”符合句意。72010湖北卷 In this lecture, I can only give you a purely _ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future. A. private B. personal C. unique D. different【解析】 B考查形容词词义辨析。C表示“独特的”，D表示“不同的”，只有A和B比较接近。根据词义可以快速排除C和D。private表示“私人的，私下的”； personal表示“个人的”， personal view表示“个人观点”。82010湖北卷 Mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason and then making the mistake becomes_. A. favorable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile【解析】 D考查形容词词义辨析。worthwhile表示“值得的，有价值的”，表示犯错误是值得的。A表示“喜爱的，赞同的”；B表示“珍贵的”；C表示“本质的”。专题五介词短语专题导读介词短语为历年湖北高考中涉及较多的考点。湖北卷每年至少有一道试题考查介词短语的用法。此类试题有如下特点：(1)题干结构呈复杂化、综合化的特点，题干用词都在20词左右；(2)考查的大多是in构成的介词短语，而且短语的词数在增加；(3)试题难度不大，主要考查介词短语的主要意义。常考的短语包括：“in 名词(介词)”型、“beyond 名词” 型、“under名词”型、“at名词(介词)”型、“out of名词”型、“on名词(介词)” 型等。在复习备考中，要善于归纳常见介词构成的介词短语的含义，同时注意甄别考点的位移和变化。12012湖北卷 The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home. Aout of question Bout of order Cout of sight Dout of place【解析】D考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些款式现代、颜色亮丽的家具适合现代的房子及其花园，但在传统的房子的花园里就会看起来很不协调。最佳答案为out of place(不适合，不协调，不当)。out of question没问题；out of order坏了，不合规定；out of sight渐渐淡出视线，看不见，均不符合题意。22011湖北卷 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of【解析】 C考查介词短语辨析。句意：当被问及对这个学校的校长有什么看法时，很多老师都支持年轻人，而宁愿他闪到一边去。in praise of表扬；in terms of就而言；in need of需要。根据语境只有C项“支持”符合句意。32010湖北卷 It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money _favors to them. A. in preference to B. in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for 【解析】 D考查介词短语辨析。句意： 政府官员向人们索取礼物或金钱以换取对他们的好处是非法的。in preference to优先于；in place of代替；in agreement with同意，与一致；in exchange for交换。根据句意可知D项正确。4.2010湖北卷 It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money_ favors to them.。 Ain preference to Bin place of Cin agreement with Din exchange for【解析】 D考查介词短语辨析。句意：对公务员来说，以给人们好处来索要礼物或金钱是违法的。in exchange for表示“交换”。in preference to 优先于，in place of代替 ，in agreement with符合，一致。5.2009湖北卷 His efforts to raise money for his program were _because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. Ain place Bin sight Cin effect Din vain【解析】D考查介词短语辨析。句意：谁也不愿意从自己的口袋里掏一分钱，看来他募捐的努力都白费了。根据句意可知D项“徒劳的”符合句意表达。A项意为“就位”，B项意为“看得见”，C项意为“生效”。新题预测专题一名 词1In human societies violence has a social _： it is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order.Aelement Bcontribution Ctarget Dfunction2In the near future, more _ in the space technology will be made by scientists.A. advantages B. adventures C. advances D. advertisements3A university town is one where there is no clear_ between the university buildings and the rest of the city.A. division Bseparation C. category D. block4Even if he has been a teacher for 20 years, Peter has a good and serious attitude towards his work, for which he gains a lot of_. Acompetence BmotivationCexpectation Drecognition5Kim JongIl, former top leader of the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea and the former Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi were both dead at the age of 69. Some people jokingly think thats a(n)_A. accident B. consequence C. symptom D. coincidence 6In blind date TV shows, being cruelly or politely rejected is sometimes the price participants have to pay for making an _ of the love in their eyes.A. announcement B. appointment C. acquaintance D. alternative7There is an obvious _ between the cultures of the West and East.A. content B. contract C. contrast D. contact8As the quality of the citys air continues to give rise to _， the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.A. concerns Bcompromise Cdescriptions Demergency9Its reported that Steve Jobs passed away on Wednesday Oct. 5, 2011. Whats your _ of the loss that his death has brought about to Apple?A. association B. assumption C. assessment D. appointment10Jobs once described his _ as trying to make products that were at “the intersection(相交) of art and technology”Atechnology Bgeography Cbiology Dphilosophy专题二 动 词1The organizing committee announces that tickets at the Grand Stadium are limited and will be _ to those who apply first.A. advocated B. allocatedC. approved D. acquired2To be honest, we _ that there have been dreadful mistakes and inexcusable mistreatment in the past, but we have learned a lot from them.A. appreciate B. accumulate C. assess D. acknowledge3Scientists havent _ the cause but believe it may be the result of several factors in combination.Adistinguished BdeclaredCrecognized Didentified4Your plan, as well as his, sounds original. But the company, I think, wont _ either of them, for they are unrealistic. A. abolishB. commentC. approve D. overlook5In a formal football match, each team can have three players to _ their teammates when necessary.A. replace B. substitute C. represent D. exchange6Three years ago, a society was set up to _ the endangered animals and plants from dying out in this area. A. obtain B. preserve C. observe D. deserve7Their lack of qualifications _ them to a lifetime of boring, usually poorlypaid work.Adevoted Breferred Ccondemned Dclassified8To maintain national balance, the government has _ a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas. A. observed B. abandonedC. adopted D. modified9The copyright administrative authorities may take away their illegal income or _ a fine on them.A. expose B. impose C. oppose D. suppose10Do not fear them; for there is nothing covered that will not be _， and nothing hidden that will not be made known. A. criticized Bdefined Cestimated Drevealed专题三动词短语1Over the years she had tried her best to _ the terrible memory, but it was not an easy task. A. live on B. block out C. bring back D. call up2The rise in the use of the wood fuel has _ the disappearance of forest and the loss of habitats for pandas. A. relied on B. resulted fromC. set off D. contributed to3Its surprising that your brother _ Russian so quicklyhe hasnt lived there very long.Apicked up Blooked up Cput up Dmade up4Dont be so discouraged. If you _such feelings, you will feel better next time.A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away5Without any better alternatives, the committee eventually accepted his scheme, though still skeptical whether it would _.Apick up Bset outCpay off Dtake in6Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.Aset out Bset about Cset off Dset up7If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduc