英语四级完形解题技巧与词组.docVIP

英语四级完形解题步骤一、精读第一句 英语四级完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。这里，首先我们要知道英文的主题句的特点。一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准： 1.Topic：主题或议题。明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。2.Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。 比如：a.I own a car；b.Owning a car often presents many problems；比如1994年考题的首句是： The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 这就是一句非常有效的主题句。据此，我们可以大胆地预测文章的主题是讨论词汇(word)与语言表达(language)的关系。作者的态度通过first and smallest就说明作者认为词汇对于语言的重要意义。实际上，该篇文章的确是围绕词汇与语言的关系展开的。文章的第一段从正反两方面阐述了词汇的选择(choice of words)与语言表达的关系。第二段阐述了措词不准确(inaccurate words)对于语言表达的影响。由此可见，精读第一句对于理解和把握整个文章的中心意义和作者的行文的脉络是非常有效的。这就为我们往下做题指明了方向！ 二、从上下文寻找信息词 完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相联的语篇，而词语的重复出现、同义词和反义词的使用是重要的连句成篇的词汇纽带，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义词、反义词相互照应等现象。警示：考生在答题时，不要急于求成。而要充分利用上下文信息词，在继续阅读中寻找和斟酌答案。我们以某年考题为例。 The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more _43_. The new experiments, such as those described for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations _45_ of non-REM sleep. 43. A. subtle B. obvious C. mysterious D. doubtful 45. A. in the light B. by virtue C. with the exception D. for the purpose 答案：43. C正确；45. D正确。 分析：只要细心寻找即可发现，文章开头说的the purpose of non-REM sleep和结尾的_ of non-REM sleep.遥相呼应。所以45填D。而在后文的fascinating就指示43应填与其同义的次，故43题C选项mysterious正确，因为两者都表示神秘的、为之着迷的意思。三、借助语法知识 主要是针对上文提到的语法题。再比如： They do not provide energy, _ do they construct or build any part of the body. (96) A. either B. so C. nor D. never 答案：C. 分析：这是一常见的否定倒装结构。 四、把握文章组织结构 主要是针对语篇题。 做题时，要把准文章作者发展脉络，文章的起承转合，要注意段落与段落之间，句与句之间的内在逻辑联系，领悟暗示，选对答案。 Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened _21_. As was discussed before, it was not _22_ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic _23_. (2002) 21. A. between B. before C. since D. later 22. A. after B. by C. during D. until 23. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure 答案：21. A. 22. D. 23. C 分析：我们注意到文章讲了两个时间：20世纪和1516世纪，而19世纪显然是处在两者之间，故21填between。22题是一语法结构题，固定结构：It was not until-that-。23题属于前面介绍的信息词题。上文中出现的：television, printing, newspaper均说明该题应填medium。 五、复校全篇短文 填完20个空格之后，一定不要忘了全文通读一篇，检查句子之间的逻辑关系有无前后矛盾的地方，力避连错几个的现象！完形填空词组及固定搭配常考汇总1 a host of 大量2 a test for检测目的3 a test on对进行测试4 a test with检测手段5 above all 最重要的; 6 according to根据7 accomplish ones goal实现目标8 achieve ones purpose达到目的9 achieve success 获得成功10 achieve victory获得胜利11 act on 遵照行动，作用于;12 act on对有影响13 add up to 总计，合计14 add to 把加到. 15 adhere to 坚持，奉行; Eg.We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。16 after all 毕竟，均不合题意;17 agree on对取得一致意见 18 agree to同意19 agree with sb.同意某人的话20 along with 和一道,和一起;21 alternate (with)交替;Eg.Sunny weather alternated with rain. 天气晴雨相间。 22 amount to 合计,共计;1Eg.His word amount to a refusal. 他说的话等于是拒绝。 Eg.My savings amount to $2000. 我的储蓄共达2000元。23 an equal to与相当的人/物，(地 位)相同的人24 and yet然而And yet, the man cannot forgive the woman!然而这个男子却不能原谅这个女子！Shes vain and foolish, and yet people like her.她自负又缺少智慧，然而人们喜欢她。 25 anything but 一点也不;26 anything like像那样的东西The film wasnt anything like as good as ET. 这部电影一点都不如外星人那麽好。 27 anywhere near接近于 She isnt anywhere near as kind as he is.她对人压根就没有他那么和善。 28 apart form除之外尚有29 apply to 向申请，适用于30 appreciation of对的欣赏/赞赏31 argue against 反对32 as a result of作为的结果，由于33 as a result(作为结果，因此)表结果，用不用逗号隔开看情况而定;34 as a whole 作为一个整体，整个看来35 as far as /are concerned就而言36 as for至于，就方面说 37 as if好像，仿佛 38 as soon as一就39 as though好像，仿佛40 as to 至于，关于;41 as well也，一样42 as yet迄今，到目前为止 Eg.As yet, I havent met her.到现在为止, 我还没遇见她。 43 aside from 除之外;44 associate with把联系起来45 association with与的交往46 at a disadvantage处于不利地位47 at a loss不知所措Im at a loss what to do next. 我不知道下一步怎么办。48 at a time每次，一次49 at all 丝毫,根本;50 at any moment即使，随时。 来源:考试大-英语四级考试 51 at first 首先,开始的时候; 52 at large未被捕获的,大多数; eg.The question is discussed at large in my report. 我在报告中对该问题作了详细的探讨。The escaped prisoner is still at large. 越狱犯依然在逃.53 at last 终于，最终;54 at least至少55 at length 最终,详细地;We will debate the subject at length later when we are at leisure. 我们等有空再对这题目展开辩论。I arrived at that city at that city at length. 我最终到达了那个城市 56 at most最多57 at no time从不，决不58 at one time曾经，从前曾59 at the cost of以为代价60 at the least 至少;61 at times有时,间或;62 atspeed以的速度63 attend on 照顾，侍候;64 attribute to 把归于65 back up 后退，支持;66 base on 基于67 be able to能够，胜任68 be about to正打算69 be accustomed to习惯于70 be associated with 与有关 71 be aware of 意识到;72 be capable of 有能力干;73 be caught 遇到，陷入74 be committed to答应承担义务;75 be confined to 限制在,局限于;76 be confined/be restricted受限制77 be dedicated to 奉献,献给;78 be devoted to 被用于，贡献给79 be directed to指向，针对80 be drawn to 被所吸引;81 due to由于，因此82 be exposed to 暴露在下83 be fond of 喜爱84 be full of 充满他85 be habitual to(him) 对(他来说)习以为常86 be in order合适，恰当。 eg.If our documents had been in order we could have left at once. 要是我们的证明文件都很妥当的话，我们就能够马上走。87 be involved in 参与，参加;88 be involved with 与有关连，89 be left to 由来决定,由来想办法 eg.These matter have to be left over until our next meeting. 这些事情只好留待我们下次会议再讨论了。90 be limited to限制在,限定在;91 be linked to/with something 与连接92 be proud of 为而骄傲。93 be referred to被提及，被提交94 be related to与有关95 be sick of 厌恶,讨厌;96 be subject to 经受,遭受; She was repeatedly subjected to torture. 遭受折磨97 be suitable for适合于98 be sure of 对的肯定;99 be thrown in 额外赠送100 be tied by/with被捆绑101 be tied to 束缚于，捆绑于102 be tired of 厌倦,厌烦;103 behind time 晚点104 belief in对的真实性或正确性具有的信心105 believe( to be) 相信是 来源:考试 106 better than好于107 beyond question毋庸置疑108 break away脱离，逃跑109 break down 损坏，分解，瓦解110 break into闯入111 break in强行进行，打断112 break off断绝，结束113 break out突发，爆发114 break through突破115 break up终止，结束，打碎116 bring about 产生;117 bring forward 提出。118 bring out 使出现;公布;出版;119 bring up 培养，养大;120 by accident偶然，含有不幸的因素121 by all means无论如何，必定122 by chance偶然，意外地123 by choice处于选择来源： 124 by contrast 对比之下;125 by means of 用，依靠; 借助于126 by means of借助于127 by mistake错误地 128 by the way顺便提一下129 by virtue of 凭借，借助;因为，130 by way of经由，通过方式131 call forth唤起，引起132 call for邀请，要求，需要133 call off放弃，取消134 call on/upon访问，拜访135 care for 照顾，关心136 carry out贯彻，执行，实现137 cast light on阐明某事;138 catch up with赶上;139 catch sight of 看见;140 center on 把集中在，以为中心;141 characterized by 以为特征;142 coincide with 与相符143 come from 来自，来源于;144 come off 成功;145 come on涉及，总共，共计146 come out出版，出现，结局是147 come to 等于,结果是; 总计，达到148 come under attack受到打击149 come under归入，受到What heading does this come under? 这个编在什麽标题之下? We came under heavy enemy fire. 我们遭到敌人猛烈攻击.150 come up 发生，形成;151 comment on 评论，发表意见;152 commit to交付，把投入153 comply with 遵守，服从;She must be made to comply with the rules. 必须强迫她遵守这些规则。154 conform to 遵守，符合，顺应157 consistent with与一致158 contribute to 有助于 ，促进159 copy out 抄写155 consist of组成156 consistent in 在(某方面)一致 160 correlate with找出一一对应的关系161 count on指望;162 cut away 砍掉;来源：考试大的美女编辑们163 cut down 削减;164 cut off 打断，中断;165 cut out 删掉;166 dedicate to 奉献;167 depend on依靠，依赖168 die back 枯死;169 die down 逐渐消失;止息;170 die off 相继死去;171 die out消失;死绝;172 difference in在方面的差别173 do something for/to 改进，增强174 doubt about怀疑175 due to 由于，因为176 dwell on 利用177 enter for 报名参加;178 enter into 开始 (谈话，讨论)179 entertain a proposal愿意考虑建议180 entertain an idea抱着一种想法181 even if甚至，即使182 even though (虽然，尽管)表让步;183 ever since(从此以后)表时间;184 faithful to忠心于185 fall from 从落下;186 far from毫不，远非187 favor of喜欢188 figure out计算出189 find out查明190 focus on集中于，集中研究191 followed by 接着是;192 for all 尽管;193 for example举例来说194 for instance 和 such as 都表示举例，前者常接句子，后者常接名词或名词短语;196 for the purpose of 为了目的;197 for the sake of为了起见198 frankly speaking坦白来说199 freedom from免于(的自由)200 from all appearances从所能见到和所能知道的情况判断201 from all sides 从四面八方，全面地202 from now on从现在开始203 from/by all accounts根据方面所说204 gather up拾起，集拢;205 generally speaking一般来说206 get along with进展，相处融洽207 get away逃脱，离开208 get away逃脱，离开209 get down to开始，着手210 get in进入，收获，收集 来源:考试大-英语四级考试 211 give in妥协，让步，投降，屈服212 give off放出，释放213 give out分发，放出214 give something away泄露215 give up停止，放弃216 give way让路，让步217 go beyond 超越，超过;218 go by从旁走过，顺访219 go for追求220 go in进入，参加221 go through经历222 hand on传下来，依次传递223 hand out分发，散发224 hand over交出，移交225 have a bearing on与有关系226 have difficulty with与-有分歧，相处不好227 hold back踌躇，退缩，阻止228 hold down 控制229 hold on to紧紧抓住，坚持230 hold on继续，握住不放，坚持231 hold out维持，伸出，提出，坚持232 hold up 保持良好，停止;阻滞233 hold up举起，承载，阻挡234 if only(要是，只要)表条件;235 in use 在使用;236 in degree在速度上237 in a sense (从某种意义上说)它可以放在句首、句中或者句尾，一般不用逗号隔开;238 in a state of 处于的状态239 in a way从某一点上看240 in accord with与一致241 in addition to 除之外，并且242 in all 总共;243 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样;244 in case of 万一发生 245 in case 假使，以防;246 in circles=in a circle在原地兜圈子，毫无进展247 in consequence 因此;248 in doubt 有怀疑249 in effect (实质上，实际上)它在句中一般不需要用逗号隔开;250 in essence实质上，本质上，根本上251 in fact实际上252 in firm voice 用清晰，坚定的声音。253 in general 总的来说,大体上;254 in general一般来说：255 in line with 与一致，符合;256 in mind心里想着某人或某事;257 in need of 需要258 in no way决不259 in ones opinion在某人看来260 in ones terms用的话来说 来源in ones view根据观点261 in ones way/in the way妨碍，阻碍262 in order to为了263 in order 整齐，恰当264 in particular 尤其，特别;265 in perspective 关系恰当地，观察合理地;266 in point of 说到，关于267 in question 对 表示 怀疑，有疑问268 in reference to 关于，就而论;269 in regard to关于270 in relation to 关于，至于;271 in reply to 作为回答;272 in response to 作为对的回答，作为对的反应;273 in return for 作为对的汇报/交换;274 in short 总之,简言之;275 in spite of尽管;来源：276 in terms of 用的话;从方面来说;277 in the analysis of 在对进行分析时278 in the bargain 此外，还279 in the case of 至于，就来说;就而论280 in the company of 陪伴，伴随 ;281 in the course of 在过程中，在期间282 in the end最后283 in the event of 万一发生;284 in the form of以形状，以形式;285 in the light of鉴于，由于;286 in the process of 在的过程中;287 in time后来渐渐,终于 ;288 in turn 依次地,反过来;289 in vain徒劳290 in whole 整个地291 infuse into注入292 insist on坚持，一定要293 instead of 代替294 interest in对的兴趣295 irrespective of不顾的,不考虑的;296 isolate from 使与隔离;使孤立 ;297 it used to be 过去的情况是298 join in 参加(某种活动);299 lay emphasis on 强调;300 lay/put blame on责怪，归咎于301 lead off 开始;302 lead on 继续引领;303 lead out 开始;304 lead to 导致;305 less than 不如，少于306 link together联系在一起307 long before早在之前，很久以前308 look on旁观，观看309 loyal to忠诚于310 make a step 走一步311 make for 有助于，有利于;312 make ones way前进，行进313 make out 弄懂;辨认，开出(支票，药方等)314 make sure 查明，弄确实;315 make towards朝走去316 make way开路，让路317 mean by 的意思，意味着318 more than比更，与其说不如说，不是而是319 more than不仅，不止;多于320 much as(虽然，尽管)表让步;321 no less than和一样，既又322 no more than既不会也不会323 not but 不是而是 来源:324 now that(既然，由于)表原因;325 object to 反对;326 of course当然327 on a large scale大规模的(地)328 on a national scale在全国范围内329 on account of 由于;330 on average 按平均值,通常;331 on behalf of 代表,为了;332 on campus在校园333 on occasion偶尔;334 on radio 用无线电,通过广播;335 on the average 按平均值，通常;336 on the basis of 根据，在的基础上337 on the contrary相反338 on the grounds of 以为理由339 on the occasion of 在场合，值之际;340 on the other hand另一方面341 on the radio 通过广播,无线电广播中;342 on the side 额外地，作为兼职;343 on the side of在 一边344 on the whole 总的来看;345 on time 准时;346 one another 相互347 one or other 不管哪一个348 only if (只要，只有)表条件;349 other than 除了，不同于;350 out of step不一致，不协调351 out of the question 不可能的352 out of use 不使用353 owe to 把 归功于354 pass out 分发，分配;昏倒，死去;355 pass off 中止,停止;356 pass on把传递给另外一个人;357 pass out 失去知觉，晕倒;358 pay attention to 注意;359 pay by check用支票支付360 pay in cash 或 pay cash 付现金。361 pay off 赢利，取得好结果，362 persist in坚持363 pick up 捡起，提高;364 plan for 为订计划;365 point to指向;366 properly speaking正确(公正)地讲367 provided that(假若，倘如)表条件;368 put together 加在一起;369 put up with 忍受;370 quite other完全不同的371 rather than ( 宁愿)与其;是而不是372 refer to ( as) 提到，把称为;参374 reflect on思考，反省，怀疑375 rely on 依靠，指望;376 removefrom把从去掉;撤职：377 responsible for 对负责。378 result from由产生，因而造成：379 result in导致380 ripe for 为什么做好准备。The time was ripe for a challenge to the power of the government. 时机已经成熟，可以向政府权力提出挑战了。381 root out 发现382 run a risk 意为“冒风险”383 sacrifice something to为牺牲某事384 secure sth. from attack使受攻击385 set about开始，着手386 set aside留出387 set back推迟，