新GRE真题和OG填空详解.docx

(OG Text Completion Sample Questions 2) Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his (i) _ as an artist increased, the more (ii) _ his life became.BLANK (i) (A) temperance (B) notoriety (C) eminenceKEY: CD 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.BLANK (ii) (D) tumultuous (E) providential (F) dispassionate关键字：冒号 确定 blank1 中应该填入一个名词， 表示 C 作为一名艺术家在某一方面的成绩， blank2 中应该填入一个形容词，表示 C 的生活的变化形式； 发现句子中有冒号，可以推断句子前后两部分是一种解释说明的关系，即句子前后两部分意思一致，前 半句说 C 对于成功的把握很差，而且倾向于暴力；则后半句也应该是同样的意思； 在后半句中，as an artist increased 应该对应的是成功的意思，从 blank1 中选出eminence，而 his life became，对应的是其倾向于暴力的部分，从 blank2 中选出tumultuous。 词语解释： (A) temperance：（抑制、温和）moderation in action, thought, or feeling : RESTRAINT (B) notoriety：（臭名昭著）the quality or state of being widely and unfavorably known (C) eminence：（声名显赫）one that is eminent, prominent, or lofty (D) tumultuous：（暴力的）marked by violent or overwhelming turbulence or upheaval (E) providential：（神意的）of, relating to, or determined by God conceived as the power sustaining and (F) dispassionate：（冷静的）not influenced by strong feelingguiding human destiny(OG Text Completion Sample Questions 3) In parts of the Arctic, the land grades into the landfast ice so _ that you can walk off the coast and not know you are over the hidden sea. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) permanently imperceptibly irregularly precariously relentlesslyKEY: B 1. 2. 关键字：“So that ” 结构 So that 结构，that 后面的部分对于 so 后面的词进行解释说明，其表示的是 arcitic 附近的某些冰层向海中伸出的程度，如果仅仅说是能够让人行走的话，选项中没有合适的词语进行对应，因而，形容的是给人 们的一种感觉，对应部分如颜色标注。 3. 1. 词语解释： (A) permanently：（永久地）continuing or enduring without fundamental or marked change : STABLE2. 3. 4. 5.(B) (C) (D) (E)imperceptibly：（不被察觉地）not perceptible by a sense or by the mind irregularly：（不规则地）lacking continuity or regularity especially of occurrence or activity precariously：（不安全地、随意地）dependent on chance circumstances, unknown conditions, or relentlessly： （无情地、 残酷地） showing or promising no abatement of severity, intensity, strength,uncertain developments or pace(OG Sentence Equivalence Sample Question 1) Although it does contain some pioneering ideas, one would hardly characterize the work as _. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) orthodox eccentric original trifling conventional innovativeKEY: CF 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 关键字：“Although A , A”结构、hardly 表反义 空格中应该填入一个形容词，作为 the work 的一种描述，由于存在 although，前后两个半句意思相反， 由于后半句中存在 hardly，因此在选取词语的时候，还是要选取与创新同义的词语进行填空。 词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) orthodox：（正统的、传统的）conforming to established doctrine especially in religion eccentric：（举止怪异的）deviating from a circular path original：（原创的）independent and creative in thought or action trifling：（无关紧要的）lacking in significance or solid worth conventional：（依循传统的）according with, sanctioned by, or based on convention innovative：（创新的）characterized by, tending to, or introducing innovations因而前面说作品是有 pioneering ideas 的，也就是创新的，则后半句应该说其不是创新的。(OG Sentence Equivalence Sample Question 2) It was her view that the countrys problems had been _ by foreign technocrats, so that to ask for such assistance would be counterproductive. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) ameliorated ascertained diagnosed exacerbated overlooked worsenedKEY: DF1. 2.关键字：“so that”结构 空格中应该填入一个动词过去分词表示 foreign technocrats 对于这个国家问题所做的动作，而因为有 sothat 存在，前后两个半句意思一致。而后半句中such assistance与前半句的foreign technocrats实际上是指的 同一种东西，因而对于such assistance的描述与前半句中对于foreign technocrats的描述应当一致，故在空格 中填入与counterproductive同义的词语。 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 词语解释 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) ameliorated：（改善）make better or more tolerable ascertained：（确定）to make certain, exact, or precise diagnosed：（诊断）to recognize (as a disease) by signs and symptoms exacerbated：（加剧恶化）to make more violent, bitter, or severe overlooked：（忽视）to look past : MISS worsened：（恶化）to make worse(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q1, Easy) Dominant interests often benefit most from _ of governmental interference in business, since they areable to take care of themselves if left alone. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) intensification authorization centralization improvisation eliminationKEY: E 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.关键字：“since”表示因果同义 空中应该填入一个名词，是对于政府管制的一种描述；后半句有 since 表示因果关系，因而找寻前后半句中的同义对应词语； 前半句中说的是大公司在一种对于政府干预的情况中可以获利，后半句说这些大公司如果对他们放任自流的话效果会好，因此，前半句中所要表述的是不要政府的干涉。 词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) intensification：（加强）to make intense or more intensive : STRENGTHEN authorization：（授权）the act of authorizing centralization：（集中）to concentrate by placing power and authority in a center or central improvisation：（即席创作）the act or art of improvising elimination：（消除）the act, process, or an instance of eliminating or dischargingorganization(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q2, Easy) Kagan maintains that an infants reactions to its first stressful experiences are part of a natural process of development, not harbingers of childhood unhappiness or _ signs of adolescent anxiety. (A) (B) prophetic normal(C) (D) (E)monotonous virtual typicalKEY: A 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 关键字：“A not B or C”模式（“三空格”模式的变体） A not B or C模式，其中B or C是同一个事物，与 A 相反。 空中应该填入一个形容词，是对于 sign 的描述，其应该与 harbinger 是同义关系，与 natural process 是反义关系。 词语解释 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) prophetic：（预兆的）foretelling events : PREDICTIVE normal：（普通的）conforming to a type, standard, or regular pattern monotonous：（单一音调的）uttered or sounded in one unvarying tone virtual：（虚拟的）of, relating to, or being a hypothetical particle whose existence is inferred from typical：（典型的）constituting or having the nature of a typeindirect evidence(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q3, Easy) An investigation that is _ can occasionally yield new facts, even notable ones, but typically the appearance of such facts is the result of a search in a definite direction. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) timely unguided consistent uncomplicated subjectiveKEY: B 1. 2. 3.关键字：“but” 空中应该填入一个形容词，是对于an investigation的一种形容； 后半句中有 but 出现，应该是与前半句表达相反的意思，而后半句中的a search是前半句中的aninvestigation的同义替换，因此空中应该填入一个与在后半句中形容 search 相反的词语，即not in a definite direction。 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 词语解释 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) timely：（及时的）appropriate or adapted to the times or the occasion unguided：（没有导向的）not to direct, supervise, or influence usually to a particular end consistent：（一致的）marked by harmony, regularity, or steady continuity uncomplicated：（不复杂的）not difficult to analyze, understand, or explain subjective：（主要的）of or relating to the essential being of that which has substance, qualities,attributes, or relations(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q4, Easy) It is (i) _ that so many portrait paintings hang in art museums, since the subject matter seems to dictate a status to pictures in the family photograph album than to high art. But perhaps it is the artistic skill with which the portraits are painted that (ii) _ their presence in art museum.BLANK (i) (A) surprising (B) understandable (C) irrelevantKEY: AE 1. 2. 3.BLANK (ii) (D) challenges (E) justifies (F) changes关键字：“since”表同义因果，“but”表转折 Blank1 中应该填入一个形容词，描述人们对于大量肖像画出现在艺术博物馆中这一事实的一些看法；而 在第一句中，后半句中出现了 since，表示因果关系，因而应该选取前后半句中同义关系的词语，而后半blank2 中应该填入一个动词，表现肖像画中的艺术技巧对于它们出现在艺术博物馆中的事实的影响。句给出了人们对于肖像画出现在艺术博物馆中的看法的原因，即它们原本是被用来为家族相册添光彩用的，而 不是为了展现艺术而出现的，因此说，在人们看来，肖像画出现在博物馆中是属于出现在了不该出现的地方， 因此说选取一个表达这种出现在了不该有的地方色彩的词语最合适，即应该选取(A)选项； 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 对于第二句，由于句首的but的作用，因而这整个一句话应该体现一种与前一句话截然相反的意思，前面说肖像画不应该在艺术博物馆中出现，那第二句话应该体现肖像画可以出现在艺术馆中的作用。 词语解释： (A) surprising：（令人惊讶的）to strike with wonder or amazement especially because unexpected (B) understandable：（可以理解的）have the power of comprehension (C) irrelevant：（不相关的）not relevant : INAPPLICABLE (D) challenges：（质疑）to dispute especially as being unjust, invalid, or outmoded (E) justifies：（表明或证明（某人某事）是正当的、有理的或公正的）to show to have had a sufficient (F) changes：（改变）to make different in some particular : ALTERlegal reason(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q5, Easy) In stark contrast to his later (i) _, Simpson was largely (ii) _ politics during his college years,despite the fact that the campus he attended was rife with political activity.BLANK (i) (A) activism (B) apathy (C) affabilityKEY: AE 1. 2.BLANK (ii) (D) devoted to (E) indifferent to (F) shaped by关键字：“in contrast to”，“despite”，时间对比 Blank1 中应该填入一个名词，表示 Simpson 对于政治的一种态度，blank2 中应该填入一个动词词组，表示 Simpson 在求学时对于政治的做法；3. 4.前半句中有 in contrast to，表现的是 Simpson 在大学期间与其之后对于政治态度的描述，因而根据时间 根据后半句的 despite，Simpson 应该与其所在的大学中氛围相反，他所在的大学was rife with political对比，blank1 与 blank2 中应该体现的是一种完全相反的态度； activity，大家都热衷与政治活动，而他则应该是不热衷于政治运动，即可以推出 blank2 中的词语，而同理， 根据刚才的推断，blank1 中应该是Simpson 现在对于政治运动很热衷的态度了。 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. activity 5. 6. (E) indifferent to：（对冷淡）lack of interest or concern (F) shaped by：（被塑造成）FORM, CREATE especially : to give a particular form or shape to 词语解释： (A) activism：（实践主义）a doctrine or practice that emphasizes direct vigorous action especially in (B) apathy：（冷淡）lack of interest or concern (C) affability：（和蔼可亲）being pleasant and at ease in talking to others (D) devoted to：（为奉献）to give over or direct (as time, money, or effort) to a cause, enterprise, orsupport of or opposition to one side of a controversial issue(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q6, Easy) As my eyesight began to _, I spent a lot of time writing about it both poems and eye journals describing what I saw as I looked out through damaged eyes. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) deteriorate sharpen improve decline recover adjustKEY: AD 1. 2.关键字：“as”，随着，同义关系 看到 as 结构以后，找寻其所描述事情的同义关系的结构即可；as 结构中所涉及到的是作者的 eyesight的问题，后面句子中 eyes 是 eyesight 的同义转述，因而形容 eyes 的词语即形容 eyesight 的词语，因而选择(A)、 (D)选项。 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) deteriorate：（受损）to become impaired in quality, functioning, or condition sharpen：（锋利）to make sharp or sharper improve：（提高）to enhance in value or quality decline：（退化）to tend toward an inferior state or weaker recover：（恢复）to bring back to normal position or condition adjust：（改善）to bring to a more satisfactory state(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q7, Easy)The judges standing in the legal community, though shaken by phony allegations of wrongdoing, emerged, at long last, _. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) unqualified undiminished undecided undamaged unresolved unprincipledKEY: BD 1. 2.关键字：though，转折关系，反义 空格中应该填入一个形容词，用来形容法官判决的效力问题；though 引导的插入语可以提出来， 表示与句子实际要表示相反的意思，而在 though 引导的句中，表现的意思是法官的观点被shaken 了，发生了动摇，因而在空格中应该填入一个不动摇意思的词语。3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) unqualified：（没有资格的）not having requisite qualifications undiminished：（没有减少的）not made one half step less than perfect or minor undecided：（未决定的）not free from doubt or wavering undamaged：（不受损的）not suffer from loss or harm resulting from injury to person, property, unresolved：（未解决的）not deal with successfully unprincipled：（无原则的）not exhibiting, based on, or characterized by principleor reputation(OG Verbal Practice Set 1 Q8, Easy) Modern agricultural practices have been extremely successful in increasing the productivity of major food crops, yet despite heavy use of pesticides, _ losses to diseases and pests are sustained each year. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) incongruous reasonable significant considerable equitable fortuitousKEY: CD 1. 2.关键字：yet、despite，表转折，反义 前半句说杀虫剂功效显著，而后半句由 yet 与 despite 引导，表示与前半句相反的意思，那么应 该是说杀虫剂的功效其实并不显著，尽管用了很多杀虫剂，最后的损失依旧不小，故选取(C)(D) 选项。3. 1. 2.词语解释： (A) (B) incongruous：（不连续的、不一致的）lacking congruity reasonable：（合理的）being in accordance with reason3. 4. 5. 6.(C) (D) (E) (F)significant：（可观的）of a noticeably or measurably large amount considerable：（可观的）large in extent or degree equitable：（平等的）having or exhibiting equity fortuitous：（偶然的）occurring by chance(OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q1, Medium) It comes as no surprise that societies have codes of behavior; the character of the codes, on the other hand, can often be _. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) predictable unexpected admirable explicit confusingKEY: B 1. 2. 3. 关键字：分号表复指、on the other hand 表反义 前半句话与后半句话由分号连接，应该表示同义，由于前半句中存在 no，后半句中存在 on the other hand 进行取反，偶数个否定词不改变词语之间的方向逻辑，故对应单词之间应该是同义关系。 前半句对于社会中所拥有的行为准则的存在的评价是 no surprise； 而后文中同样是对于社会行为 准则进行描述，故对应词语在 no surprise 上，通过 on the other hand 取反以后，应该填入 surprise 的同义词。 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 词汇解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) predictable：（可以预计的）to declare or indicate in advance unexpected：（预料之外的）not expected admirable：（值得赞扬的）deserving the highest esteem explicit：（详尽的）fully revealed or expressed without vagueness, implication, or ambiguity confusing：（令人迷惑的）to make embarrassed(OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q2, Medium) Like Bla Bartk, Ruth Crawford not only brought a composers acumen to the notation of folk music, she also had a marked (i) _ the task. This was clear in her agonizing over how far to try to represent the minute details of a performance in a written text, and this (ii) _ makes her work a landmark in ethnomusicology.BLANK (i) (A) reverence for (B) detachment from (C) curiosity aboutKEY: AD 1.BLANK (ii) (D) fastidiousness (E) didacticism (F) iconoclasm关键词：not only but also 变体表递进关系；“，+and”结构等同于分号。2.先看 blank(i)所在的第一句话，blank(i)中应该填入一个名词，用来描述 RC 这个人对于民乐的一 种态度，而 RC 这个人对于民乐的态度是依据not only but also这个结构的变体，即not only also 来连接的，因而在这两句中对于 RC 这个人对民乐的态度应该是程度不同的近义词，而且在 also 一句中的程度大于 not only 中的相关词语的程度。 由于在前半句中给出的是 acumen， 即敏锐、 敏感，是对于民乐的一种正态度，因而后面应该也填入一个正态度，即答案应该从 A、C 中选择。3.看第二句话中有This was clear in her agonizing over how far to try to represent the minute details，说明 RC 这个人对于民乐的态度是可以从她对于细节的把握来看出来的，因而其对待民乐 应该是一种重视的态度，故选择 A 选项。4.接下来，在第二句中，由于，+and结构可以视作分号来看待，因而前后两个半句应该是复指关 系，前半句说 RC 努力体现民乐的细节，用到了 agonizing 一词，即不懈努力之意，因而后半句也 应该体现出她这种努力的意思，故选择 D 选项。5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.词语解释： (A) reverence for：（尊敬）honor or respect felt or shown : DEFERENCE (B) detachment from：（分离）the action or process of detaching : SEPARATION (C) curiosity about：（喜好）interest leading to inquiry (D) fastidiousness：（近乎苛求的态度）reflecting a meticulous, sensitive, or demanding attitude (E) didacticism：（说教主义）intended to convey instruction and information as well as pleasure and (F) iconoclasm：（反传统主义）the doctrine, practice, or attitude of a person who attacks settled beliefsentertainment or institutions (OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q3, Medium) Political advertising may well be the most (i) _ kind of advertising: political candidates are usually quite (ii)_, yet their campaign advertisements often hide important differences behind smoke screens of smiles and empty slogans.BLANK (i) (A) polemical (B) effective (C) deceptiveKEY: CE 1. 2.BLANK (ii) (D) interchangeable (E) dissimilar (F) vocal关键字：冒号解释说明，yet 表示转折 Blank(i)中应该填入一个形容词，用来表示 political advertising 的属性，但就这一句话来说无法 确定应该填入什么词语，发现有冒号存于句中，因而 political advertising 是什么样的广告可以通过 后面的解释说明的语句来读出。3.Blank(ii)中应该填入一个形容词，用来描述参选人的特性。在冒号后面的句子中，由于 yet 的存 在，表明两句话应该是反义关系。后半句话说广告将参选人的不同点隐藏起来而使之展现一样的形 态，因此前半句话中说参选人的部分应该是他们具有不同的特性。而在这里，广告的作用也体现 出来了，即掩盖，因此 blank(i)中应该填人一种假冒色彩的词语进去。4. 1. 2. 3.词语解释： (A) polemical：（引起争论的）of, relating to, or being a polemic : CONTROVERSIAL (B) effective：（有效的）producing a decided, decisive, or desired effect (C) deceptive：（具有欺骗性的）tending or having power to deceive : MISLEADING4. 5. 6.(D) interchangeable：（可互换的，潜台词是相同的）capable of being interchanged (E) dissimilar：（不同的）UNLIKE (F) vocal：（声音相关的）relating to, composed or arranged for, or sung by the human voice(OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q6, Medium) Ever a demanding reader of the fiction of others, the novelist Chase was likewise often the object of _ analyses by his contemporaries. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) exacting copious respectful acerbic scathing meticulousKEY: AF 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. details关键词：likewise 表示同义 空格中应该填人一个形容词， 表示 Chase 作品所受到的来自于其同时代人们给予的研究是什么样 子的。 Likewise 表示正如一样，因而，前后两句话是同义关系，没有否定词，因而对应词语之间 是同义词关系，Chase 对于别人作品的态度即是别人对待他作品的态度。 词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) exacting：（苛求的）tryingly or unremittingly severe in making demands copious：（丰富的）yielding something abundantly respectful：（令人尊敬的）marked by or showing respect or deference acerbic：（酸腐的）acid in temper, mood, or tone scathing：（严厉的）bitterly severe meticulous：（严苛的）marked by extreme or excessive care in the consideration or treatment of(OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q7, Medium) Her _ should not be confused with miserliness; as long as I have known her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) stinginess diffidence frugality illiberality intolerance thriftKEY: CF1. 2.关键词：be confused with 表示否定，分号表示复指 空格中应该填入一个名词，表示她所具有的一种特质。而这种特质往往会被 confused with miserliness，这里 be confused with 与 not 两个表示否定的结构同时存在，因而对应词语应该是同 义关系。而本题中 miserliness 表示不大方、吝啬之意，选项中有两组都可以表示不大方的同义 词，因此应该选什么，要看后半句说了什么。3.后半句与前半句通过分号连接，因而是复指关系，后半句说她实际上并不是一个吝啬之人，而 是非常热心帮助别人的人，在后半句中对于这个她是一个正评价，因此在前半句中对于她的描述 也应该通过复指关系前后一致的特点，选取一组相对正的评价填进去。4. 1. 词） 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.词语解释： (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) stinginess：（吝啬）not generous or liberal : sparing or scant in using, giving, or spending（贬义 diffidence：（没自信）the quality or state of being hesitant in acting or speaking through lack of frugality：（节俭）characterized by or reflecting economy in the use of resources illiberality：（吝啬）not generous : STINGY（贬义词） intolerance：（缺乏容忍）the quality or state of being intolerant thrift：（节约）careful management especially of moneyself-confidence(OG Verbal Practice Set 3 Q8, Medium) A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structure, the more _ the ideas. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) complicated engaged essential fanciful inconsequential involvedKEY: AF 1. 2.关键字：冒号解释说明 前半句说句子结构 mirrors 思想，这里 mirror 不仅表示反映之意，还表示更深层次的相同的 感觉。因而后半句用冒号对前文进行解释说明时也应该反映出这