动词时态和语态考前突破专题.doc

动词时态和语态考前突破专题（1） 【专题考点】 在具体语境中考查时态和语态，而且题干中有效信息越来越隐藏，加大试题难度是高考时态命题的趋势，考点如下：1 考查一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时、将来进行时等常见时态2 考查时态和语态相结合3考查主动形式表示被动意义【典例探究】1（2010山东卷T30）Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved【解析】选D。句意为：截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。句中的up to now是现在完成时态的一个典型标志，此句要用现在完成时，由此排除其他选择项，正确答案为D项。would save过去将来时；saves 一般现在时；had saved 过去完成时，均不符合句意要求。【知识拓展】时态考查题中的标志词或短语在解题中的作用：在很多时态类考查题目中，找到解题的题眼就掌握了解题的金钥匙，所谓“题眼”即指一些与特定时态连用的一些表示时间的副词及介词短语。 （1）与一般过去时常用的短语：yesterday, last year, three years ago, in 1980等，这些结构常常提示大家，这些句子中的谓语动作发生在过去，而与现在没有关系，如：Helostapenyesterday.(单纯的过去动作,现在是否找到不知道)。 （2）某些副词或介词短语提示则说明其所在的句子要用现在完成时，如: since, ever since, so far, up to now, recently, lately, in the past few days等， 如： Ever since the first space flight made by Apollo 11 to the moon, the human beings have many more space explorations in the past 4 decades.2（2010江苏卷T23）Why, Jack, you look so tired!Well, I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting【解析】选D。句意：咦，杰克，你看起来这么累！哦，我一直在粉刷房子，我必须明天完成这项工作。根据语境可知“粉刷房子”这个动作一直进行到现在，并且还要继续进行下去。所以应用现在完成进行时，选择D项。3 (2010全国卷IIT9) Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only of the women who _ evening dress.A. wear B. wears C.has worn D.have worn【解析】选B。 此题考查定语从句中的时态与主谓一致，所以要注意定语从句中的主语即关系代词who指代的是谁。此处who指代的是the only而不是the women，故谓语要用单数形式。 当遇到定语从句修饰的部分有the(only) one of + 复数名词时，定语从句修饰的是the(only) one。这样首先排除A、D两项；又根据语境可知此处指Barbara目前穿着一件晚礼服，没有强调动作的完成，故又排除C项。 句意：很容易认出芭芭拉，因为她是穿着晚礼服的唯一的女士。4（2010江西卷T 30）. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she since her marriage to Father. A. shouldersB. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering【解析】选D。句意：母亲想成为一个好的养家者，一个自从和父亲结婚以来一直扮演的角色，根据句中的时间状语since可知应用现在完成时，故选D项。5（2010重庆卷24）. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973. A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes【解析】选C。句意：自从这本书在1973年在市场销售以来，已被翻译成30种语言了。 题干中的since 自从以来，引导时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，since引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用一般过去时，所以选C项。【知识拓展】since的用法 1 )since介词,副词或连词 自以来,自以后;由它引导的时间状语代表一个时间段,主句用现在完成时. He has lived in Beijing since liberation.自从解放以来他一直住在北京 She has been teaching Einglish since she graduated.她毕业后一直在教英语. They went to Shanghai two years ago and we have not seen them since.两年前,他们去了上海,自此我们再也没见过. 2) It is/has been + 一段时间+since从句(从句用过去时). It was/had been + 一段时间+since从句(从句用过去完成时). It was three years since he had served in the army. 他入伍3年了. It is twenty years since he joined the party.他入党20年了 3)since 既然 因为.引出原因状语从句. Since you have signed an agreement,you cant out of it now. 既然签了协议,你现在就不能反悔.【跟踪演练】1（2011江西赣州十一县市高三上期中联考）That pudding was the most delicious dessert we _ Ahave had Bhad never had Cwould Dhad ever had2 （2011辽宁抚顺六校联合体高三一模） -Its many years since I saw you last, I _ you at all. -I wouldnt have, either, if someone _ you by the name.Adidnt recognize; hadnt called Bdidnt recognize; didnt callChavent recognized; didnt call Dcant recognize; had called3（2011山东枣庄高三第一次质检）Tom is absent this week. Do you know what _ to him? A. has happened B. was happening C. will happen D. had happened4（2010河北省唐山一中二模）17. You were out when I dropped in at your house. Oh, I _ for a friend from England at the airport.A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited5（2010河南省开封市二模）27Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.Abegin BbeganChave begunDhad begun6（2010黑龙江省哈三中等四校二模）28I had wanted to help you last night but I couldnt spare any timefor I an essay that is due this morningAwrote Bhad written Cwas writing Dhave written7（2010黑龙江省哈三中等四校二模）33It was the first time that Mike the piano at the concert hall and he hoped that his nervousness would go Aplayed；unnoticed Bhad played；unnoticedCplayed；unnoticing Dhad played；unnoticing8（2010吉林省实验中学二模）10. He was proud and was not used _ to like that. A. to be spoken B. to being spoken C. being spoken D. to speaking9（2010 江苏省南通市二模拟）28. Where have you been all day? I _ some former classmates and I couldnt get back until it was dark. A. have met B. met C. would meet D. had met10（2010 江苏省南通市二模拟）30. Now the weight. Only 115. Youd better put on a few pounds.Well, actually, I _ like a horse. A. ate B. was eating C.have been eating D. will eat11（2010 江苏省宁海外国语学校二模） Last Monday，while the students on the playground watching the national flag being raised，something unexpected Awere standing；arose Bstood；was arising Chad stood；had arisen Dwould stand；would arise12. It _hard now, otherwise we could have a barbecue on the beach. A. rained B. is rainingC. rains D. would rain13. All his attention _on the computer game he was playing, so he even didnt notice his mother enter the room.A. has been fixed B. was fixingC. was fixed D. fixed14. None of them _the thin girl could keep her end up and come out first in the international marathon.A. have predicted B. would predictC. were predicted D. had predicted15. Ever since Dolly, the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusins phone _with people calling in hopes of making the copies of their pets. A. has rung B. rangC. was ringing D. has been ringing16. Excuse me. I wonder if you can help me. I _my ID card.But where did you lose it?A. have lost B. lost C. had lost D. lose17. Since the beginning of the vacation, I _across the country, and my next stop is the Wuyi Mountain.A. had travelled B. will travelC. have been travelling D. was travelling18. Luckily, the loss _great; otherwise, our company would have closed down.A. isnt B. hadnt beenC. hasnt been D. wasnt19. Im going to attend your lecture at 9:30 tomorrow morning.I regret to tell you that when you arrive it will have ended and I _questions with my students.A. would discuss B. will discussC. will be discussing D. am discussing20. Good news! Maybe I _a job soon. I had an interview at an engineering firm yesterday.A. have been offered B. would be offeredC. will be offered D. is offered21. Why didnt you buy any bread while doing shopping yesterday evening?Sorry,_ . A. I forget B. I forgotC. I had forgotten D. I have forgotten22. Whats your opinion about my suggestion?Sorry, I_. Would you please say it again?A. hadnt listened B. wouldnt listenC. wasnt listening D. didnt listen23. Although many measures_, the worlds economy is still going down.A. were taken B. have been takenC. will be taken D. are taken24. His father, a famous university professor, who is said to have started his teaching career in Australia, _in Nanjing University for more than twenty years.A. has worked B. workedC. is working D. will work25. We should get together next week.Sounds like a plan! I _you a call.A. will give B. would giveC. have given D. give26. Im sorry, my mind_. What_ you_?You are always absent-minded in class.A. are wandering; do; sayB. wandered; had; saidC. wandered; did; sayD. was wandering; did; say27. This Monday morning I was informed I _as one of three exchange students from our college.A. had been choosing B. was chosenC. had been chosen D. was choosing28. The pianist planned to give a concert on March 8 but the date _because of his illness.A. was postponing B. was postponedC. had been postponed D. was being postponed29. If I hadnt been caught in the heavy rain, I could have been back by 7 oclock.What a pity! Stella _here to see you.A. is B. was C. would be D. has been30. Since being published on March 13, the book _a bestseller in many Chinese bookstores.A. has become B. becameC. is becoming D. was becoming31. Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe, attempts _to use botanical fuel as a source of power.A. have made B. having madeC. are being made D. will be making32. Another cup of coffee? Thats your third since lunch.Yeah, well, I _all night preparing for my history exam. I can hardly keep my eyes open.A. stayed up B. have stayed upC. have been staying up D. will stay up33. We wont know how much food to buy until we decide how many people_. A. were coming B. are comingC. have been coming D. had come34. Please stop to have a rest. You _the washing machine the whole morning.A. have repaired B. were repairingC. have been repaired D. have been repairing35. Mom, you should have taken me to the park this morning.I had planned to, but I couldnt afford the time. I _a lecture.A. had given B. gaveC. was giving D. would give36. Gina has a sweet tooth and loves meat more than anything else.No wonder she _weight so fast.A. gains B. gainedC. had gained D. is gaining37. Where can we get your new science fiction?Im sorry, it _and will come out next week.A. has been printed B. will be printedC. is printed D. is being printed38. Has the football match just started?Just started? It must be clear who _by now.A. is winning B. winsC. has won D. would win39. Lets discuss the question raised last night, shall we?There is no hurry for that. I _for a conference.A. headed B. was headingC. am heading D. have headed40. John and Lucia got married last week. Did you go to their wedding?No, I _a lecture in another city.A. gave B. have givenC. had given D. was giving答案1 D 2 A 3 A4 A 5 B 6 C 7B 8B 9B10 C11 A 12.【解析】选B。考查动词时态。由时间状语now可知, 该句应为现在进行时。解题时注意, 不要受后面虚拟语气句中时态的干扰。13.【解析】选C。考查动词的时态、语态。句意为：他的全部精力都集中在玩电脑游戏上了。因此甚至没有注意到母亲走进房间。fix ones attention on表示“集中精力在上”, attention是动词fix的宾语, 所以attention与fix之间是被动关系。14.【解析】选D。考查动词的时态。句意为：没有人料到这个瘦瘦的女孩会坚持到最后并成为国际马拉松比赛的第一名。人们的预料发生在比赛结束之前, 所以用过去完成时表示过去的过去。15.【解析】选D。考查动词的时态。由该句的时间状语“Ever since Dolly. . . in 1997”判断, 应用完成时, 但ring是瞬间动词, 不能与“ever since+过去时间的时间状语”连用, 故用现在完成进行时。16.【解析】选A。考查时态。一般过去时和现在完成时均可表示事情已经发生, 但一般过去时强调动作本身, 而现在完成时强调该动作的结果和影响。第一个人说自己的ID card丢了想寻求帮助, 所以应用现在完成时。17.【解析】选C。考查动词的时态。该题的时间状语为since+过去的时间点, 结合后面的“my next stop is the Wuyi Mountain”可以看出这里应该用现在完成进行时, 表示从过去开始的动作一直持续到现在, 并可能持续下去。18.【解析】选D。考查动词的时态。由句意可知造成损失应发生在过去, 后句的虚拟语气可作为推测的依据。19.【解析】选C。考查时态。由句意可知discuss questions是在明天上午9：30正在进行。因此使用将来进行时。20.【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。由句中的soon可知, 这里表示将来发生的动作, 应用一般将来时, offer与I之间是动宾关系, 故应用被动语态。21.【解析】选B。考查动词的时态。根据语境判断“忘记”这一动作发生在过去而非现在, 故用一般过去时。22.【解析】选C。考查时态。从本题的语境来看, 说话人刚才没有在听对方的建议, 因此, 使用过去进行时表示“听”的动作刚才没有在发生。23.【解析】选B。考查动词的时态与语态。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响, 所以用现在完成时, take与measures之间构成动宾关系, 所以要用被动语态。24.【解析】选B。考查动词的时态。由题干中的定语从句可知这位教授现在在澳大利亚执教; 主句描述的是过去的一段经历, 故此处应用一般过去时, 注意不能因为句中的时间状语for more than twenty years而误选现在完成时。25.【解析】选A。考查动词的时态。对方提出应该在下周聚一