在复合句中用作主语的从句叫主语从句.doc

在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which 在复合句中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。 A 为了强调主语从句的内容，可将从句置于句首 That you are leaving is a pity. 你要走，真遗憾。 What matters is how you live. 重要的是你如何生活。 Where he lives is not clear. 他住哪儿不清楚。 Who will stay makes no difference. 谁留下来都一样。 点 津 坊 连词that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可以省，反意问句用it。 That he has lost his watch is not true, is it? 他手表丢了不是真的，是吗？ Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. 足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。 B 大部分主语从句都可以用it作形式主语 为了保持句子平衡，主语从句常用it作形式主语，将主语从句后置。用it作形式主语的主语从句结构有如下几种： It is + 名词 + that从句 Its a pity that we cant go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 英语正在被人们接受为一种国际语言，这是一个事实。 It is no wonder that he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day. 难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。 It is + 形容词 + that从句 It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗？ It + 动词 + that从句 It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. 艾丽丝似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。 (= I happened to be out that day.) 比 较 It is reported that there was a fire in the supermarket last night. 据报导超市昨晚失火了。(主语从句) As is reported, there was a fire in the supermarket last night. 据报导超市昨晚失火了。(定语从句) It is + 过去分词 + that从句 It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。其他情况 It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。 It suddenly occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door. 她突然想到她忘记锁门了。 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，宜用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。 Is it possible that they may complete the task ahead of time? 他们有可能提前完成任务吗？ Does it matter much that he wont be able to come tomorrow? 他明天来不了很要紧吗？ 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，宜用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。 How strange it is that the students are so quiet! 学生们这么安静真奇怪！ What a shame it is that you cannot stay for dinner! 你不能留下来吃饭多可惜呀！ 连接代词what, whoever, whatever, whichever等引导的主语从句不宜用it作形式主语。 Is what he told us really true? 他所告诉我们的的确是真的吗？ Whichever of you want to come to our party will be welcome. 你们中任何想来参加我们晚会的人都欢迎。 C 使用虚拟语气的主语从句 在It is suggested, ordered, requested, insisted, etc. + that从句中，谓语部分用should + 动词原形，should常被省略。(详见第3章虚拟语气) It is suggested that we (should) do the experiment a second time. 有人建议我们再做一次实验。 在It is important, natural, necessary, etc. + that从句中，谓语部分常用should + 动词原形，should常被省略。 It is important and necessary that we (should) keep the balance of nature. 我们要维持生态平衡，这是重要而且必不可少的。 在It is funny, strange, surprising, a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. + that从句中，有时谓语部分用should + 动词原形，来表达说话者的感情色彩，此时should也可省略。 It is a pity that you (should) miss such a good chance. 真遗憾你竟然失去这么好的机会。 2完形填空很重要的一点就是考察你的词组积累。有些题目你不知道他的意思那你就看一下他的短语。有没有你学到过的词组。套进去的话正确率是很高的!有时候你遇到一个生词没关系不要怕(这是做英语题很重要的一点!)不管你觉得这题目多难都不要被吓倒!硬着头皮也要往下看，说不定就柳暗花明了。有时候下文就有提示的。还有些时候使一些无关紧要的词(像地方，名字等)不影响文章理解，就不用管它了。当然如果是平时练习的话，那你就要翻翻词典把意思查出来了。要注意平时的积累。还有不知道就猜，考试中不可能都是学过的单词，有30%的生词。大部分都是可以根据上下文意思才出来的。不要怕大胆做下去好了。如果实在不知道那就只能跳过去，接着把下面的做完在会上来解决那个不会的。难题上不要停留太久，要注意时间把握。 1。 The storm left,(having caused) a lot of damage。因为 动词+ing 1）在语态上表主动； 2。在时态上 表进行分析：having caused的逻辑主语是 The storm， 他们的关系是主动的关系。 因为这暴风雨导致了很多破坏。所以要用ing 形式。2。 You were stil not ()your computer when you left.A:having shutting down B:to shut down C:to have shut down选A.:having shutting down过去进行时态。另外是用排除法， B和C都是不定式。 在英语中be + 不定式表示将要做某事。 与句意不符。3。( )in English ,she did not heard the knocking.(lose)填Lost因为lose 与其逻辑主语she是被动的关系， 表示她太专注于英语了。直译可以这样来理解：她迷失在英语中了。（She was lost in English)Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located . 为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展，热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。 Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. 洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。 They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before. 他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。 Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy . （此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。） 更早之前，巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图，但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center . （此句中，三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词：satellites ，computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句，那么句子可简化为： The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .）卫星能传输信息，计算机能储存信息，电视能显示信息，把这些手段结合起来可以使每个家庭都成为教育娱乐的中心。 The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中，非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成一件事情）。太阳给予大地热，这就使植物的生长成为可能。 The old man has a son , who is in the army .（此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。但本句所传达的信息是：这位老人只有一个儿子 。如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句： The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。那么，限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰。这样一来，句子所传达的信息就变成了：这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作，还有其他的儿子在干别的工作。）那位老人有一个儿子，他在部队工作。 注值得一提的是，表示时间“time一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the fir