Fourth Grade第四级.doc

Fourth GradeEnglish Standards of Learning Adopted 2002In fourth grade, reading and writing skills support an increased emphasis on content-area learning and utilization of the resources of the media center, especially to locate and read primary sources of information. A significant percentage of reading material will relate to the study of mathematics, science, and history and social science. The student will use text organizers, summarize information, formulate questions, and draw conclusions to demonstrate reading comprehension. The student will also read classic and contemporary literature selections by a variety of authors. The student will continue to increase communication skills in large- and small-group settings. In addition, the student will plan, draft, revise, and edit narratives and explanations. The student will also routinely use information resources and word references while writing.Oral Language4.1The student will use effective oral communication skills in a variety of settings.a) Present accurate directions to individuals and small groups.b) Contribute to group discussions.c) Seek ideas and opinions of others.d) Use evidence to support opinions.e) Use grammatically correct language and specific vocabulary to communicate ideas.4.2The student will make and listen to oral presentations and reports.a) Use subject-related information and vocabulary.b) Listen to and record information.c) Organize information for clarity.Reading4.3The student will read fiction and nonfiction with fluency and accuracy.a) Use context to clarify meanings of unfamiliar words.b) Explain words with multiple meanings.c) Use knowledge of word origins; synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms; and multiple meanings of words.d) Use word-reference materials, including the glossary, dictionary, and thesaurus.4.4The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of fiction.a) Explain the authors purpose.b) Describe how the choice of language, setting, and information contributes to the authors purpose.c) Compare the use of fact and fantasy in historical fiction with other forms of literature.d) Identify major events and supporting details.e) Describe the relationship between text and previously read materials.f) Identify sensory words.4.5The student will read and demonstrate comprehension of nonfiction.a) Use text organizers, such as type, headings, and graphics, to predict and categorize information.b) Formulate questions that might be answered in the selection.c) Explain the authors purpose.d) Make simple inferences, using information from texts.e) Draw conclusions, using information from texts.f) Summarize content of selection, identifying important ideas and providing details for each important idea.g) Describe relationship between content and previously learned concepts or skills.h) Distinguish between cause and effect and between fact and opinion.i) Identify new information gained from reading.4.6The student will demonstrate comprehension of information resources to research a topic.a) Construct questions about a topic.b) Collect information, using the resources of the media center, including online, print, and media resources.c) Evaluate and synthesize information.Writing4.7The student will write effective narratives, poems, and explanations.a) Focus on one aspect of a topic.b) Develop a plan for writing.c) Organize writing to convey a central idea.d) Write several related paragraphs on the same topic.e) Utilize elements of style, including word choice and sentence variation.f) Write rhymed, unrhymed, and patterned poetry.g) Use available technology.4.8The student will edit writing for correct grammar, capitalization, spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure.a) Use subject-verb agreement.b) Include prepositional phrases.c) Eliminate double negatives.d) Use noun-pronoun agreement.e) Use commas in series, dates, and addresses.f) Incorporate adjectives and adverbs.g) Use the articles a, an, and the correctly.h) Use correct spelling for frequently used words, including common homophones.Fourth GradeMath Standards of Learning Adopted 2009The fourth-grade standards place emphasis on multiplication and division with whole numbers and solving problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and decimals by finding common multiples and factors. Students will be fluent in the basic multiplication facts through the twelves table and the corresponding division facts as they become proficient in multiplying larger numbers. Students also will refine their estimation skills for computations and measurements. Students will identify and describe representations of points, lines, line segments, rays, and angles, including endpoints and vertices. Concrete materials and two-dimensional representations will be used to solve problems involving perimeter, patterns, probability, and equivalence of fractions and decimals. Students will recognize images of figures resulting from geometric transformations, such as reflection, translation, and rotation. Students will investigate and describe the associative property for addition and multiplication.While learning mathematics, students will be actively engaged, using concrete materials and appropriate technologies such as calculators and computers. However, facility in the use of technology shall not be regarded as a substitute for a students understanding of quantitative concepts and relationships or for proficiency in basic computations.Mathematics has its own language, and the acquisition of specialized vocabulary and language patterns is crucial to a students understanding and appreciation of the subject. Students should be encouraged to use correctly the concepts, skills, symbols, and vocabulary identified in the following set of standards.Problem solving has been integrated throughout the six content strands. The development of problem-solving skills should be a major goal of the mathematics program at every grade level. Instruction in the process of problem solving will need to be integrated early and continuously into each students mathematics education. Students must be helped to develop a wide range of skills and strategies for solving a variety of problem types.Number and Number SenseFocus: Place Value, Fractions, and Decimals4.1The student willa)identify orally and in writing the place value for each digit in a whole number expressed through millions;b)compare two whole numbers expressed through millions, using symbols (, , or = ); andc)round whole numbers expressed through millions to the nearest thousand, ten thousand, and hundred thousand.4.2The student willa)compare and order fractions and mixed numbers;b)represent equivalent fractions; andc)identify the division statement that represents a fraction.4.3The student willa)read, write, represent, and identify decimals expressed through thousandths;b)round decimals to the nearest whole number, tenth, and hundredth;c)compare and order decimals; andd)given a model, write the decimal and fraction equivalents.Computation and EstimationFocus: Factors and Multiples, and Fraction and Decimal Operations4.4The student willa)estimate sums, differences, products, and quotients of whole numbers;b)add, subtract, and multiply whole numbers;c)divide whole numbers, finding quotients with and without remainders; andd)solve single-step and multistep addition, subtraction, and multiplication problems with whole numbers.4.5The student willa)determine commonmultiples and factors,including least common multiple and greatest common factor;b)add and subtract fractions having like and unlike denominators that are limited to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12, and simplify the resulting fractions, using common multiples and factors;c)add and subtract with decimals; andd)solve single-step and multistep practical problems involving addition and subtraction with fractions and with decimals.MeasurementFocus: Equivalence within U.S. Customary and Metric Systems4.6The student willa)estimate and measure weight/mass and describe the results in U.S. Customary and metric units as appropriate; andb)identify equivalent measurements between units within the U.S. Customary system (ounces, pounds, and tons) and between units within the metric system (grams and kilograms).4.7The student willa)estimate and measure length, and describe the result in both metric and U.S. Customary units; andb)identify equivalent measurements between units within the U.S. Customary system (inches and feet; feet and yards; inches and yards; yards and miles) and between units within the metric system (millimeters and centimeters; centimeters and meters; and millimeters and meters).4.8The student willa)estimate and measure liquid volume and describe the results in U.S. Customary units; andb)identify equivalent measurements between units within the U.S. Customary system (cups, pints, quarts, and gallons).4.9The student will determine elapsed time in hours and minutes within a 12-hour period.GeometryFocus: Representations and Polygons4.10The student willa)identify and describe representations of points, lines, line segments, rays, and angles, including endpoints and vertices; andb) identify representations of lines that illustrate intersection, parallelism, and perpendicularity.4.11The student willa)investigate congruence of plane figures after geometric transformations, such as reflection, translation, and rotation, using mirrors, paper folding, and tracing; andb)recognize the images of figures resulting from geometric transformations, such as translation, reflection, and rotation.4.12The student willa)define polygon; andb)identify polygons with 10 or fewer sides.Probability and StatisticsFocus: Outcomes and Data4.13The student willa)predict the likelihood of an outcome of a simple event; andb)represent probability as a number between 0 and 1, inclusive.4.14The student will collect, organize, display, and interpret data from a variety of graphs.Patterns, Functions, and AlgebraFocus: Geometric Patterns, Equality, and Properties4.15The student will recognize, create, and extend numerical and geometric patterns.4.16The student willa)recognize and demonstrate the meaning of equality in an equation; andb)investigate and describe the associative property for addition and multiplication.Fourth GradeSocial Studies Standards of Learning Adopted 2008The standards for Virginia Studies allow students to develop a greater understanding of Virginias rich history, from the cultures of its native peoples and the founding of Jamestown to the present. Geographic, economic, and civic concepts are presented within this historical context. Students will develop the skills needed to analyze, interpret, and demonstrate knowledge of important events and ideas in our history, and will understand the contributions made by people of diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Students will use geographic tools to examine the influence of physical and cultural geography on Virginia history. Ideas that form the foundation for political institutions in Virginia and the United States also will be included as part of the story of Virginia.The study of history must emphasize the intellectual skills required for responsible citizenship. Students practice these skills as they extend their understanding of the essential knowledge defined by all of the standards for history and social science.SkillsVS.1The student will demonstrate skills for historical and geographical analysis and responsible citizenship, including the ability toa)identify and interpret artifacts and primary and secondary source documents to understand events in history;b)determine cause-and-effect relationships;c)compare and contrast historical events;d)draw conclusions and make generalizations;e)make connections between past and present;f)sequence events in Virginia history;g)interpret ideas and events from different historical perspectives;h)evaluate and discuss issues orally and in writing;i)analyze and interpret maps to explain relationships among landforms, water features, climatic characteristics, and historical events.Virginia: The Physical Geography and Native PeoplesVS.2The student will demonstrate knowledge of the physical geography and native peoples, past and present, of Virginia bya)locating Virginia and its bordering states on maps of the United States;b)locating and describing Virginias Coastal Plain (Tidewater), Piedmont, Blue Ridge Mountains, Valley and Ridge, and Appalachian Plateau;c)locating and identifying water features important to the early history of Virginia (Atlantic Ocean, Chesapeake Bay, James River, York River, Potomac River, Rappahannock River, and Lake Drummond and the Dismal Swamp);d)locating three American Indian language groups (the Algonquian, the Siouan, and the Iroquoian) on a map of Virginia;e)describing how American Indians related to the climate and their environment to secure food, clothing, and shelter;f)describing how archaeologists have recovered new material evidence at sites including Werowocomoco and Jamestown;g)identifying and locating the current state-recognized tribes.Colonization and Conflict: 1607 through the American RevolutionVS.3The student will demonstrate knowledge of the first permanent English settlement in America bya)explaining the reasons for English colonization;b)describing how geography influenced the decision to settle at Jamestown;c)identifying the importance of the charters of the Virginia Company of London in establishing the Jamestown settlement;d)identifying the importance of the General Assembly (1619) as the first representative legislative body in English America;e)identifying the importance of the arrival of Africans and English women to the Jamestown settlement;f)describing the hardships faced by settlers at Jamestown and the changes that took place to ensure survival;g)describing the interactions between the English settlers and the native peoples, including the contributions of Powhatan to the survival of the settlers.VS.4The student will demonstrate knowledge of life in the Virginia colony bya)explaining the importance of agriculture and its influence on the institution of slavery;b)describing how the culture of colonial Virginia reflected the origins of European (English, Scots-Irish, German) immigrants, Africans, and American Indians;c)explaining the reasons for the relocation of Virginias capital from Jamestown to Williamsburg to Richmond;d)describing how money, barter, and credit were used;e)describing everyday life in colonial Virginia.VS.5The student will demonstrate knowledge of the role of Virginia in the American Revolution bya)identifying the reasons why the colonies went to war with Great Britain, as expressed in the Declaration of Independence;b)identifying the various roles played by whites, enslaved African Americans, free African Americans, and American Indians in the Revolutionary War era, including George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, and James Lafayette;c)identifying the importance of the Battle of Great Bridge, the ride of Jack Jouett, and the American victory at Yorktown.Fourth GradeScience Standards of Learning Adopted 2010The fourth-grade standards stress the importance of using information, analyzing data, and validating experimental results. Defining variables in experimentation is emphasized, and making simple predictions from picture, bar, and basic line graphs is underscored. Questioning and hypothesizing become more detailed at this level. Students are introduced to basic principles of electricity and to the concept of motion. Students explore basic information about our solar system and investigate the interactions among Earth, the moon, and the sun. Students explore basic plant anatomy, plant adaptations, and investigate relationships among plants and animals and their environments. In examining weather phenomena and conditions, students identify various factors, make predictions based on data, and evaluate the results. The importance of natural resources in Virginia is emphasized. Scientific Investigation, Reasoning, and Logic4.1The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific reasoning, logic, and the nature of science by planning and conducting investigations in whicha)distinctions are made among observations, conclusions, inferences, and predictions;b)objects or events are classified and arranged according to characteristics or properties;c)appropriate instruments are selected and used to measure length, mass, volume, and temperature in metric units;d)appropriate instruments are selected and used to measure elapsed time;e)predictions and inferences are made, and conclusions are drawn based on data from a variety of sources;f)independent and dependent variables are identified;g)constants in an experimental situation are identified;h)hypotheses are developed as cause and effect relationships;i)data are collected, recorded, analyzed, and displayed using bar and basic line graphs;j)numerical data that are contradictory or unusual in experimental results are recognized;k)data are communicated with simple graphs, pictures, written statements, and numbers;l)models are constructed to clarify explanations, demonstrate relationships, and solve needs; andm)current applications