2019高考英语一轮核心考点探究与练习教材复习篇Unit3Ahealthylife（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 3A healthy life李仕才【短文语法填空】How would you use a radio or a telephone 1. you had no electricity or batteries?These problems bothered British inventor Trevor Baylis.So in 1996 he 2.(invent) a wind-up(装有发条的) radio which doesnt need electricity or batteries.You wind it up 3. hand.It plays for about an hour.Then you wind it up again.After three years,Baylis invented a mobile phone 4. is powered by shoes.The shoes contain a small battery that 5.(power) when you walk.This battery is connected to a mobile phone.These two simple inventions can bring modern 6.(communicate) to all parts of the world.Baylis doesnt have 7. university degree in engineering.In fact,he left high school before 8.(graduate).He just loves making things 9.(help) people.He never knows when ideas will come to him.The idea for the mobile phone 10.(sudden) came to him in a dream.答案1.if2.invented3.by4.that/which5.is munications7.a8.graduating/graduation9.to help10.suddenly(对应学生用书P145)stress n重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读(1)under stress 在压力之下under the stress of.在压力下put sb.under great stress 使某人感到沉重的压力lay/place/put stress on sth.强调某事物(2)stress the importance of.强调的重要性(3)As _has been stressed_ (stress) many times，learning English well is of great importance to your career development in future.正如多次强调的那样，学好英语对你们今后的职业发展非常重要。The manager always _stresses_ (stress) the importance of hard work.However，after a _stressful_ (stress) week of work，all the employees were extremely _stressed_ (stress) and tired.They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.经理总是强调辛勤工作的重要性。然而一周紧张的工作之后，所有的雇员都心力交瘁，疲惫不堪。他们抱怨说几乎没有人能在压力之下高效地工作。单句语法填空(2017江苏卷)Here I _will stress_ (stress) some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth.沉溺于；专心做(2)addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾n.有瘾的人addict oneself to sth.沉溺于a work addict 工作狂(3)addiction n癖好(教材原句)You see，during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.你知道，当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候，我也吸过烟，而且还上了瘾。While his wife was in hospital in the United States，he got totally _addicted_ (addict) to alcohol，and his son _addicted_ (addict) himself to computer games._Addicted_ (addict) to computer games，his son has lost interest in his lessons，which makes his wife very angry.他妻子在美国住院期间，他对酒完全上了瘾，而且他的儿子迷上了电脑游戏。由于迷恋于电脑游戏，他的儿子对功课失去了兴趣，这使他的妻子非常生气。accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的(1)be accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)get/become accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)(2)accustom vt.使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to(doing)sth.使某人/自己习惯于(教材原句)This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。I _am accustomed_ (accustom) to living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city._Accustomed_ (accustom) to living in the countryside，I always find it hard to live in the city.I accustom myself _to_ living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city.我习惯于生活在乡村，总是觉得生活在城里很困难。be accustomed to结构中to为介词，后须跟名词或动名词作宾语，相当于be used to。effect n结果；效力(1)have an effect/influence on/upon 对产生影响come/go into effect/take effect 生效；实施bring/carry/o effect 实施；使生效/起作用of no effect 没有效果的；没有影响的side effect 副作用(2)effective adj.有效的；有影响的(3)affect vt.影响(教材原句)When I was young，I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking.年轻时，我不太了解吸烟的危害性。My advice didnt have much effect _on_ him.我的劝告对他没什么效果。(2016浙江卷)While online shopping has changed our life，not all of its _effects_ (effect) have been positive.尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，不是所有的影响都是积极的。单句语法填空(2017江苏卷)What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect _of_ global warming?ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的(1)be/feel ashamed of 因感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth.耻于做某事feel/be ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧(2)be ashamed that.感到羞耻，感到惭愧shame n羞耻，惭愧；让人遗憾的事真让人遗憾真可惜！(3)shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的shameless adj.不知羞耻的(教材原句)If you weaken and have a cigarette，do not feel ashamed.如果你意志薄弱了而吸了一支烟，不要感到羞愧。I must admit to _being ashamed_ (ashame) for what had happened.发生这样的事我应承认我感到惭愧。Didnt you feel _ashamed_ (ashame) for yourself when you did the shameful thing_！What_ a shame that you should be such a cruel man!当你做这件可耻的事时，你不为自己感到羞愧吗？真可惜，你竟是这么一个残酷的人。【七选五】Choosing the Right Path to Be a “Better” PersonLife is a constant exercise in selfimprovement.In the rush to achieve，the idea of being “better” can become lost sometimes.You may always wonder how to improve yourself and fulfill your dreams in an easier way._1_Explore your talents.Everybody has some outstanding skills or interests.So its often necessary to be patient and try many things before you find one that suits you._2_ For example，people loving adventure may not be interested in the quiet chess club，but someone who enjoys other quiet activities might be.Determining who you enjoy being around may help you know what youll enjoy._3_No matter how much money you make，you will not be happy if you spend your entire life doing something you hate.Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.If youre particularly unhappy at your job，consider why._4_ If you feel your job isnt meaningful，or isnt in line with your values，consider finding another job.Experience something new.Research has shown that when were in our comfort zone，we arent as productive as we are when we step just beyond it._5_ Because of that，we may react slowly to our own positive experiences.Its important to have new experiences and interactions with others，even when those are a little scary.Doing so can help you achieve more.ADo what you love.BHere are some tips for you.CRegister in a class youre interested in.DHuman adapt very quickly to positive events.EIts possible that some changes may change your feeling.FSimilar types of people may be attracted to the same activities.GTry not to allow yourself to focus so much on a certain aspect of your life.【解题导语】人生就是不断自我提升的过程，有时我们急于取得成功，却迷失了自我。本文就如何提升自己给出了一些建议。1B上文提到你可能想知道如何用更简单的方式提升自己，下文则给出了一些建议。由此可知，设空处承上启下。B项符合语境。2F本段最后一句提到，判断你喜欢跟谁在一起有助于你了解自己喜欢什么。由此可知，F项符合语境。故选F项。3A本题考查标题句。根据该标题下的Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.可知，花时间做自己喜欢的事很重要。由此可知，A项(做你喜欢的事)符合语境。4E上文提出如果特别不喜欢现在的工作，考虑一下原因，下文则提出考虑换一份工作。由此可知，E项(有时候作出一些改变也可以改变你的心情)符合语境。5D本段主题是体验新事物。空格后说，正因为如此，我们可能对自己的积极的经历反应迟钝。D项(人类对积极的事件适应很快)正好解释了下文的现象。故选D项。due to 由于；因为(1)due to 因为，由于，作表语或状语，通常不置于句首due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的be due to do sth.预期做某事，预定做某事be due to sth./sb.归因于某事/某人；某人应得的be due for sth.应有；应得到(2)because of 因为(较口语化)owing to 因为(较正式)thanks to 因为；多亏了as a result of 因为on account of 由于(教材原句)I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。Any money that is due _to_ you will be paid before the end of the month.欠你的钱将在月底之前全部支付给你。The meeting is due _to start_ (start) until three.会议预定到3点钟才开始。in spite of 不顾，不管；尽管，虽然(1)尽管尽管(2)regardless of 不管，不顾(教材原句)In spite of all his efforts he failed.He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.尽管他很努力还是失败了。他伤心地想哭。He went out _despite/in spite of_ the bad weather.虽然天气不好，他还是出去了。(1)in spite of与despite同义，常可换用。in spite of为普通用语，despite多用于书面语言，despite不与of连用。(2)although/though也是“尽管；不管；不顾”的意思，但用作从属连词，后面接让步状语从句。in spite of/despiten.although从句。如：_In spite of/Despite_ the fact that it will cost much，we must take every measure to save the old mans life.Although it costs too much，we must take every measure to save the old mans life.不管费用多少，我们必须采取一切措施抢救这位老人。take risks/a risk 冒险(1)(2)(3)(教材原句)He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他觉得每一步都得作出决定而不是冒险。(2016北京卷)The reason why any of us take any _risks_ (risk) at all might have to do with early humans.我们任何一个人都愿意冒险的原因也许与早期人类有关。单句语法填空(2017江苏卷)Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk _or_ cost.get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)get into a talk/a fight/an argument 参与讨论/斗殴/争论get into the habit of 养成/染上习惯get into trouble 陷入麻烦get into debt 欠债get into a panic 陷入恐慌get into a temper 大发脾气(教材原句)Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先就别养成(吸毒的)习惯！It is much easier to get _into_ debt than to get _out_ of it.负债容易还债难。A smile can help us get _through_ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。【短文改错】Its not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of a need.Its your family who will but its important to know that.It happens such often that we end up take our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding them. Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always different in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the unconditionally love and care that they hold for us，that I believe is truly valuable.【答案】Its not the people you across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need.Its your family who will its important to know that.It happens often that we end up our parents for granted.We hurt them many cases and they are treated with disrespect for not understanding . Its necessary to understand the fact that there is always in opinions across two generations.But what really matters is the love and care that they hold for us， I believe is truly valuable.I _do hope_ so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。_Do_ be quiet!务必安静！He _did_ go home yesterday.他昨天确实回家了。He _does_ work hard and finish the job in time.他工作的确努力，及时完成了任务。【阅读理解】Recent months have seen a revival of the humble(普通的)bike across China, with an increasing number of people choosing pedaling(骑车)instead of driving to school, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bike-sharing systems, services in which bicycles are made available for shared use to individuals who do not own them and pioneered by start-ups like Ofo and Mobike, has brought the trend to a new level.Washington D. C. has one of the biggest bike sharing systems in the US with 3, 700 bikes and 440 stations. The UK, France and Germany all have growing programs. However, China, so far, outdoes(超过)them all by operating three out of four of the worlds shard bikes.People can unlock the shard bikes by simply using their smartphone. The bikes are equipped with GPS and users of Chinas versions can leave bikes anywhere in public for the next user. Theyre popular among many Chinese people as they provide an effective solution to the “last mile” problem, which refers to the final leg of a persons journey.However, the Chinese programs have also led to problems such as illegal parking, vandalism(故意破坏)and theft. In fact, these problems are also shared by bike-sharing programs abroad. Launched in 2007, Vilb is a large-scale public bike sharing system in Paris. At its early stage of operation, it also suffered from problems of vandalism or theft. By Oct 2009, a large number of Vlibs initial bikes had to be re