2017中考英语命题研究第二部分语法专题突破篇专题十四复合句精讲习题.docx

专题十四复合句贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值宾语从句201543语序和时态Where was the supermarket/Where is the supermarket/Where_the_supermarket_is1分201345语序和时态what_they_do/what they did/what they will do1分定语从句201642who指代人who/when/which1分201445that指代物that/who/where1分宾语从句为贵阳近5年中考的必考点。单项选择题对宾语从句的考查侧重其语序、时态，一般都会涉及至少两个考查点。主要表现在三方面：语序正确，但引导词和时态不同；引导词相同，但语序和时态不同；时态一致，但引导词和语序不同。语句设置多为2个单句，词数为1314。而且宾语从句通常会出现一些固定的词语，如：I wonder，Can you tell me，I didnt understand等。定语从句在2014年单项选择中考过一次，后又在2016年单项选择中考过一次，都是考的先行词。预测2017年贵阳中考的单项选择必定会出现一道题来考查宾语从句，至少涉及两个考查点。贵阳中考重难点突破宾语从句【满分点拨】宾语从句构成规则例句连接词(1)that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略(2)what，when，where，how，whatever，whenever，wherever，who，whom，whose等特殊疑问词作连接词(3)当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表示“是否”Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia？你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？Please tell me how you go to school.请告诉我你怎样去学校的。语序从句一律用陈述语序，即主语谓语Do you know where Tom lives？你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？续表宾语从句构成规则例句时态主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态I hear Joe left forBeijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去北京了。I hear Joe will leave for Beijing.我听说乔要去北京了。主句是过去时，从句使用过去时的某种形式Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视。Kate said she was going to school soon.凯特说她马上去学校。从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。注意：在介词之后，动词不定式之前或在or之前，只用whether，不用if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。【考点抢测】1he，more，math，is，than，difficult，English，think_He_thinks_math_is_more_difficult_than_English/He_thinks_English_is_more_difficult_than_math_.2know，rain，whether，evening，I，it，this，dont_I_dont_know_whether_it_will_rain_this_evening_.3very，think，your，I，is，nice，dress_I_think_your_dress_is_very_nice_.4know，I，to，if，come，he，tomorrow，want_I_want_to_know_if_he_will_come_tomorrow_.(A)5.Could you tell me_？By searching the Internet.Ahow you got the informationBwhy you got the informationChow did you get the information(C)6.I dont know _ coffee.Awhat she is so crazy aboutBwhat is she so crazy aboutCwhy she is so crazy about(B)7.Could you please tell me _？I have something important to tell him.Awhere is SamBwhere Sam isCwhat is Sam (B)8.My pen pal from America is coming to visit me.Im thinking about _Ahow I gave her a surpriseBhow I will give her a surpriseCwhether I planned a trip for her(B)9.I wonder _Everyone becomes silent suddenly.Awhy he was so angryBwhy he is so angryCwhen he was so happy(B)10.Could you tell me _？Awhose camera it wasBwhose camera it isCwhat Jack was happened(C)11.I want to write to my aunt，but I dont know _Awhat her email address wasBwhat was her email addressCwhat her email address is(B)12.I wonder _ on April 23，World Book Day.Did you find some interesting books to read?Awhat did you doBwhat you didCwhat do you do状语从句【满分点拨】贵阳中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合，主要为在状语从句中考查从属连词的运用与辨析。具体用法如下：状语从句的分类从句的引导词例句时间状语从句when/while/as(当时)，before(在之前)，after(在之后)，since(自从)，notuntil(直到才)，as soon as(一就)I was doing my homework when my mother came in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。条件状语从句if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)Unless bad weather stops me，I go for a walk every day.我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。原因状语从句because(因为)，since(既然)，as(由于)I like to eat apples because its good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果，因为它对我的健康有益。Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然每个人都在这儿，我们开始开会吧。目的状语从句so that(以便；为了)，in order that(为了)He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早，以便能赶上公交车。续表状语从句的分类从句的引导词例句结果状语从句so that(结果是)，sothat/suchthat(如此以至于)Its so hot that nobody wants to go out.天太热，以至于没人想出去。让步状语从句though/although(尽管；虽然)，even if(即使)，whatever(无论什么)，wherever(无论哪里)，whenever(无论何时)Wherever you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟着你。Whenever you come，I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来，我都会等你。比较状语从句than(比)，asas(和一样)，not as/soas(不如)He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。地点状语从句where(的地方)，wherever(无论哪里)Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。注意：英语中有些时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时态时，它所引导的状语从句使用一般现在时表达将来的意思，这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon as，as long as，once等；表示条件的if，unless，so long as，in case等。【考点抢测】(A)1.When will your aunt leave for Shanghai?I dont know，but Ill call you as soon as she _Aleaves Bwill leave Cleft(B)2.Betty will ring me up when she _ in Shanghai.Aarrive Barrives Carrived(A)3.My brother will travel around the world if he _ lots of money.Ahas Bhave Chad(C)4.Some of the students are nearsighted _ they spend too much time watching TV or playing online games.Awhen Bthough Cbecause(A)5.Youd better look up the new word in a dictionary _ you dont know it.Aif Bthat Cthough(A)6.I wont take part in Jacks birthday party _ I am invited.Aunless Bafter Cbecause定语从句【满分点拨】关系词功能先行词例句that，who主语、宾语、表语that，whom宾语人、物Do you know the girl that/who often comes here？你认识经常来这儿的那个女孩吗？Hes the boy(that/whom) I talked with just now.他就是刚才和我说话的男孩。that，which主语、宾语、表语事、物A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解释单词意思的书。时间Ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我将永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。地点The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我们参观的那个学校是上海的一所名校。注意：定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况：(1)当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。如：Is there anything that I can do for you？我能为你做点什么吗？(2)当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用“that”。如：Tom told her mother all that had happened.汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。(4)当先行词是被序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。(5)当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。如：This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能帮你的人。(6)先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能使用“that”。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得的有关学校的事和人。(7)当主句是以who，which开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用“that”，或者一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中第一个从句中已用who，which，第二个从句只能使用“that”。如：Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterda