高考英语二轮复习课件（解析版）：第2模块-完形填空专题八议论文型完形填空（湖北专用）.ppt

专题八 议论文型完形填空,专题八 议论文型完形填空,专题八 专题导读,议论文是湖北省高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：(1)开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点，然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。,专题导读,(2)导入式提出论点。有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。(3)最后提出论点。有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。 对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易多了。,专题八 专题导读,2012江苏卷 请认真阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。 The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost nonexistent. In the world of digital technology, email, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be _1_. Solitude can be hard to discover _2_ it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have _3_ our culture.,专题八 真题典例,真题典例,The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) _4_ as weve known it. People have become so _5_ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted _6_ they d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, email, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our _7_， but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become _8_ on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not _9_ it would make them an outsider. _10_， many jobs and careers require people to be _11_. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work.,专题八 真题典例,Being reachable might feel like a _12_ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who _13_ wants it. Computers can be shut _14_ and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many _15_， as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up _16_ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel _17_ and forced to answer unwanted calls or _18_ to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society _19_ across generations. Some find todays technology a gift.,专题八 真题典例,Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyones view on the subject, its hard to imagine what life would be like _20_ daily advancements in technology. 1. Aupdated Breceived Cshared Dcollected 2. Athough Buntil Conce Dbefore 3. Arespected Bshaped Cignored Dpreserved 4. Aedge Bstage Cend Dbalance,专题八 真题典例,5. Asensitive Bintelligent Cconsiderate Dreachable 6. Aeven if Bonly if Cas if Dif only 7. Amedia Bcomputers Cdatabases Dmonitors 8. Abent Bhard Ckeen Ddependent 9. Afinding Busing Cprotecting Dchanging,专题八 真题典例,10. AAlso BInstead COtherwise DSomehow 11. Aconnected Btrained Crecommended Dinterested 12. Apleasure Bbenefit Cburden Ddisappointment 13. Aslightly Bhardly Cmerely Dreally 14. Aout Bdown Cup Din,专题八 真题典例,15. Aaspects Bweaknesses Cadvantages Dexceptions 16. Ahidden Blost Crelaxed Ddeserted 17. Atrapped Bexcited Cconfused Damused 18. Aturn Bsubmit Cobject Dreply 19. Avary Barise Cspread Dexist 20. Abeyond Bwithin Cdespite Dwithout,专题八 真题典例,【要点综述】在当今的数字技术时代，独处的想法是几乎不可能存在的。网络技术的发展给人们生活带来了便利，同时也有着不便。 1C 当今世界拥有数字技术、电子邮件、社会网络、在线视频游戏、信息等可以分享(share)。 2C 独处一旦(once)放弃就很难找到。 3B 在这方面，新的技术已经形成了(shape)我们的文化。 4C bringto an end意为“使结束，使终止”，符合句意。,专题八 真题典例,5. D 在网络连接的世界中，人们已经变得如此容易联系到(reachable)。 sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“聪明的，有才智的”；considerate“体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的”。 6. A 在网络连接的世界中，人们已经变得如此容易联系到以至于即使(even if)不愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系。 7. B 今天我们不仅可以用电脑(computers)来交谈、发短信、发电子邮件、聊天、写博客，而且也可以用手机做这些事情。 8. D 多数发达国家已经依赖于(be/become dependent on)数字技术。bent“弯曲的”；hard“严厉的”；keen“爱好，喜欢的”。,专题八 真题典例,9. B 从这一点看不使用数字技术使他们成为局外人。 10. A 此处进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系。故also“也”正确。 11. A 而且许多工作和职业要求人们相互联系(connected)。 12C 对于那些可能不想被时刻联系上的人来说，被联系上会感到是一个负担(burden)。 13D “我”猜想积极的一面是，独处对于那些真正(really)想独处的人来说还是有可能的。,专题八 真题典例,14B shut out“把关在外面”；shut down“关闭，使停工”；shut up“闭嘴，住口”；shut in“围住，监禁”。由后面的手机可以关闭可知选B。 15C 由后面的as well as disadvantages可知选C(advantages)。 16B 游客在山中迷路(lost)，手机已经救了无数条生命。 17A 由被迫回答不需要的电话可知手机也会使人们感到被束缚(trapped)。 18D 这里是指被迫回复(reply)不需要的短信息。,专题八 真题典例,19A 由后文的“有的人发现当今科技是礼物，有的人则认为是诅咒”可知人们对此的态度是有所不同(vary)的。 20D 不管人们对这个问题的看法怎样，如果没有(without)当今科学技术的发展，很难想象我们的生活会是什么样子。,专题八 真题典例,专题八 新题预测,(一) Years ago, when I was looking for my first job, wise advisers told me, “Barbara, be enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you _1_ than any amount of experience.” How right they were. Enthusiastic people can turn a(n) _2_ drive into an adventure, extra work into an opportunity and strangers into friends.,新题预测,“Nothing great was ever _3_ without enthusiasm，” wrote Waldo Emerson.It is the inner voice that _4_， “I can do it！” When others shout, “No, you cant.” It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be _5_ accepted. Yet she didnt give up her experiments. Work was such a deep _6_ for her that she never thought of stopping.,专题八 新题预测,It is hope _7_ gives enthusiastic people such a youthful air, _8_ their age. At 90, musician Pablo Casals would start his day by playing the Bach. As the music _9_ his fingers, his bent shoulders would _10_ and joy would reappear in his eyes. Music, for Casals, was an exciting thing that made life a neverending _11_. Elizabeth Layton of Wellsville, Kansas, was 68 _12_ she began to draw. This activity _13_ the depression that she has suffered from for 30 years, and the _14_ of her work led one critic (评论家) to say, “I have to call Layton a genius. Elizabeth had rediscovered her _15_.”,专题八 新题预测,How do you rediscover the enthusiasm of your childhood? The answer, I believe, _16_ the word itself. “Enthusiasm” comes from the Greek and means “God within”. And “God within” is _17_ else but a sense of lovea proper love of self, that is selfacceptance, and the love of others _18_. Enthusiastic people also love what they do, _19_ money or fame or power. If we cannot do what we love as a fulltime career, we can do it as a parttime _20_. 1.A.further Bless Cbetter Dfarther 2.A.interesting Blong Cboring Dshort 3.A.discovered BachievedCsought Ddescribed,专题八 新题预测,4.A.says Btalks Cquarrels Dwhispers 5.A.frankly Bgenerally Chonestly Dwarmly 6.A.pleasure Bsuccess Cfeeling Dlove 7.A.which Bwhat Csince Dthat 8.A.whenever Bwhichever Cwhatever Dwherever,专题八 新题预测,9.A.went through Bpulled through Cgot through Dflowed through 10.A.strengthen Bwiden Clighten Dstraighten 11.A.routine Badventure Ctrip Dtravel 12.A.after Bwhile Cuntil Dwhen 13.A.ended Bcompleted Cbegan Dstarted,专题八 新题预测,14.A.amount Bquality Cbeauty Datmosphere 15.A.enthusiasm Bstrength Cadvantage Dpower 16.A.consists of Bdates from Clies in Dbelongs to 17.A.something Banything Cnothing Dnone 18.A.follows Bruns Cgoes Daccompanies,专题八 新题预测,19.A.in spite of Bregardless of Cbecause of Dor rather 20.A.goal Btask Cinterest Dassignment 【要点综述】 如果没有热情，一个人将一事无成。诺贝尔医学奖的获得者芭芭拉麦克林托克、杰出的西班牙音乐家帕勃罗卡萨尔斯用自己的亲身经历告诉我们这一道理。 1A 热情会比大量的经验带给你更大的成功。take sb. far使前途远大。further更高程度的，更进一步的；farther (距离、时间上)更远的，较远的。,专题八 新题预测,2C 热情的人能把一次“乏味的”(boring)驱车变成一次冒险。 3B 如果没有热情，一个人将一事无成。achieve表示“达到，获得，如愿以偿”。discover“发现，找出”；seek“寻求，探求”；describe“描述，形容”。 4D 当别人都叫嚷你不行时，热情就像你内心深处的一个声音对你低语。whisper与后面的shout形成对比。 5B 经历了好多好多年才使得自己早期的工作得到社会的广泛(generally)认可。 6A 工作对她来说是如此快乐的事情，以至于她从来没有想过要停下来。,专题八 新题预测,7D 正是这种孩子般的好奇心使得那些热情的人始终保持年轻态，无论他们的年龄如何。“It is hope that”为强调句型。 8C 见上题解析。whenever“无论何时”；whichever“无论哪个”；whatever“无论什么”；wherever“无论在哪里”。 9D 当那美妙的音乐流过他的手指，他的肩膀就会挺直，他的眼睛里会重放喜悦的光彩。go through“经历，检查，浏览”；pull through“(使)脱离危险，(使)恢复健康”；get through“通过，到达，度过，接通电话”；flow through“流过，流经”。 10D 见上题解析。,专题八 新题预测,11B 对于卡萨尔斯来说，音乐是使人生变成无止境的探索之旅的灵丹妙药。此处与开头的adventure相呼应。 12D 当堪萨斯州威尔斯威尔市的伊丽莎白莱顿开始学习绘画时，她已经68岁了。 13A 这项活动结束了(end)困扰她至少30年的悲伤情绪。 14B 她的绘画作品的质量使得一位评论家这样说道，“我不得不承认雷顿是个天才。”amount数量；quality质量；beauty美丽；atmosphere气氛。 15. A 根据下文“rediscover the enthusiasm of your childhood”可知，伊丽莎白又找回了她的“热情”。,专题八 新题预测,16. C 问题的答案在于这个词本身。consist of“包含，由组成”；date from“起源于，追溯到”；lie in“在于”；belong to“属于”。 17. C “内在的上帝”不是别的，而是一种持久不变的爱恰当的自爱，即自我接受。 18. A follow此处意为“跟随”。 19. B 热情的人们热爱他们所做的事，而不是考虑钱和权力。in spite of“尽管”；regardless of“无论，不理会”；because of“由于”；or rather“确切地说”。 20. C 如果我们不能把热爱的事作为正式职业，我们也可把它当作业余爱好(interest)。,专题八 新题预测,(二) When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last，someday youll most certainly be right. ” It made a(n) _1_ on me，and since then，for the past 33 years，I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself：“If today were the _2_ day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today？” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a _3_， I know I need to change something.,专题八 新题预测,About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. The doctors told me this was almost _4_ a type of cancer that is incurable，and that I should _5_ to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs _6_， which is doctors code for preparing to die. I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy (活组织检查)，and it _7_ to be a very rare form of cancer that is _8_ with surgery. I had the surgery and Im fine now.,专题八 新题预测,No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to _9_ dont want to die to get there. And yet death is the _10_ we all share. No one has ever _11_ it. And that is as it should be, because _12_ is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Lifes change agent. It _13_ out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, _14_ someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so _15_， but it is quite _16_.,专题八 新题预测,Your _17_ is limited，so dont waste it _18_ someone elses life. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner _19_. And most important, have the courage to _20_ your heart and intuition (直觉) 1A.decision Bimpression Cattraction Ddifference 2A.first Bbest Cworst Dlast 3A.row Bline Cweek Dmonth,专题八 新题预测,4A.thoroughly Bdesperately Ccertainly Dnaturally 5A.hope Bwish Cexpect Ddesire 6A.in order Bin place Cin hospital Din time 7A.worked out Bturned out Cpointed out Dfound out 8A.terrible Bacceptable Cimaginable Dcurable,专题八 新题预测,9A.hell Bchurch Cheaven Dspace 10A.destination Borigin Cfate Dfrustration 11A.expected Bescaped Cunderstood Dtolerated 12A.Disease BBirth CGrowth DDeath 13A.sorts Bcarries Cclears Dpicks,专题八 新题预测,14A.but Band Cor Dso 15A.common Beffective Cdramatic Dtroublesome 16A.fantastic Bdesirable Ccommon Dtrue 17A.money Btime Cenergy Dchance 18A.disturbing Bentering Cliving Denjoying,专题八 新题预测,19A.voice Bnoise Csound Dwhisper 20A.follow Btake Cfind Dfight 【要点综述】 本文选自乔布斯2005年在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。他的演讲告诉大家：一定要听从自己的心声，不要被旁人的想法所左右。 1. B 这句话给“我”留下深刻的印象。make an impression on sb.是固定短语，意思是“给某人留下印象”。,专题八 新题预测,2. D 由上文“If you live each day as if it was your last”可知答案选D。自那以后，在过去的33年中，“我”每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己：“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天，我会去做今天打算做的那些事吗？” 3. A 每当答案连续多日都是“不会”的时候，“我”知道“我”该做些改变了。in a row意为“连续几次的”。 4. C 医生告诉“我”那几乎是一种无法治愈的癌症。certainly“无疑，确定，肯定”，符合语境。 5. C “我”至多还能活三到六个月的时间。expect“预计，预料”，符合语境。,专题八 新题预测,6. A 医生叫“我”回家，然后整理好“我”的一切，这是医生让病人等死的婉言。in order“整齐，整洁”。 7. B 结果竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的癌症。turn out“结果是”，符合语境。 8. D 根据上题解析可知，选D项。curable“可医治的，可治愈的”。 9. C 即使是想上天堂的人，也不会为了去那里而死。 10 . A 但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。destination“目的地，终点”，符合语境。origin“起源，出身”；fate“命运”；frustration“受挫，挫败”。 11B 无人幸免。escape是“逃脱”的意思，符合语境。,专题八 新题预测,12D 从句后可知答案。死亡很可能是生命唯一最好的创造。它是生命变化更替的推动力。 13C 它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。clear out“把清空，清理”。 14A 你们现在是新生的一代，但是不久的将来，你们会慢慢变老，然后被逐出人生的舞台。but表示“转折”，符合语境。 15C “我”很抱歉说得这么戏剧性。dramatic“戏剧性的”，符合语境。 16D 但这就是真实的人生。,专题八 新题预测,17B 你们的时间很有限，所以不要把时间浪费在重复其他人的生活上。 18C 见上题解析。live alife(以某种方式)生活。 19A 不要让其他人喧嚣的观点淹没你内心的声音。 20A 最重要的是，你要有勇气去追随你的内心和直觉。follow表示“追随，遵循”。,专题八 新题预测,专题八 备用习题,(一) 2012上海卷 People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another _1_， subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his _2_ ;,备用习题,sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to _3_ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In _4_ these and other research findings，two themes are _5_ : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think _6_ assistance. In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. _7_ , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be _8_， but had apparently been “lost”.,专题八 备用习题,The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very _9_ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to _10_ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive. The degree of _11_ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner.,专题八 备用习题,In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) _12_ Tshirt than a person wearing a Tshirt printed with offensive words. Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone _13_ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for _14_ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be _15_ rather than drunk.,专题八 备用习题,1. A. study B. way C. word D. college 2. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back 3. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive 4. A. challenging B. recording C. understandingD. publishing 5. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing,专题八 备用习题,6. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept 7. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example 8. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed 9. A. talented B. goodlooking C. helpful D. hardworking 10. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down,专题八 备用习题,11. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact 12. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange 13. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances 14. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health 15. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick,专题八 备用习题,【要点综述】 在什么情况下人们更容易得到帮助？研究表明：我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人；外表有吸引力比不太有吸引力的人更容易得到帮助；生病跌倒比喝醉跌倒更容易得到帮助等。 1. A 考查名词。根据下文“these and other research findings”和“in a field study”提示，在另一份研究中，所以选A。 2. C 考查名词。根据下文“if his face was spotless”提示。受害者“脸”上有一个大的红色胎记。,专题八 备用习题,3. D 考查动词。根据下文“are more likely to receive aid”提示选receive。这里指脸上无污点的受害者比有不好看的胎记的受害者更有可能获得援助。 4. C 考查动词。在了解这些和其他研究结果过程中。 5. A 考查形容词。发现两个“重要的”主题。 6. B 考查动词。deserve意为“值得”。句意：因为某种原因我们更愿意帮助我们喜欢的人和我们认为值得帮助的人。 7. D 考查介词短语。下文举例说明观点：In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid，所以选D。,专题八 备用习题,8. B 考查动词。根据下文“actually mailed it or not”提示选mailed。意思是申请被邮寄。 9. B 考查形容词。句意：附在申请上的照片有时是份相貌好看的人的，有时是一个不太有吸引力的人的。 10. A 考查动词短语。句意：结果表明，如果照片上的人外表上有吸引力，人们更可能递送这份申请。send in意为“递送”。 11. A 考查名词。句意：在潜在的提供帮助的人和有需要的人之间的相似程度也很重要。,专题八 备用习题,12. B 考查形容词。这里指T恤上印有攻击性的话和朴素的T恤相对比。plain意为“简朴的；朴素的”。 13. C 考查名词。根据常识应该给“钱”买牛奶。 14. D 考查名词。句意：对健康来说，牛奶被认为比饼干更重要。 15. D 考查形容词。句意：生病跌倒的似乎比喝醉跌倒的更容易得到帮助。,专题八 备用习题,(二) In this modern world, we rush around all day, doing things, talking, emailing, sending and reading messages.We are always on, always connected, always thinking, always talking.There is no _1_ for stillness. And when we are _2_ to be still because were in line for something, or waiting at a doctors appointment, or on a bus or train, we often _3_ something to do.Some will play with mobile devices, others will read something.Being still isnt something were _4_ .,专题八 备用习题,This comes at a _5_ : we lose that time for _6_ , for observing and listening.We lose peace. And _7_ yet: sometimes too much action is worse than no action at all.You can run around crazily, but get _8_ done. Take a moment to think about _9_ you spend your days.Are you constantly rushing around? Are you constantly reading and answering _10_ , checking on the news and the latest stream of information? Are you always _11_ through your schedule? Is this how you want to spend your _12_ ? If so, peace be with you.If not, take a moment to be _13_ .Dont think about what you have to do, or what youve done already.,专题八 备用习题,_14_be in the moment. Then after a minute or two of doing that, consider your life, and how youd _15_ it to be. See your life wi