山西省吕梁市2019届高三英语上学期期末考试模拟试题（含解析）.docx

山西省吕梁市2018-2019学年高三期末考试模拟试题英语试题第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略)第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADessi Sieburths love of birds started about six years ago. Now, he has his own group called Protecting Our Birds.Recently,Dessi,14 years old, chatted with TFK about his work and goals for the future.TFK:What is Protecting Our Birds?DESSI：Birds are citizens of the world, so they need protection. I basically try to do conservation work to help birds get protected throughout the world. I recently wrote an article about a bird called the bartailed godwit(斑尾）.I interviewed a biologist named Nils Warnock, who had studied the bartailed godwit. He expressed the concern about the threat that the bartailed godwit is facing. I wrote an article about his answers to the questions, which is published on the American Birding Association Website.TFK:What impelled you to start this project?DESSI:When I was eight years old, our class had to do a woodworking project, so I chose a bird feeder(喂食盒). I didnt like birds at the time. I made the feeder, filled it up with seed, put it in my backyard and then the birds started coming. I got really interested in birds as more came. I later got involved in my local Audubon Society, which is devoted to conserving and restoring natural ecosystems. It really got me into birds and I realized bird populations were declining, and many are becoming endangered quite rapidly. I wanted to help them, so I started the project.TFK:What are some future projects you plan to work on?DESSI：I live in L.A., where there are a lot of parrots. Most of the parrots native range is in Mexico, but theyre really declining there because of habitat loss. I want to study the parrots and help them in their native range in Mexico, so they can start increasing again.TFK:How can people learn more about Protecting Our Birds and the work youre doing?DESSI：I have a website. Its my free website about protecting our birds. There people can learn about what I do and how to help birds.1. Whats Nils Warnocks attitude to the bartailed godwit?A. Worried. B. Changing.C. Uncertain. D. Optimistic.2. When did Dessi start his project “Protecting Our Birds”?A. After he prepared a feeder for birds.B. After he interviewed Nils Warnock.C. After he studied parrots in Mexico.D. After he joined a local association.3. What will Dessi probably do next?A. Write articles about birds in danger.B. Help parrots losing the natural home.C. Set up a website to teach how to help birds.D. Recreate his own conservation organization.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的DessiSieburth为了保护濒临灭绝的鸟类，他发起了“护鸟”工程。最近他接受了记者的采访，在访谈中，他谈到了启动这个工程的初衷、他做的鸟类保护工作以及未来的打算。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的He expressed the concernaboutthe threat that the bar-tailed godwit is facing.可推知，Nils Warnock对斑尾鹬的生存前景深表忧虑。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段I later got involved in my local Audubon Society, which is devoted to conserving and restoring natural ecosystems. It really got me into birds and I realized bird populations were declining, and many are becoming endangered quite rapidly. I wanted to help them, so I started the project.可知，DessiSieburth加入了当地Audubon协会，了解鸟类的生存现状后，他才启动了“护鸟”工程。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段I want to study the parrots and help them in their native range in Mexico, so they can start increasing again.可知，DessiSieburth接下来会致力于保护那些失去了栖息地的鹦鹉。故选B。【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题1中选择项中Worried与文中的expressed the concern表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。BThe National Civil Rights MuseumThe National Civil Rights Museum is a word-renowned cultural attraction that draws thousands of visitors each year. This institution examines the civil rights struggles faced by both our city and our nation throughout the history.The Lorraine Motel:Today the National civil rights Museum is partially housed in the Lorraine Motels history, however is a short and sad one. It opened in 1925 and was originally a “white” establishment. By the end of World War II, however, the motel had become minority-owned. It was for this reason that Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. stayed at the Lorraine when he visited Memphis in 1968.Dr.King was assassinated on the balcony of his hotel room on April 4th of that year. Following his death, the motel struggled to remain in business. By 1982,the Lorraine Motel went into foreclosure(抵押品赎回权).Saving the Lorraine:With the future of the Lorraine Motel uncertain, a group of local citizens formed the Martin Luther King Memorial Foundation for the only purpose of saving the motel. The group raised money, solicited donations, took out a loan, and partnered Lucky Heart Cosmetics to purchase the motel for $144, 000 when it was up for auction. With the help of the city of Memphis, Shelby County, and the state of Tennessee, enough money was then raised to plan, design, and build what would eventually become the National Civil Rights Museum.The Birth of the National Civil Rights Museum:In 1987, construction began in a civil rights center housed within the Lorraine Motel. The center was intended to help its visitors better understand the events of the American Civil Rights Movement. In 1991,the museum opened its doors to the public. Ten years later, the ground was broken again for a multi-million-dollar expansion that would add 12,800 square feet space. The expansion would also connect the museum to the Young and Morrow Building and the Main Street Rooming House where James Earl Ray purportedly fired the shot that killed Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Exhibits: The exhibits at the National Civil Rights Museum illustrate chapters of the fight for civil rights in our country in order to promote better understanding of the struggles involved. Included in the exhibits are photographs, newspaper accounts, and three-dimensional scenes depicting civil rights events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the March on Washington, and the Lunch Counter Sit-Ins.4. The underlined word “assassinated” (in Paragraph 2) probably means .A. arrested. B. murdered.C. assisted. D. accompanied.5. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that .A. Lucky Hearts Cosmetics tried to build the museumB. the government was against the plan of the motelC. the motel was sold in order to raise more moneyD. the local people found a memorial foundation to save the motel6. What probably happened to the National Civil Rights Museum in 2001?A. An extension was added to the museum.B. Many visitors traveled to the Lorraine Motel.C. The civil rights center was built.D. James Earl Ray killed Dr.Martin Luther King,7. Which of the following can help visitors to know more about the National Civil Rights Museum?A. The treasures. B. The souvenirs.C. The items on display. D. The magazines.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国国家民权博物馆的历史与现在。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词的后句Following his death, the motel struggled to remain in business.中关键词death提示可以猜测出，马丁路德金在酒店房间的阳台上遇刺身亡。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段With the future of the Lorraine Motel uncertain, a group of local citizens formed the Martin Luther King Memorial Foundation for the only purpose of saving the motel.可知，当地居民成立了马丁路德金纪念基金会，唯一的目的就是拯救这家汽车旅馆。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段In 1991,the museum opened its doors to the public. Ten years later, the ground was broken again for a multi-million-dollar expansion that would add 12,800 square feet space.可知，1991年，博物馆向公众开放，十年后，也就是2001年，博物馆进行了扩建。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Building and the Main Street Rooming House where James Earl Ray purportedly fired the shot that killed Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Exhibits: The exhibits at the National Civil Rights Museum illustrate chapters of the fight for civil rights in our country in order to promote better understanding of the struggles involved. Included in the exhibits are photographs, newspaper accounts, and three-dimensional scenes depicting civil rights events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the March on Washington, and the Lunch Counter Sit-Ins.可知，国家民权博物馆扩建之后会有更多的物品展出，可以帮助游客更好的理解民权博物馆。故选C。【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题1要求猜测出assassinated的含义，就是根据此句Following his death, the motel struggled to remain in business.中关键词death提示可，从而推测出assassinated为“暗杀”之意。CIt is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it. The word huh?”is in worldwide use, a study found.Researchers discovered that languages spoken in countries from Ghana and Laos to Iceland and Italy all include huh?, or something that sounds very like it. They said that while the study may sound silly. The word is an absolutely necessary part of speech. Without it and similar words, it would be impossible to show that we havent heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings.But while other words used in the same context, such as “sorry” or “what”, vary widely across languages, “huh?” remains unchanged.The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world, including Siwu, which is spoken in Ghana, and an Australian Aboriginal language, as well as Italian, Spanish, Dutch and Mandarin Chinese.They analyzed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated. All contained a version of “huh?”. The word was also found in another 21 languages. While there were subtle differences in each country, all sounded basically the same.This is surprising because normally unrelated languages will use very different words to describe the same thing. For instance, the Japanese for dog is “inu”, while the French is “chien”.It is thought thatlanguages around the world have developed their own version of “huh?” because the sound is quick and simple to form, as well as being easily understood.The researchers, said that it might seem unimportant to carry out scientific research into a word like “huh?” but in fact this little word is an essential tool in human communication. They also have an answer for those who claim that “huh?” isnt a word. They say that it qualifies because of the small differences in its pronunciation in different languages. It also can be considered a word because its something we learn to say, rather than a grunt or cry that we are born knowing how to make.8. According to researchers, the word “huh?” is very important in speech because of .A. its stable meaning in language development.B. its important function in communicationC. its simple and easy sound and spellingD. its popularity in every language9. What is the natural response if you hear the lady youre speaking to say huh?A. You should ask her to repeat what she says before that.B. You should apologize to her for speaking in a low voice.C. You should invite her to share her different views politely.D. You should try to repeat what youve just said in a clearer way.10. The main method used in the research of huh?”was .A. interviewing language experts in universities.B. talking with people from ten different countries.C. analyzing the recorded conversations in different languages.D. comparing different words with the same meaning in different languages.11. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To inform readers about research on the worldwide used word huh?B. To argue that “huh?” is the most important word in every languageC. To entertain readers by relating similar idioms in different languagesD. To instruct readers of the differences of huh?”in different languages【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A【解析】本文是一篇语言类短文阅读。文章主要讲述了在不同的语言中都用诸如huh这样的词，研究人员对不同语言中的这样的词进行分析研究，发现这些词都有相近的用法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Without it and similar words，it would be impossible to show that we havent heard or understood what had been said and this would lead to constant misunderstandings可知，如果没有这些单词，我们就无法理解别人所说的话也会导致误解。说明这些单词在交流中是非常重要的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段They analyzed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?” and were used to request that whatever had just been said be repeated.可知，当你请求对方再次重复所讲内容的时候，可以使用这些词。也就是说当你听见这些词的时候，你要把自己说过的话更清楚地再说一遍。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段The Dutch researchers carefully studied ten languages from around the world和第五段They analyzed tapes of recorded conversations for words that sounded like “huh?”可知，研究人员仔细研究全世界的十种语言，对每种语言中的huh这样的词的对话进行了分析。所以他们使用的是分析使用了这些词的对话。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。阅读全文，根据文章第一段It is one of the most annoying words in the English language and it seems there is no escaping it. The word huh?”is in worldwide use, a study found.及后文内容可知，本文主要向读者讲述了一些关于全球都使用的词 huh?的研究。故选A。DSince Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed Mount Everest, Mount Qomolangmas peak is no longer a lonely place and is turning into a trash heap.So far, more than 350 climbers have successfully reached the peak. And they have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks (狭窄路段) on the way to the peak,a situation that isnt just uncomfortable its cold and windy up there butdownright dangerous. If bad weather strikes, climbers can die.As a matter of fact, the dangerous crowds arent the only problem on Qomolangma. All those climbers need to bring a lot of gearand much of them ends up being left on the mountain, sometimes even the peak itself. Mount Qomolangma is becoming the worlds largest dump. Heres mountaineer Mark Jenkins writing in National Geographic about the state of Qomolangma: “The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are disgustingly polluted with oxygen cans and torn tents everywhere.”But the good news is that some mountaineers are taking it upon themselves to clean up Qomolangma. Mountianeer Paul Thelen and his friend Eberhard Schaaf are part of the annual Eco Everest Expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish from base camps to the peak since 2008. So far theyve collected over 13 tons of garbage.Some of that rubbish is even being used for a higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage brought down the mountain by climbers. Theyve transformed the cans and oxygen tanksand in one case, part of the remains of a helicopterinto 74 pieces of art that have already gone on exhibition in Nepals capital. Part of the profit from sales will go to the Everest Peakeers Association, which has helped collect tons of rubbish on the slopes of the mountain.12. What do we learn about the bottlenecks on the way to Mount Qomolangmas peak?A. They are relatively safe.B. They are often crowded.C. They are very easy to pass.D. They are sites of base camps.13. What does the underlined word “gear” mean?A. Equipment for climbing mountains.B. The food climbers brought onto the mountain.C. Some important machines used for the bottle necks.D. Some rubbish found on the mountain.14. The group of 15Nepali artists .A. created works of art using rubbish from Qomolangma.B. were employed by the Everest Peakeers Association.C. climbed Qomolangma and collected 1.5tons of trash.D. painted 74beautiful pictures of Mount Qomolangmas peak.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Eco Everest Expedition Proves SuccessfulB. Qomolangma Has Become A Huge MessC. Test Yourself Against QomolangmaD. Recycle Rubbish On Qomolangma【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B【解析】本文是一篇人文地理类短文阅读。文章介绍由于很多人攀登上珠峰，现在那里已经变成了一个垃圾堆。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段And they have complained about waiting for hours in the bottlenecks (狭窄路段) on the way to the peak,a situation that isnt just uncomfortable可知去珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的狭窄路段经常很拥挤。故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段The two standard routes, the Northeast Ridge and the Southeast Ridge, are disgustingly polluted with oxygen cans and torn tents everywhere.两个线路都被氧气罐和破损的帐篷污染了，而前面的句子All those climbers need to bring a lot of gearand much of them ends up being left on the mountain,很多留在山顶上的东西应该是登山者用的设备。可知gear就是“登山的设备”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段As part of the Mount Everest 8844 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1.5 tons of garbage brought down the mountain by climbers. Theyve transformed the cans and oxygen tanksand in one case, part of the remains of a helicopterinto 74 pieces of art that have already gone on exhibition in Nepals capital.可知由15个尼帕尔的艺术家组成的小组用珠峰上的垃圾创作了艺术品。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的内容和第一段Since Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay climbed Mount Everest, Mount Qomolangmas peak is no longer a lonely place and is turning into a trash heap.可知文章是介绍由于很多人攀登上珠峰，现在那里已经变成了一个垃圾堆。故选B。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:Schedule yearly exams._16_Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays (紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses._17_Give your eyes a break.Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. _18_Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away._19_.As pa