2019版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit4Globalwarming含解析新人教版选修6.docx

Global warming李仕才一、阅读理解。Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots. The humanoid (human like) robots with two legs such as Honda Motor Co. Ltds ASIMO would likely have an easier time climbing up stairs inside homes than a robot that moves on wheels, developers say. But it will be some time before such devices make their way into peoples homes. “They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid, ” Shimoyama said. “I dont think they will ever be as smart as humans. ”While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to peoples needs. Researchers at Fujitsu Frontech Ltd and Fujitsu Laboratories responsible for developing “Enon”, a guide and patrol (巡逻) robot designed for use in shopping malls and corporate facilities (公共场所), are working on this. Enon, which has a humanoid upper body but no legs, is equipped with a touch screen on its chest and space in its stomach to carry loads weighting up to 10 kg. In guide mode, it will check a newcomer and approach the person with a nod and a greeting: “Are you a visitor? Hello. ”Visitors requiring directions can point to icons (图标) displayed on Enons chest screen. If the restroom icon is pressed, the screen will display a map that shows the way. The robot will then face and point in the direction of the restroom, although it wont actually walk the visitor there. Enon is now in use at four locations in Japan, including a shopping mall near Tokyo. The main goal is to make it more helpful for the elderly. “People who work in the transportation sector often ask whether we can build a robot that will find elderly people who look lost in train stations, and ask them if they are all right, ” said Toshihido Marita, director of Fujitsu Laboratories Ltds autonomous system laboratory. “Actually that is hard to do, very hard, ” he said. 【文章大意】机器人产业发展得如此迅速, 在本文中作者介绍了名叫“Enon”的机器人, 它被广泛应用在商场、医院等公众场所。1. What can we know about robots according to the text? A. They will replace human one day. B. They are difficult to control. C. They can do whatever humans do. D. They will be widely used in our life. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。文章首段提出“Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots. ”然后在下文详细介绍了几种机器人, 由此判断选D。2. What does Shimoyama think of robots? A. Safe. B. Friendly. C. Stupid. D. Kind-hearted. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid, ”可知他认为机器人很愚笨, 故选C。3. What is peoples concern about robots? A. Safety. B. Appearance. C. Weight. D. Size. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段中“While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to peoples needs. ” 可以判断安全是人们关注的一个问题, 故选A。4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The disadvantages of robots. B. The development and use of robots. C. The benefits that robots bring. D. The history of robots. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了机器人的迅速发展, 然后介绍了几种用来帮助人们的机器人, 由此判断文章主要介绍机器人的发展和使用, 故选B。二、单句语法填空1Father is strongly opposed to _ (go) shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people.答案：goingbe opposed to . “反对”，其中to为介词，其后应接名词、动名词作宾语。2The prices of this kind of wine ranged _ ten yuan _ 100 yuan per bottle.答案：from; torange from . to . “在某范围内变化”。3Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk _ (steady)答案：steadily副词作状语，在句中修饰动词walk。4Do you know how the accident came _ ?答案：aboutcome about “发生”。5With Spring Festival approaching, prices of fruit and vegetables _ (go) up.答案：have gonego up “上升；增长；升起”。6Quantities of money _ (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married.答案：have been spent“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。且由since可知应用现在完成时，再根据money与spend之间的被动关系，故填have been spent。7How many times do you dine out per week _ average?答案：onon average “平均起来；平均来说”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？8Under these _ (circumstance), what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitude.答案：circumstancesunder these circumstances “在这些情况下”。9The gap between the rich and the poor has a _ (tend) to become wider and wider.答案：tendency由设空前的a可知，应填名词形式，tendency “趋势；倾向”。10The heavy snow can easily result _ many accidents in winter.答案：inresult in “导致”。三、完形填空。 When I was young, like you, I had a dream. But my dream wasnt like that of an _1_ kid. It was to be the best tennis player _2_ simply the best “female” one in the world. _3_， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream. I learned how important it is to _4_ a dream and to dream big. My fight began when I was three and I havent taken a _5_ since. But too often, most women are not supported or are _6_ from choosing their path. I hope it could be changed. For me, it was a _7_ of resilience (坚忍). What others marked as _8_ about me my race, my genderI accepted as fuel for my success. I never let anything or anyone _9_ me. I controlled my future. When it comes to equal pay, it frustrates me _10_ I know firsthand that gender differences exist. I would _11_ want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work. Women have to _12_ many barriers to success. One is that we are constantly _13_ we are not men. People call me one of the “worlds greatest female athletes”. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes? We should never let this go _14_. We should be judged by our achievements but not _15_. For everything I have achieved, I am _16_ to have experienced the highs and lows that come _17_ success. I hope my story will be a(n) _18_ for women to fight for their dreams. We must _19_ to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be _20_ in their pursuit.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以自己的事为例呼吁全体女性勇敢追求成功，为争取性别平等而不懈努力。1A.ambitious Bexcellent Caverage Denergetic答案与解析：C根据第一段第三句“It was to be the best tennis player”以及倒数第二段“People call me. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，此处指作者说自己小时候的理想与普通孩子的是不同的，故选average“普通的，一般的”。ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”； excellent“优秀的”； energetic“精力充沛的”。2A.instead of Bregardless of Cother than Dmore than答案与解析：A结合本文主旨以及倒数第二段中的“People call me one of the worlds greatest female athletes. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此强调的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的网球运动员，而不是最好的女网球运动员。instead of“而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；other than“除了”；more than“多于，超出”。3A.Hopefully BFortunately CObviously DGenerally答案与解析：B幸运的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓励她追寻自己的梦想的家人。此处亦与第三段中的“But too often，most women are not supported.”形成对比。hopefully“有希望地”；obviously“明显地”；generally“普遍地”。4A.make up Bset up Ccare for Dpush for答案与解析：D根据下文中的“My fight began when.”“fight for their dreams”可知，这里指作者知道了为梦想而努力是多么重要。push for“为而努力，力争”。make up“编造，构成”；set up“设立，建立”； care for“照顾”。5A.risk Bleave Cbreak Dchance答案与解析：C作者从三岁时就开始为理想奋斗，自此一直从未间断。break“暂停，中断”，符合语境。6A.defended Bexcused Cdiscouraged Ddismissed答案与解析：C但是通常，大多数女性不被支持，或者被阻止去选择自己的道路。discourage“阻止，阻挠”，符合语境。defend“保卫，保护”；excuse“同意免除”；dismiss“去除，摒除”。7A.thought Bquestion Cmoment Dbonus答案与解析：B作者希望这种境况可以改变，在作者看来，这是有关“坚忍”的问题(question)。thought“想法”；moment“时刻”；bonus“意外收获，奖金”。8A.disadvantages Bconcerns Cqualifications Dpersonalities答案与解析：A根据下文中的“my race, my gender”“I accepted as fuel for my success”可知，此处指被别人列为作者的劣势(disadvantages)的东西，比如她的种族，她的性别，作者将它们视为追求成功的动力。concern“担忧”；qualification“资格”；personality“个性”。9A.ignore BattackCcomfort Dlimit答案与解析：D根据下文中的“I controlled my future.”可知，作者从不让任何事或任何人来限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未来。limit“限制”，符合语境。10A.although Bbecause Cunless Dif答案与解析：B当谈起同工同酬问题时，作者感到懊恼，因为她自己亲身体验到性别差异的存在。分析句子结构可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。11A.ever Beven Cnever Djust答案与解析：C根据语境可知，作者永远不希望看到干了同样的工作，女儿得到的报酬却比儿子的少。never“从不，绝不”。12A.break down Btake after Clay aside Dput away答案与解析：A为了获取成功，女性不得不打破许多障碍。break down“打破，消除”，符合语境。take after“追赶，跟踪”；lay aside“留存备用，把放在一边”；put away“猛吃，积蓄，把收起来”。13A.informed Breminded Cassured Dcriticized答案与解析：B其中一个障碍就是总有人提醒我们不是男性。remind“提醒，使想起”，符合语境。inform“通知，告知”；assure“使确信”；criticize“批判”。14A.unchallenged BunpunishedCuncompleted Duncontrolled答案与解析：A根据语境可知，作者在此想表达的是女性不能对此置之不理，而要敢于质疑。unchallenged“不被怀疑的，完全接受的，没有异议的”，符合语境。unpunished“未受惩罚的”；uncompleted“未完成的”；uncontrolled“未受控制的，不加约束的”。15A.appearance Bposition Cbackground Dgender答案与解析：D对我们的评价应该依据我们的成就而不是我们的性别。gender“性别”，符合语境。appearance“外貌”；position“职位”；background“出身背景，学历”。16A.superior Bgrateful Cindifferent Dpreferable答案与解析：B作者从心底里感谢已经经历过的伴随成功而来的起起伏伏。grateful“感激的，表示感谢的”，符合语境。superior“更好的，占优势”；indifferent“不感兴趣，漠不关心”；preferable“更可取的，更合适的”。17A.with Bthrough Cfrom Dbeyond答案与解析：A参见上题解析。with“和，随着”，符合语境。18A.intention Binspiration Csolution Dexpectation答案与解析：B