资源目录
压缩包内文档预览：
编号：19294334
类型：共享资源
大小：1.89MB
格式：RAR
上传时间：2019-05-17
上传人：乐****！
认证信息
个人认证
黄**（实名认证）
广东
IP属地：广东
20
积分
- 关 键 词：
-
A5-241
[A5-241]设计类-单曲柄往复式给煤机
单曲柄往复式给煤机设计
- 资源描述：
-
[A5-241]设计类-单曲柄往复式给煤机,A5-241,[A5-241]设计类-单曲柄往复式给煤机,单曲柄往复式给煤机设计
- 内容简介：
-
第10页中国矿业大学2008届本科生毕业设计 Summarization and improvement of concrete-ejecting machinesFAN Hua QIULinfeng CHENLingfangAbstract :The text introduces the principle ,style and development process of dry and wet type concrete-ejecting machines. It analyzes domesticand foreign application instance ,allkindsofconcrete-ejecting machines mostly merit and flaw. Also it introduces somerepresentational wet con-crete-ejecting machines domestic developed. Some flaws of concrete-ejecting machines are improved.Keywords:concrete-ejectingmachines,frame characteristic ,operating principles , highway.Concrete is the use of compressed air jet, will be allocated a certain level and good water-cement ratio mixing concrete materials, through the pipeline by the jet nozzle, and high speed jet out to the surface by spraying a concrete suppor-t Layer is sprayed concrete construction equipment operations in the main. Asa concrete spraying technology saving concrete and steel, timber, labour-saving and improve construction efficiency and reduce costs, and other characteristics, the concrete applican of the jet increasingly common. Has now been widely us-ed in railway, highway, water conservancy, construction, coal and other buildi -ng works in construction, a tunnel solution, road slope, construction pit, unde-rground works of temporary and permanent care to support the construction m-achinery operations. 1 1 The work of sprayed concrete mechanism and the development trend In sprayed concrete operations, the overwhelming majority of the use of concrete-rotor aircraft, such as jet structure is simple, reliable performance, a small, lightweight, easy to operate and maintenance。Dry jet principle and structure are: the rotor with a liner to a certain speed of rotation, and the combination of pressure plates fixed on the liner fixed, with a board connected into the wind pipe and discharging elbow, when Rotor equipped with materials in the various materials Cup rotation and into the wind to the elbow and discharging the same time, in the role of gas under pressure, and materials through the elbow and expected to lose the material transported to the nozzle a nd nozzle in the water Blasting away.Dry concrete jet of the main advantages is a long distance carrier, simple equipment, durable, but because it is so dry nozzles, mixing concrete mixed with water, and therefore the construction dust, are more resilient, dry spraying operations against workers in the dust Health, in particular the narrow roadway construction, dust pollution is more serious 2。From the 1960s onwards, in Western developed countries, wet spraying began gradually introducing the technology, all kinds of wet concrete Jets also be developed, sprayed concrete and dry the main difference is that enough (in water-cement ratio requirements should be The volume of) the opportunity to join the mixing of different water。Wet sprayed concrete is expected lose their access to the former Mixture has added a foot of water mixing, the loser in the delivery of the cylinder is the wet concrete; dry sprayed concrete is lost in the transmission of the material did not join the mixing Water dry material (ground humidity mixing natural materials or drying materials), and in sufficient volume nozzle before mixing with water, dry mixture and mix quickly after the whole wet concrete delivered to the nozzle, speed up the coagulation of the doped Afte r the jet to beam a material of construction 3.At the national level, as peoples environmental awareness and enhance the quality of sprayed concrete requirements of the increase, an increasing number of wet concrete into the use of jet aircraft. In recent years, some domestic units also began to develop several wet concrete jet, but the scale of production is still to be expanded. To sum up, jet wet concrete of the main advantages are the following:1) greatly reduced the plane and next to the nozzles of dust concentration and eliminate the health hazards to workers. 2) high productivity. Dry concrete Jets general no more than 53 m3 / h, and the use of jet wet concrete, artificial operations up to 103 m3 / h, a mechanical manual, up to 203 m3 / h. 3) The rebound was low. Jet Dry, concrete rebound of up to 15 percent to 50 percent, the wet spray technical rebound rate can be reduced to below 10%. 4) wet spray, easy to control because of water-cement ratio, a high degree of concrete hydration, it can significantly improve the quality of sprayed concrete and improve quality of the concrete absorbed.2 Wet concrete Jets and the type of work principleConcrete Pumping main piston pump-jet spray and a wet-wet spraying machine screw pump two categories. Piston pump-jet aircraft will be wet plunger-wet concrete as a concrete pump the basic body jet, with the export pipeline to the nozzle and in this Access to compressed gas will jet out of concrete, wet spray such a heavy machine general However, long distance transmission, Second Beach, the Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Project and other large-scale use of the aircrafts main disadvantage is that low productivity, and screw the stator sets of wear and tear more serious, there was little scope of application.3 Domestic wet concrete Jets3. 1 SPZ26-wet concrete Jets SPZ26-wet concrete jet sent to a gas-rotor aircraft wet concrete, and its working principle of Liwa 280 Ruishi A similar model, by its rotor rotary motor driven by reducer, the aircraft equipment less investment, high productivi ty, light weight , Good mobility 4.3. 2 PZ25B Concrete jet aircraft to spray dry, wet spray and spray tide. It automatically clean, non-stick block, cutting speed, little more than expected, h igh efficiency.3.3 impeller wet concrete wet concrete impeller jet aircraft is a new wet spraying machine, it adopted a impeller feeding device, a reliable, long life, to aggregate size of the big advantages. At present, Chinas development of the wet concrete pumping and dual-use spray-spray-wet concrete tunnel construction is indispensable to engineering equipment, the main impeller and rotor piston-type pumps and wet spraying machine. Impeller and rotor piston wet spraying machine short-distance transportation, displacement of small, fragile pieces of short life, serious leakage pulp, cleaning a long time 5.4 Jet promote the use of wet concrete in some of the issues to be resolvedAt present, due to wet jet technology has obvious advantages, wet concrete Jets in the project is also an increasing number of applications, but because there are some outstanding issues, the wet concrete to promote the use of jet played a certain obstacles Role, even in China, currently the main sprayed concrete operations is still dry spray.1) use of wet concrete jet of liquid condensate, a joint venture of imports and higher prices (up to 6000 yuan / t 8 000元/ t), and domestic liquid condensate of no production, should be relatively dry Spray of powder and quick-setting low price (more than 1000 yuan / t).2) low labor costs and peoples environmental awareness to be increased.3) wet concrete jet operations, more complex equipment, operation and maintenance of jet aircraft for less than dry. 4) the use of wet concrete jet operations, higher equipment investment.5 Improvement of concrete-ejecting machines5.1 After the concrete improvement of the characteristics of a jet1) dust better. The improved use of the seal can not be dust, has greatly improved the working conditions of workers, increased labor productivity.2) increase the flexibility of high-adhesive rubber material cavity. Concrete can be an effective solution to the problem of bonded easily, remove the concrete to reduce the number of bonded and improve labor efficiency.3) use of wear-resistant rubber pads. Rubber mats more than double the wear resistance, a decrease of rubber pads to reduce the frequency of the use of replacement cost. 4) the overall change from the original drive shaft composed of three parts, not easy to solve the demolition, the problem of maintenance.5.2 Improve the difference between before and after the concrete Jets1) the original concrete jet rotating body formed by the wear-resistant cast iron foundry, without treatment, after the rust-bonding, improved after the jet cavity spraying anti-rust treatment and greatly reduce the possibility of a bond. 2) the original concrete jet rotation of direct contact with the material I, Mifengbuyan; feed mouth without sealing device, improved to increase a wear-res istant rubber pads and mouth and feed ring.3）In rotating body and mouth spray to increase flexible rubber material, and the rotation of the original concrete jet spray and a flexible rubber mouth cavity. Concrete work of a high-pressure jet of air cavity, flexible rubber in the air cavity under the pressure of being compressed, rotating body is constantly rotating, when the rotation of the chamber passed a flexible rubber pressure zone, the pressure disappeared, flexible Rubber cavity in the stretch under its own restitution due to the high flexibility of rubber attached to the cavity on the concrete and scattered by squeezing down, automatic removal of the concrete bonding, in order to facilitate maintenance and replacement of the rotating flexible rubber Liu cavity, the overall 12 will be split into four cavity, each of the three cavity. The same token, I expected to increase in a flexible rubber material cavity. 4) the original concrete jet drive shaft for the overall structure, cleaning up the rotating body cavity or replacement work flexible rubber material cavity, to be screened in Shangzuo body and can also Xiediao, will improve the entire shaft is divided into three parts , The middle of a connecting shaft, through the home side, connecting shaft, the pin will be linked to the two-axis, demolition, only to tear down the shaft can be connected in blocks of lift, the replacement of flexible rubber body cavity or clean-up rotation, Province when the effort, boosted by increasing the flexibility of rubber rubber seal cavity and the drive shaft connected to the body structure and effective solution to the dust and inconvenience to the demolition of concrete and bond issues, some use from the scene, has been made Good results.6 The endconclusion of a wave while spraying can reduce dust concentration and reduce the rate of rebound, but the dust hazard still exists, still higher rates rebound from the required standard there is still a considerable distance. All countries in the world of wet concrete of the jet at the same time, developed a jet of wet concrete, and increasingly mature, many countries have started to use a lot. Chinas current wet-spray method is still in testing stage and not yet fully promote the application level. Mainly wet spraying machine size, complexity of the aggregate demand high, and Chinas production of liquid condensate, the admixture of poor, the impact of the wet jet promotion and application. In this regard Chinas many units have begun research, and has made big progress 7. Development of reliable performance, small size, for the scene to promote the use of the wet spraying machine is still the future of sprayed concrete technology one of the main direction.1 Xu Tianen. Concrete Jets the status quo and development trend of J. Coal Science and Technology, 1997, 25 (9): 30231. 2 Liu Yun Kai. Concrete dust and jet-bonded improvements J. Jiangsu coal, 2003 (4): 61262. 3 Wang Xiaobao. Wet concrete Jets and the type of development J . Engineering machinery, 2004 (11): 48249. 4 Chen Hui-Han. Improve rotor aircraft service life of concrete technical means J. Well built, 2003 (8): 36237. 5 Fan Guang-qin, Zeng Kang Sheng, Xu Long Wharf, etc. jet fly ash concrete support of the pilot study J. Well built, 1993 (2): 66267. 6 Yi Gong initiatives, Han Jun, ZHANG Ren-water. High Strength of sprayed concrete J. Coal Science and Technology, 1993, 21 (2): 40242. 7 Wang Fangrong. Analysis of Chinas concrete spraying technology and equipment J. Well built, 1996, 79 (5 ): 45,246中文译文混凝土喷射机的概述及改进樊华邱林锋陈玲芳摘 要:介绍了干式和湿式混凝土喷射机的工作原理、类型、发展过程,分析了国内外应用情况和各类混凝土喷射机的优缺点,并对近年来国内研制开发的几种具有代表性的湿式混凝土喷射机作了介绍,对混凝土喷射机的问题进行了技术改进。关键词:混凝土喷射机,结构特点,工作原理,公路混凝土喷射机是利用压缩空气,将按一定级配和水灰比拌和好的混凝土料,通过输送管经喷射机的喷嘴,并以很高的速度喷射出去,从而在受喷面上形成混凝土支护层,是目前喷射混凝土施工作业中的主要设备。由于混凝土喷射技术具有节约混凝土和钢材、木材,节省劳动力,提高施工效率,降低工程费用等特点，因此混凝土喷射机的应用越来越普遍。目前已被广泛地应用于铁路、公路、水利、建筑、煤炭等建筑工程的施工中,成了解决隧道、道路护坡、建筑基坑、地下工程的临时和永久支护理想的施工作业机械 1 。1目前在喷射混凝土作业中,绝大多数是使用转子式混凝土喷射机,因为这种喷射机结构简单、工作性能可靠、外形小、重量轻、维修和操作方便。干式喷射机工作原理和结构特征是:带有衬板的转子以一定的转速旋转,而结合板压在衬板上固定不动,结合板上连接有进风管和出料弯头,当转子中装有物料的各个料杯转动到与进风管和出料弯头相通时,在压气的作用下,物料通过出料弯头和输料管输送到喷嘴,并在喷嘴处加水喷射出去。干式混凝土喷射机的主要优点是输送距离长、设备简单、耐用,但由于它是使干拌和混凝土喷嘴外与水混合,故而施工粉尘,回弹均较大,干喷作业产生的粉尘危害工人健康,尤其是窄小巷道工程施工中,粉尘污染更为严重 2 。从20 世纪60 年代起,在西方发达国家中,湿喷技术开始逐渐推行,各种湿式混凝土喷射机也陆续开发出来,与干法喷射混凝土的主要区别在于足量(按水灰比要求应加的量) 拌合水的加入时机不同;湿式喷射混凝土是在其进入输料管前混合料中已加了足量的拌合水,输料管中输送的是全湿混凝土;干式喷射混凝土是在输料管中输送未加入拌合水的干料(地面自然湿度拌合料或烘干料) ,而在喷嘴前再加足够量拌合水,与干混合料迅速混合为全湿混凝土后输送至喷嘴处,经掺加速凝剂后形成料束喷至施工面 3 。在国内,随着人们环保意识的增强以及对喷射混凝土质量要求的提高,已有越来越多的湿式混凝土喷射机进入使用。近几年来,国内一些单位也开始开发研制出几种湿式混凝土喷射机,但生产规模尚有待于扩大。概括起来,湿式混凝土喷射机的主要优点有以下几方面:1) 大大降低了机旁和喷嘴外的粉尘浓度,消除了对工人健康的危害。2) 生产率高。干式混凝土喷射机一般不超过53 m3/ h ,而使用湿式混凝土喷射机,人工作业时可达103 m3/ h ,采用机械手工作业时,则可达203 m3/ h。3) 回弹度低。干喷时,混凝土回弹度可达15 %50 % ,采用湿喷技术回弹率可降低到10 %以下。4) 湿喷时,由于水灰比易于控制,混凝土水化程度高,故可大大改善喷射混凝土的品质,提高混凝土的匀质性。2 湿式混凝土喷射机的种类及工作原理随着混凝土湿喷技术的应用,各国分别开发出一系列的湿式混凝土喷射机根据湿式混凝土喷射机的工作原理,可分为泵送型及气动型两大类 3 。2. 1 泵送型湿式混凝土喷机泵送型混凝土喷射机主要有柱塞泵式湿喷机和螺杆泵式湿喷机两类。柱塞泵式湿喷机是将柱塞式混凝土泵作为湿式混凝土喷射机的基本机体,在输送管出口装以喷嘴并在此通入压缩空气,将混凝土喷射出去,这类湿喷机一般较笨重,但输送距离长,在二滩、小浪底等一些大型水利工程中使用,该机型的主要缺点是生产率低,螺杆和定子套的磨损较严重,故而应用范围不大。2. 2 气送式湿式混凝土喷机这类湿喷机是利用压缩空气将物料在软管中以“稀薄流”的形式输送至喷嘴直接喷出,该机为并排的两个罐,一个喷射,一个备料,罐的底部各有一个横卧的螺旋输送器,喷射罐内通入压缩空气,湿拌合料经螺旋送进输料管,在喷嘴处,通过气环引入的压缩空气使拌合料喷射出去,机动性差。3 国产湿式混凝土喷射机3. 1 SPZ26 型湿式混凝土喷射机SPZ26 型湿式混凝土喷射机是一种气送转子式湿式混凝土喷射机,其工作原理与瑞士阿利瓦280 机型相似,其转子由电动机经减速器带动旋转,该机设备投资少,生产率高,重量轻,机动性好 4 。3. 2 PZ25B 型混凝土喷射机该机适用于干喷、潮喷和湿喷。它能自动清洗,不粘堵,下料速度快,余料少,效率高。3. 3 叶轮式湿式混凝土喷射机叶轮式湿式混凝土喷射机是一种新型湿喷机,它采用了一种叶轮喂料装置,具有工作可靠、使用寿命长、适应骨料粒径范围大等优点。目前我国研制的混凝土泵送和湿喷两用机混凝土湿喷机是隧道施工中不可缺少的工程设备,目前主要有叶轮式、转子活塞式及泵式湿喷机。叶轮式和转子活塞式湿喷机的输送距离短、排量小、易损件寿命短、漏浆严重、清洗时间长 5 。4 湿式混凝土喷射机推广应用中需解决的一些问题目前,由于湿喷技术具有明显的优势,湿式混凝土喷射机在工程中的应用亦越来越多,但是,由于存在着一些尚待解决的问题,对湿式混凝土喷射机的推广应用起到了一定的阻碍作用,以至于在我国,目前主要的喷射混凝土作业方式仍是干喷。1) 湿式混凝土喷射机多采用液体速凝剂,进口及合资产品售价
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。
川公网安备: 51019002004831号