2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit2Cloning含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 2 Cloning李仕才一、阅读理解。In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who dont. About 65% of American men aged 6274 with a professional degree are in the workforce(劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift(变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling(渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap(获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding(先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了在发达国家有专业技能的人的工作年限更长及其原因分析。1What is the common phenomenon in the workforce in rich countries?AYounger people are replacing the elderly.BWelleducated people tend to work longer.CPeople with no college degree cannot find any job.DUnemployment rates are decreasing year after year.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who dont.”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。2In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that Aeconomic growth will slow downBgovernment budgets will decreaseCmore people will try to receive higher educationDthere will be more competition in the job marketA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) . pensioners will create government budget problems.”可知，选A。3According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries?AUnskilled workers may choose to retire early.BMore and more people have to go abroad to hunt for jobs.CPeople may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.DEven wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D。4The underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”Aa completely different environmentBpractical knowledge and technical skillsCa better understanding of policy changesDthe courage to face difficulties and dangersB解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选B。二、单句语法填空1She was forced _ (retire) early from teaching because of ill health.答案：to retirebe forced to do . “被迫做”；retire “退休”。2Many local people _(object) to the building of the new airport.答案：objectedobject to . “反对”。3It wont make much _(differ) whether you go today or tomorrow.答案：difference由空前的much可知应填名词difference。make a/no/some/much difference 表示“有/没有/有些/有很大影响/作用/关系”。4He owes his success more _luck than _ ability.答案：to; toowe . to . “把归功于”。5Alcohol acts on the brain, so drivers are forbidden_ (drink) it when they drive a car.答案：to drinkbe forbidden to do . “被禁止做某事”。6_(strike) by strong snowstorms, the area faced a severe water and electricity shortage.答案：Struck过去分词短语在该句中作原因状语。7The question _will take his place is still not clear.答案：whowho引导同位语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“的人”，从句说明question的内容。8The advantage is _the cost of this method is low.答案：that设空处引导表语从句在从句中不作成分，无语义，只起连接作用，故填that。9I cant _(undertake) that you will win in the election.答案：undertake由空前的情态动词can可知应填动词原形。I cant undertake that . “我无法承诺”。10You can use my computer on condition _ you return it tomorrow.答案：thaton condition that . “条件是；只要”。三、完形填空。My mother was a responsible teacher and she retired.So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.She had a little bit of computer _1_，so I just set it up for her and let her _2_ with it on her own.As time went on，I _3_ the computer was hardly touched.She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her.I sat and _5_ everything and she seemed OK with what I said.Unfortunately，my sister called me at that moment _6_ we talked on the phone for an hour.Then when I saw her again，she was sitting in front of the computer，looking quite _7_.The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared and she didnt know how to _8_ it off.She had tried _9_ every key and it didnt work.I told her，“Just _10_ the mouse a little.” What I meant was that she just needed to move the mouse around to _11_ the computer up.What she did was to _12_ the mouse and start shaking it around in midair until the _13_ went completely black.I couldnt help laughing because of her funny _14_.The more I laughed the _15_ she got.She thought that I was a(n)_16_ teacher and she decided to figure the thing out herself.Well，at least I helped her overcome her _17_ of breaking something and encouraged her to _18_ a little.About a week later，I found a homemade _19_ card with a mouse on the front making a funny face _20_ to my door.It said，“Thanks for the computer lessons.Love，Mom.”1A.theoryBknowledgeCtechnology Dhistory2A.watch BtrainCplay Dsee3A.found BheardCthought Dignored4A.why BwhenChow Dwhere5A.learned BdescribedCexplained Ddiscussed6A.and BbutCbecause Dsince7A.amusing BrelaxedCinteresting Ddiscouraged8A.get BbreakCcut Dturn9A.hitting BfeelingCchanging Dremoving10A.hang BshakeCrub Dpush11A.clean BwakeCbring Dtake12A.put up Bcut offCpick up Dput away13A.screen BcurtainCcover Dwindow14A.adjustment BimitationCexpression Daction15A.ruder BhappierCangrier Dbetter16A.impatient BhumorousCcareful Dhelpful17A.sadness BpressureCfear Ddepression18A.reply BobserveCanswer Dexperiment19A.inviting BgreetingCshopping Dbirthday20A.appeared BstuckCcombined Dprinted【解题导语】该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事。1B根据下文中的“She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her”可推知，作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少，此处指电脑知识(knowledge)。2C根据上文中的“So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time”可知，作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩。play with.“玩”。3A随着时间的推移，作者发现(found)电脑几乎没被碰过。4C根据下文中的“I decided to teach her”可推知，母亲并不知道怎么(how)使用电脑，于是作者决定教她。5C根据空处前一句“I decided to teach her”和空后的“and she seemed OK with what I said”可推知，作者给母亲讲解(explained)了相关的电脑知识。6A根据语境可知，空处应填连词and，表示“然后，接着”。7D结合语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，感到很泄气(discouraged)。8D根据空前的“The screen saver(屏幕保护程序)had appeared”及常识可推知，电脑出现屏幕保护程序，母亲不知道怎么把它关掉。turn off“关掉”。9A根据空后的“and it didnt work”可推知，母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序，于是就按(hitting)了每一个键。10B根据语境可推知，作者教母亲稍微晃动(shake)鼠标即可。下文中的“start shaking it”也是提示。11B根据语境可推知，作者是让母亲移动鼠标，唤醒电脑。wake up“唤醒”，符合语境。12C根据空后的“start shaking it around in midair”可推知，母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来(pick up)，在空中摇晃。13A根据语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，拿着鼠标乱晃，结果电脑屏幕(screen)全黑了。14D根据语境可知，作者被母亲搞笑的行为(action)给逗乐了。15C根据语境可知，作者越笑，母亲越生气(angrier)。16A根据空后的“she decided to figure the thing out herself”可推知，身为老师的母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法，认为作者没有耐心(impatient)。17C根据语境可推知，作者帮助母亲走出了害怕(fear)损坏东西的阴影，鼓励母亲再尝试一下。18D参见上题解析。experiment“尝试”，符合语境。19B根据语境可知，母亲自己制作了一张贺卡(greeting card) ，对作者表示感谢。20B根据语境可知，此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上。stick to.意为“粘/贴在”。四、单句改错1The story he told the police differed in the one he told his mother._答案：infromdiffer from . “和不同”。2Owed to her assistance, we succeeded in starting the engine._答案：OwedOwingowing to . “因为；由于”，为固定用法。3It suddenly struck to me that we should make a new plan._答案：去掉toIt strikes sb. that . “某人突然想起”。4My mother makes a promise if I passed the exam, she would buy me a watch._答案：promise后加that该句为that引导的同位语从句，that虽不作成分，但也不能省略。5Encouraging by the speech, the young man made up his mind to take up the struggle._答案：EncouragingEncouraged主语the young man 与encourage之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。五、短文改错Mike，a famous writer，lives just next door to me.He is always ready give a helping hand to others，but he enjoys great popularity in the neighborhood.He often teaches us how to write stories and encourages me about his own experience.He told to me he was born in a poor family.As a little boy，he has a dream to become a famous writer.He worked hardly and overcame thousands of difficulty.Finally，he entered a university in that he wrote many story books.Up till now，aging only forty，he has been very famous around the country.【答案】Mike，a famous writer，lives just next door to me.He is alwa