2019届高考英语一轮基础选习题模块5Unit1Gettingalongwithothers（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Unit 1 Getting along with others李仕才一、阅读理解。If youre looking for information you can trust about kids and teens，youve come to the right place.KidsHealth is the mostvisited website for information about health，behavior，and development from before birth through the teen years.On a typical weekday，KidsHealth gets as many as a million visits.One of the things that make KidsHealth special is that its really four sites in one：with sections for parents，for kids，for teens，and for educators.KidsHealth is more than just the facts about health.It also provides families with advice about a wide range of problems that affect children and teens.To do this，our editorial staff always communicates complex medical information in language that readers can understand and use.And all KidsHealth articles, games，and other content go through a rigorous medical review by medical experts to ensure that the information is as reliable and uptodate as possible.Along the way，KidsHealth has received its share of recognition，including four Webby Awards(Best Family/Parenting Site and Best Health Site on the Web)，the Parents Choice Gold Award，the Teachers Choice Award for Family，and the International Pirelli Award for best educational media for students.KidsHealth cannot take the place of an inperson visit with a doctor，who can perform examinations and answer questions.But we work with foundations and other groups that support our goal：helping with the healthy growth of families.They help to fund additional KidsHealth educational programs and inspire families to make the best choices possible.We welcome you to join us in supporting families.We depend on our millions of visitors to let us know their thoughts about KidsHealth，how weve been helpful，and ways we can improve the site.If you have a correction to request，please send that along，too.I guarantee well listen.1Whats the text mainly intended for?AIntroducing a website.BAdvertising for visitors.CAppealing for sponsorship.DDrawing attention to kids health.2Which of the following words can replace the underlined word“rigorous” in Paragraph 3?AUnnecessary. BStrict.CCasual. DPotential.3What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?AThe huge reliability of KidsHealth.BThe wide popularity of KidsHealth.CThe educational role of KidsHealth.DThe great achievements of KidsHealth.4What can we know about KidsHealth from the text?AIt is not intended for adults.BIt shows only healthrelated facts.CIt aims at helping families grow up healthily.DIts contents are sometimes difficult to understand.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了KidsHealth网站的相关信息。【难句分析】One of the things that make KidsHealth special is that its really four sites in one：with sections for parents，for kids，for teens，and for educators.分析：本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语；第二个that引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分。译文：让KidsHealth特别的其中一件事是它事实上是一个四合一的网站：有父母版块、儿童版块、青少年版块和教育工作者版块。1A考查目的意图。文章第一段已经点明主题，再结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要是介绍一家网站的，故选A。2B考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“review by medical experts to ensure that the information is as reliable and uptodate as possible”可知，该网站上的所有文章、游戏和其他内容都要经过专家的严格审查，以确保其可靠性，画线词表示“严格的”，故选B。3D考查段落大意。根据第四段的“KidsHealth has received its share of recognition”并结合整段内容可知，该网站得到了广泛认可，获得了一些奖项，即取得了巨大成就，故选D。4C考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段第二句“But we work with foundations and other groups that support our goal：helping with the healthy growth of families”可知，KidsHealth网站的宗旨是帮助家庭健康成长，故选C。二、单项选择1.Surely the most _ thing would be not to believe these ridiculous lies.A. abstract B. diverse C. sensible D. sensitive【答案】C【解析】abstract 抽象的；diverse 多种多样的；sensible 明智的，通情达理的；sensitive 敏感的。句意：最明智的办法无疑是不要相信这些无稽的谎言。2.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary _ from them to help rebuild the economy.A. commitment B. appointment C. instrument D. requirement【答案】A【解析】 commitment 承诺， 许诺； appointment 任命，约会，职务，职位；instrument 仪器，乐器；requirement要求。句意：现在，银行业恢复了往日的神采，我们希望银行能够做出重大承诺来帮助重振国家的经济。3.He will be generous and merciful to his opponents, as well as to those who are weaker than himself.A. ambitious B. cautious C. merciful D. punctual【答案】B【解析】ambitious 有野心的；cautious 谨慎的；merciful 仁慈的；punctual 守时的。句意：对待弱小者，他宽厚大方、仁慈善良，即便对他的对手也是如此。4._ the terrorist attack that happened in the city on March 1, the spokesman said that all suspects responsible for it would be severely punished.A. In harmony with B. In connection with C. In addition to D. In regard to【答案】D【解析】句意：关于 3 月 1 日发生在该市的恐怖袭击，这位发言人说所有对这个罪行负责的嫌疑犯都会受到严厉的惩罚。 根据句意可知， 用 in regard to“关于”。in harmony with 与和谐； in connection with 和有关(相关)；in addition to 除以外(还)。5.You can rely on _ she will come to your help. She is honest and kind-hearted.A. it that B. it C. that D. that it【答案】A【解析】句型：rely on it that.指望。句意：你可以指望他来帮助你。她诚实心地善良。6.I dont suppose they will come if it rains, _?A. do I B. doesnt it C. will it D. will they【答案】D【解析】否定的转移，反义疑问句跟宾语从句中的谓语一致。句意：我认为如果下雨他们是不会来的, 是吗？7._ can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.A. Nobody B. Anybody C. Somebody D. Everybody【答案】A【解析】Nobody can help but do sth.=cant help but do sth.=cant help doing sth.，意为“忍不住做某事，情不自禁做某事”。句意：没有人能够忍住不为科幻小说带给我们的科幻世界着迷。8.In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers _ regularly rather than _ expensive weight-losing pills.A. to work out, to take B. working out, taking C. to work out, take D. to working out, taking【答案】C【解析】句型：prefer to do A rather than do B。句意：为了减肥，年轻女性更倾向于规律性地做运动而不是去吃昂贵的减肥药。hang out 闲逛；9.We would rather our daughter _ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not achild any longer.A. would stay B. has stayed C. stayed D. stay【答案】C【解析】would rather 后面的从句要使用虚拟语气，如果从句表示与现在将来相反，所以使用一般过去时，如果与过去相反，要使用过去完成时。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿待在家里，但是这是她的选择，她已经不再是孩子了。根据句意可知是与现在事实相反，所以使用一般过去时。10.What made your skin look so terrible?_ to the sunlight for a long time.A. Because it was exposed B. After being exposedC. Being exposed D. Exposed【答案】C【解析】句意：什么使你的皮肤看起来如此糟糕呢？可知是对主语进行提问。答语为：长时间暴露于阳光下使我的皮肤看起来如此糟糕。be exposed to 暴露于，所以用动名词做主语，省略了重复的部分。11.Did you turn off the lights before you left the computer room?Oh, I forget _ them off. Ill go to do it.A. having been turned B. to turn C. to have turned D. turning【答案】B【解析】forget to do sth.“忘记要做某事”；forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”。根据答语可知，没有做关灯这个动作，故应该用不定式，排除 B、D；A 项是完成式的被动式，这儿“turn”还没有发生，更不是被动。故选 B。注意 forget turning=forget to have turned。句意： “你离开电脑室前关灯了吗？”“噢，我忘记关了。我现在就去关。 ”12.Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim?A. to go B. going C go D. having gone【答案】B【解析】feel like doing sth.想要做某事。动词短语 feel like 后面只能接动名词做宾语。句意：今天很热，你想要去游泳吗？D 项表示的是已经完成的动作。13.Young people may risk _ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone【答案】C【解析】risk doing sth.意为“冒险做某事” 。句意：年轻人如果每天都置身于非常吵闹的音乐声中，他们的耳朵可能有失聪的危险。14.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on _ all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thank B. thanking C. having thanked D. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】go on to do 接着做不同的事情。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖后，安妮本尼迪克特接着感谢在她演艺生涯中所有帮助过她的人。15.What is the best way you can imagine _ the overuse of water in our school?A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce【答案】B【解析】you can imagine 是定语从句，way to do 做某事的方法。句意：你能想象出的最好的、解决我校过度用水的办法是什么？三、完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。An 18yearold student at Stanford University was struggling to pay his fees.Not knowing where to turn for money，he came up with a bright _1_.He and a friend decided to host a musical concert on campus to _2_ money for their education.They_3_ out to the great pianist Ignacy JPaderewski.His manager_4_ a guaranteed fee of$2,000 for the piano recital(独奏会)A deal was_5_ and the boys began to work to make the concert a _6_.The big day arrived.But _7_ ，they had not managed to sell enough tickets.The total _8_ was only $1,600.Disappointed，they went to Paderewski and explained their plight(困境)They gave him the entire $1,600，plus a _9_ for the balance$400.They promised to honor the check at the _10_ possible.Paderewski tore up the check，_11_ the$1,600 and told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees.The boys were_12_ ，and thanked him heartedly.It was a small act of _13_.But it clearly marked out Paderewski _14_ a great human being._15_ should he help two people he did not even know? We all _16_ situations like these in our lives.And_17_ of us only think“If I help them，what will happen to me？”The truly _18_ people think，“If I dont help them，what will happen to them？”They dont do it _19_ something in return.They do it _20_ they feel its the right thing to do.1A.timeBtaskCidea Ddecision2A.receive BraiseCborrow Ddonate3A.reached BturnedCpointed Dcalled4A.increased BcoveredCconsidered Ddemanded5A.rejected BstruckCcanceled Dattracted6A.success BcareerCbackground Dperformance7A.uncertainly BunbelievablyCunfortunately Dundoubtedly8A.cost BbillCcollection Dallowance9A.benefit BprofitCcharge Dcheck10A.soonest BlatestClongest Dfarthest11A.took BcountedCdeposited Dreturned12A.pleased BsurprisedCfrightened Dinterested13A.devotion BkindnessCsympathy Dteamwork14A.like BforCas Dto15A.How BWhereCWhen DWhy16A.come across Bdeal withCadapt to Dthink of17A.both BfewCnone Dmost18A.able BrichCgreat Dfamous19A.taking BexpectingCoffering Dpreparing20A.because BthoughCbefore Dso【解题导语】两个大学生本想通过组织一场音乐会赚取学费，可是音乐会并不成功，但善良的受邀钢琴家的大方举动却给他们解了围。1C根据设空后的He and a friend decided to host a musical concert.可知，他和朋友决定举办一场音乐会以筹集学费，这是他的想法(idea)。故选C项。2B根据上文中的Not knowing where to turn for money可知，由于学费不够，他和朋友决定举办音乐会来筹集学费。receive意为“收到”；raise意为“筹集”；borrow意为“借”；donate意为“捐献”。故选B项。3Areach out to意为“表示对感兴趣；表示愿意提供援助”；turn out意为“证明是；结果是”；point out意为“指出”；call out意为“大声呼叫；呼喊”。根据第二段可知，他们开音乐会要邀请著名的钢琴家，说明他们对这位钢琴家有兴趣。故选A项。测训诊断：本题考生易误选B项。考生易把turn to“求助于”和turn out to“证明是；结果是”以及reach out to“表示对感兴趣”混淆。4D根据设空后的a guaranteed fee可知，钢琴家的经纪人要求(demanded)他们付2,000美元的保证金。故选D项。increase意为“增加”；cover意为“覆盖；遮蔽；包括；报道”；consider意为“考虑；细想；认为”。5B根据设空后的began to work可知，他们之间达成了协议。strike a deal意为“达成协议”；reject意为“拒绝”；cancel意为“取消”；attract意为“吸引”。故选B项。6A他们达成了协议，并且为了音乐会的成功举办，他们开始积极筹备。故选A项。success意为“成功的事”，career意为“职业；事业”；background意为“背景；出身”；performance意为“表演；演出；表现”。7C根据前文可知他们达成了协议，再根据设空后的had not managed to sell enough tickets可知，他们并没有卖出足够的票，这对他们来说是不幸的。故选C项。8C根据设空后的$1,600以及下文的$400可知，此处指他们总的筹款为1,600美元。cost意为“花费；成本；代价”；bill意为“账单”；collection意为“筹集的钱；收藏品”；allowance意为“津贴；补贴”。9D根据下文的They promised to honor the check at the _ possible.可知，因为他们并没有筹到足够的钱，所以又写了400美元的支票作为欠款。故选D项。10A他们承诺尽快(soonest)承兑支票，故选A项。11D根据空前的Paderewski tore up the check及空后的told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees可知，钢琴家撕毁了支票，并且还把1,600美元还给了(returned)他们让他们当做学费。故选D项。12B根据上文可知，他们本来是承诺了要给钢琴家2,000美元，但却没有筹够钱，而钢琴家又把钱还给了他们，因此，他们非常惊讶(surprised)而且非常感激。故选B项。pleased意为“高兴的；快乐的；满意的”；frightened意为“害怕的”；interested意为“感兴趣的”。13B根据上文可知，钢琴家没有要保证金，而且把钱给了两个大学生充当学费，因此这是一个善举。devotion意为“献身；贡献”；kindness意为“善良”；sympathy意为“同情”；teamwork意为“团队合作”。故选B项。14C钢琴家的善举使得他更显人的伟大之处。mark.out as意为“使看上去脱颖而出成为”，符合语境。故选C项。15D根据下文可知，每个人都遇到过帮与不帮别人的问题，由此可推测，本句应是探讨帮助别人的原因。故选D项。16A根据下文And _ of us only think“If I help them, what will happen to me？”可知，我们都曾遇到过类似的情况。come across意为“偶遇；邂逅”，符合语境。故选A项。deal with意为“处理；处置”；adapt to意为“适应”；think of意为“想起；想到”。17D根据语境可知，此处应指我们大多数，故选D项。18C根据上句可知，大多数人是在想帮助别人对自己的影响，而伟大的人却想如果不帮助别人对他人有什么影响。great意为“伟大的”，符合语境。故选C项。19B根据上文的“If I dont help them, what will happen to them？”可知，他们是在考虑别人，不求(expecting)回报。故选B项。20A根据最后一段可知，伟大的人不求回报地去帮助别人，他们之所以这么做，是因为他们感觉这是正确的事情。因此，设空处表原因，引导原因状语从句。故选A项。四、七选五。Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example, the first letters of My elephant eats too many eels spell out the hidden message Meet me. 3 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message Meet me would read 13 5 5 20 13 5.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or senten