般将来时的结构与用法.ppt

一般将来时结构与用法,一、一般将来时的构成及用法：,一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 助动词shall/will + 动词原形（当主语第一人称时，一般用shall，shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。）,肯定式: 主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他 否定式: 主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他. 疑问式: Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语+shall/will . (否) No,主语+shall/will+not ,肯定式: 主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他 否定式: 主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.,not,not,缩写形式: ll =shall/will he will= hell shant= shall not wont = will not,疑问式: Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他,- Will they go there to study English? - Yes, they will. - No, they will not.,表示说话人征求对方的意见,Will you pass me that cup? Will you (please) help me with maths? Will you please lend me your pen?,Shall we have a drink? Shall I open the window? Where shall we have the meeting?,will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时或示说话人向对方提出请求常用于第二人称。,特殊疑问句,一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句. （就主语提问时，以疑问词 who 开头的疑问句除外.）,- Why will you be here on Sunday? - Ill have a meeting on Sunday.,对特殊疑问句要进行具体回答。,一般将来时的主要用法：,1、表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态： We shall(will) come to see you the day after tomorrow. There will be a wonderful show next week. 2、表示将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态： The students will come and work in the lab once a week. we shall come and work in this factory every year.,二、will(shall)+ 动词原形与 to be going to + 动词原形两种句型表示将来的区别,两者有时可以通用， 但两者有时有区别:,-What are you going to do this evening? -Im going to see a film. You will be forty years old next year. Tomorrow will be Sunday again.,只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。例如： I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨。,1.当表示主观方面“打算，准备” 去做什么事情的时候，往往用be going to +动词原形，而will 则多用来表示纯属客观的将来：,2. be going to+动词原形可表示事先计划的意图,而 will 则表示说话人当时决定的意图;,He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习，准备参加考试。（不能用will替换） Can somebody help me? 谁能帮我一下吗？ I will. 我来。（不能用be going to替换）,Were going to drive you home after the meeting. Dont call a taxi. Well drive you home. I feel ill now, and Ill go to see the doctor. Im going to see the doctor this evening.,表示即将要发生的动作. Hurry up! Were about to leave. The football match is about to begin in a few minutes.,三、be about to 结构表示将来,四、Revision of all forms with future meaning,（一）、 shall/will动词原形,1.will可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时， 用于第一人称I和we，作为will的一种替代形式。,2. will , shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例如： It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。,2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。例如： He isnt going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。,（二）、be going to动词原形 1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如： There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）,（三）、现在进行时 表示位置转移的动词常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事是事先安排好的。例如： The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。,（四）、一般现在时 动词be；表示位置转移的动词和表示“开始，结束”的动词（如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等）与一般现在时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的动作或事态将要发生，日程不易改变，口气肯定。例如： School finishes on January 18th. 学期一月十八日结束。,Functional Practice,Functional Practice: I.asking someone to do something:,1. Will you open the window please? will you pass me the chocolate, please? Will you lend me $500, please? - ok. - sure. no,I wont; 2. Excuse me, Im lost. Can you help me? Can you give me a lift? Can you post this letter for me, please? - certainly. - Yes, of course. - Sorry, Im afraid I cant.,1. informal What time does my flight leave on Tuesday? The flight leaves at 16:40. What times the meeting? What time are the interviews for the assistant manager? 2. formal Whats the arrival time in Paris? Its dep