听力教程二Unit6答案.doc

Unit 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics- Stress, Intonation and AccentPeter: Youve been to Zanada, havent you? Peter: Oh yes, I remember. You went a couple of years ago, didnt you ?Peter: Now, lets see . Its er, its a mainly agricultural country, isnt it? Peter: Well yes, I know, but theres not much industry once youve left the coast, is there? Peter: I see . Mm, so the North would be the best place to go to, wouldnt it? Peter: Yeah. Mind you, I should think the South is very beautiful, isnt it? Peter: (laughs) Yeah. Thats right. Oh and what about transport? Itd be better to hire a car, wouldnt it? Peter: Really? Thats cheap. It costs that much a day here, doesnt it? Peter: Yeah, well thats fine, Maggie. Thanks a lot. Bye.Part 2 Listening and Note-taking Identifying CriminalsCan computers help the police to identify criminals? Experts now think computers can make it easier for the police to find people they want to question.At the present, the system most widely used by the British police is called Photofit. Witnesses describe a suspect and then a picture is built up like a jigsaw（锯曲线机）, using five different sets of features. These are: hairs, eyes, nose, mouth and chin. This system can be very useful in finding criminals, but only in one case out of twenty. Quite often, almost half the time, in fact, Photofit pictures are misleading. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, the picture may look nothing at all like the suspect. Secondly, likeness may be so general that it is not at all helpful. And unfortunately, a bad likeness can lead to the arrest of an innocent person.Witnesss attitudes can influence their descriptions. In a recent experiment, a group of people was shown a picture of a man and told that he was a mass murderer. When asked to produce Photofit pictures of this man, they made pictures that showed a murderous-looking individual. But at the same time, a second group was shown the same picture and told that the same man was a lifeboat captain who had received a medal for bravery. When the second group produced Photofit pictures, these showed a man who was handsome and well-groomed. The police have another way of identifying criminals. Police records contain tens of thousands of photographs of people convicted of crimes. Witnesses can look through these in the hope of recognising suspects; however, it has been discovered that a witness begins to forget the culprits (criminal) features after spending a long time looking through these photographs.The computer system called FRAME (Face Retrieval and Matching Equipment) combines the best features of both methods. All the photographs on record are put on the computer file. When a witness describes a suspect, the computer searches the file for photographs that fit the description. The witness is then presented with a small number of photographs to look through.Of course, this system, as it exists at present, will only help to identify people whose photographs are already on police files. So now, experts have to work on the problem of getting accurate descriptions from witnesses. One thing they have discovered is that witnesses give better descriptions when they are encouraged to recall the scene of the crime. They do not need to go there: just imagining the scene works just as well.Exercise A:1. Computers can make it easier for the police to find people they want to question.2. A bad likeness can lead to the arrest of an innocent person.3. A witness begins to forget the culprits features after spending a long time looking through these photographs.4. Experts have to work on the problem of getting accurate descriptions from witnesses.5. Witnesses give better descriptions when they are encouraged to recall the scene of the crime.Exercise B: Identifying CriminalsI. The Photofit systemA. Witnesses describe a suspect.B. Then a picture is built up, using five different sets of features. 1. Hair. 2. Eyes. 3. Nose. 4. Mouth. 5. Chin.C. Advantage 1. This system can be very useful in finding criminals.D. Disadvantage 1. But only in one case out of twenty the method is accurate. 2. Almost half the time Photofit pictures are misleading. 3. There are two reasons for misleading. i. Firstly, the picture may look nothing at all like the suspect. ii. Secondly, the likeness may be so general that it is not at all helpful. E. Witnesses attitudes can influence their descriptions.II. Another way of identifying criminals A. Police records tens of thousands of photographs of people convicted of crimes. B. Witnesses look through these in the hope of recognising suspects.III. FRAME (Face Retrieval and Matching Equipment) A. A computer system combines the best features of both methods. B. All the photographs on record are put on the computer file. C. The computer searches the file for photographs that fit the description. D. The witness is then presented with a small number of photographs to look through. E. Disadvantage 1. The system will only help to identify people whose photographs are already on police files. 2. Descriptions from witnesses must be accurate.Section Two Listening Comprehension Dialogue 1 I Dont Believe It!A: No, I think its a load of rubbish myself. I mean, some people believe anything, dont they? Well, it doesnt make sense, does it? Things flying around in the sky, coming down from another planet and all that? No, I think when the scientists say its happened and we can explain how it happened - I mean, when we have some real proof, then Ill believe it.B: There could be some truth in it, but I tend to think its just a tourist attraction. I cant explain the photographs. And then there are the photographs of Bigfoot, the erm, er, Abominable Snowman* in the mountains of India. Well, thats the same sort of thing. I suppose it could be true, but its the same with all these stories, youd like to see it for yourself before you believe it.C：Oh, yes. They definitely exist. Yes, I believe that some people come back to haunt* us. I mean, weve all had strange feelings about people who are no longer with us, or strange feelings about certain places. I think those feelings are a kind of ghost. We dont always see something, you know, in a long white dress going whooo-ooo in the middle of the night, but we can have strong feelings about the past. Some people have very strong feelings so they actually begin to see things, something moving, a shape, a light, I dont know. Scientific facts cant explain everything in this world, you know.Exercise：Probably some photographs of mysterious shapes, footprints or that sort of things. 2. The first speaker.Exercise B:1. I only believe things when there is real proof or scientific explanation.2. People sometimes just duplicate old mysterious stories in a new setting to attract tourists.3. There do exist ghosts. When people have a very strong feeling about the past, they begin to see ghosts. Dialogue 2 Unidentified Flying ObjectsInterviewer: Mr Burton, you say that you have seen a UFO. Is that right?Mr Burton: Yes, absolutely right. It happened just over a year ago.Interviewer: And where was this?Mr Burton: Near my home in Aldershot, in the south of England. I live near the big military base in Aldershot.Interviewer: What time of day was it?Mr Burton: It was about one oclock in the morning. I was out fishing. The weather forecast said it was going to be a warm, clear night with no clouds, and thats perfect for fishing.Interviewer: And what happened?Mr Burton: Well, I saw a bright light coming towards me at about three hundred feet, and then it started to land. It was behind some trees, but I could see it clearly because there was a full moon. Then I saw two forms coming towards me, and when they were about five feet away, they just stopped and looked at me for a good ten or fifteen seconds.Interviewer: What did they look like?Mr Burton: They were quite small, about four feet tall, dressed in green suits from head to foot, and they had helmets of the same colour with a red visor*, so I couldnt see their faces. They both carried space guns.Interviewer: Did they speak to you?Mr Burton: Yes. The one on the right said Come this way, please.Interviewer: Werent you frightened? . I mean, werent you surprised that they spoke English.Mr Burton: They spoke in a funny accent. It sounded more like a machine talking than a person. No, I wasnt frightened. I dont know why. The one who spoke started to walk towards the light, and I followed him, with the other one behind me. We got to a wall and the first form just walked through it! I couldnt believe it! 1 had to climb over it, and then we got to the spaceship.Interviewer: What did that look like?Mr Burton: It was about forty-five feet across, and silver, very, very shiny, and there were round windows all round the side.Interviewer: Did you go inside?Mr Burton: Yes, I did. There were steps going up, and we went into an octagonal* room. I stood there for about ten minutes. The walls, the floor, and the ceiling were all black, l couldnt see any controls or instruments, but there was a central column going up from the floor to the ceiling, about four feel wide, right in the middle of the room. Interviewer: Were there any more of these forms? Mr Burton: No, just the two. Suddenly, one of them said Stand under the red light. I couldnt see any red light, but then 1 moved to the right and 1 could see it up on the wall, just under the ceiling. I stood there for about five minutes, and then a voice said What is your age? I said Seventy-four. Then they told me to turn around. After about five more minutes one of them said You can go. You are too old and ill for our purposes. So I left and went back, to the river. Interviewer: Did the spaceship take off? Mr Burton: Yes, I heard a very high-pitched noise, like a scream, and the thing took off straight into the sky and disappeared. I sat by the river and watched it go. This was about two oclock. Interviewer: Then what did you do? Mr Burton: Next morning I went to the police, and in the afternoon someone from the Ministry of Defense came to my house to interview me.He told me to keep quiet about the whole thing, and tell absolutely no one. I thought this was very strange, but I did as he told me. Interviewer:Why have you decided to tell people about it now? Mr Burton: Because I want people to know what happened to me. I didnt use to believe in UFOs, but now I know they exist. I think governments are trying to hide something, but people have a right to know. Interviewer：Thank you, Mr Burton, very much. A fascinating story. Passage 1 The Loch Ness MonsterThe Loch Ness is an enormous lake in Northern Scotland. It is about 24 miles long and one mile wide, and has an approximate depth of 1000 feet.One of the strangest and most fascinating things about Scotland* is the Loch* Ness Monster. Some people believe in the monsters existence. Many do not! However, very important bodies of people do believe there is some truth in the famous monster story: experts from Britains Royal Air Force*, scientists from the Boston Academy of Applied Science* and computer specialists from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S.A.), to mention but a few! Loch Ness is an enormous lake in Northern Scotland. It is about twenty-four miles long and one mile wide, and has an approximate depth of 1,000 feet, which makes it very difficult for anybody to find and examine the highly elusive* monster. In fact the first convincing reports of people seeing the monster date from only about six years before the beginning of the Second World War. Since then here have been other sightings, and photographs of the monster have been taken ! Many of these photographs have later been recognized as fakes（捏造的报道）-silly jokes played on an unsuspecting public! However, other photographs have amazed the most searching scientific minds. In fact, it seems certain that something (and probably several of them) does exist in the deep waters of Loch Ness. The most amazing photographs show a flipper* - the flipper perhaps of a very large animal (twenty or thirty feet long, it is imagined). From these photos British specialist in animal life, Sir Peter Scott, who is also an artist, has constructed this picture of what he believes the monster might look like. But where did the monster come from? Did it mysteriously climb out of a prehistoric world beneath the earths crust*? Did it originally swim into the lake from the sea? Before the Ice Age, Loch Ness opened into the sea. Was the young monsters egg frozen into the ice of the Ice Age? And somehow did the monster come alive again when the ice went away? We just do not know! Can we ever find the answers to all the questions surrounding the legend* of the Loch Ness Monster, do you think?Exercise A:Loch Ness is an enormous lake in Northern Scotland. It is about twenty-four miles long and one mile wide, and has an approximate depth of 1,000 feet.Exercise B:l. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. DExercise C:1. One of the strangest and most fascinating things about Scotland is the Loch Ness Monster.2. They are Britains Royal Air Force, the Boston Academy of Applied Science and NASA.3. Because the most amazing photographs show a flipper - the flipper perhaps of a very large animal (twenty or thirty feet long, it is imagined).4. Because before the Ice Age, Loch Ness opened into the sea.5. Sir Peter Scott is a British specialist in animal life and also an artist. Passage 2 FossilFossil*, remains or traces of prehistoric plants and animals, buried and preserved in sedimentary* rock, or trapped in organic matter. Fossils representing most living groups have been discovered as well as many fossils representing groups that are now extinct. Fossils range in age from 3.5 billion-year-old traces of microscopic cyanobacteria* (blue-green algae) to lO,O00-year-old remains of animals preserved during the last Ice Age.Fossils are most commonly found in limestone, sandstone, and shale (sedimentary rock). Remains of organisms can also be found trapped in natural asphalt, amber, and ice. The hard, indigestible skeletons and shells of animals and the woody material of plants are usually preserved best. Fossils of organisms made of soft tissue that decays readily are more rare. Paleontologists* (scientists who study prehistoric life) use fossils to learn how life has changed and evolved throughout earths history.Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form. The fossilization of an organism depends on the chemistry of the environment and on the biochemical makeup of the organism. As a result, not all organisms in a community will be preserved.Plants are most commonly fossilized through carbonization. In this process, the mobile oils in the plants organic matter are leached out* and the remaining matter is reduced to a carbon film. Plants have an inner structure of rigid organic walls that may be preserved in this manner, revealing the framework of the original cells. Animal soft tissue has a less rigid cellular structure and is rarely preserved through carbonization. Although paleontologists have found the carbonized skin of some ichthyosaurs*, marine reptiles from the Mesozoic* Era (240 to 65 million years before present), the microscopic structure of the skin was not preserved.Different types of fossils are found in different geological formations, depending on the prehistoric environment represented and the age of the rock. Older rocks are found on low, eroded continents near the edges of large oceans. Younger rocks are found more commonly where there is active mountain building and volcanic activity. Old fossils are most commonly found where an old mountain range has eroded, such as in eastern North America and northern Europe, or where two old continents have collided, such as in Russia. Younger fossils are found at the ocean side of young mountains where an ocean plate is colliding with a continental plate, such as in western North and south America and in New Zealand.Exercise A:Plants are most commonly fossilized through carbonization. In this process, the mobile oils in the plants organic matter are leached out and the remaining matter is reduced to a carbon film.Exercise B:1. A 2. B 3.C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. DExercise C:1. Fossil, remains or traces of prehistoric plants and animals, buried and preserved in sedimentary rock, or trapped in organic matter.2. Paleontologists use fossils to learn how life has changed and evolved throughout earths history.3. The remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals or dissolved by an acidic solution.4. Old fossils are most commonly found where an old mountain range had eroded, such as in eastern North America and northern Europe, or where two old continents have collided, such as in Russia.5. Younger fossils are found at the ocean side of young mountains where an ocean plate is colliding with a continental plate, such as in western North and South America and in New