野性的呼唤(英文版).ppt

,The Call of the Wild,Jack London,A realistic writer,Born: January 12, 1876 San Francisco, California United States Died: November 22, 1916 (aged 40) Glen Ellen, California United States Occupation :Novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist,Life Experiences,Writing Style,Major Works,Life Experiences,1890,1891,child laborer in a cannery (at 14),oyster pirate(at 15),sailor of a sealing schooner(at 17),1893,1895,jailed for vagrancy,finished high school(at 19),University of California(at 20),1896,1897,Klondike Gold Rush(at 21),writer,reporter,The Son of the Wolf(1900),1916,died from a gastrointestinal of uremia (尿毒症)though it was widely supposed that he committed suicide.(at 40),Writing Style,He was fascinated by the way violence tested and refined human character. Without much stylistic and formal refinement and subtlety of characterization, Londons fiction has the unusual and intriguing power of ancient myth. Although his work can never be classed rough realism, he will always be remembered as the originator of a new type of writing called rough realism. Forceful, and colorful; Subjectivity and enthusiasm His characterizations were often stiff and his dialogue stereotyped. Themes: primitive violence, Anglo-Saxon supremacy, biological evolution, class warfare, and mechanistic determinism.,Writing Style,Major Works,Major Works,The People of the Abyss(1903) 深渊中的人们 The Call of the Wild(1903) 野性的呼唤 The Sea Wolf(1904) 海狼 White Fang(1906) 白牙 Love of Life (1907) 热爱生命 The Iron Heel(1908) 铁蹄 Martin Eden(1909) 马丁.伊登 The Valley of the Moon(1912) 月谷 The Star Rover(1915) 星游人 The Little Lady of the Big House(1916)大屋里的小妇人,Wolf House,特怀曼L托尔利在狼的智慧中对狼有很好的描述及概括。 狼是陆地上生物最高的食物链终结者之一，群居动物中最有秩序，纪律的族群。由于有狼的存在，其他野生动物才得以淘汰老弱残的不良族群；也因为有狼的威胁存在，其它野生动物才被迫进化得更优秀，以免被狼淘汰；也因为有狼非常强的生存能力，适应能力。,Background,Presenter: 彭雪宁 8号,The Call of the Wild: Background,Background knowledge,A gold rush is a period of feverish migration of workers into the area of a dramatic discovery of commercial quantities of gold. the 19th century Australia、 Brazil 、Canada 、South Africa、 the United States,Klondike River,The Call of the Wild: Background,In August 1896, gold was discovered in Rabbit Creek in the Yukon Territory of western Canada.,The Call of the Wild: Background,When news of the find reached the United States, the Klondike gold rush was on.,The Call of the Wild: Background,The gold prospectors, known as “Klondikers,” faced harsh conditions:,temperatures 40 degrees below zero,starvation and malnutrition,long journeys on foot,hundreds of pounds of supplies to transport,About 100,000 people started out in hopes of reaching the Klondike River and finding gold.,Of these, only about 30,000 completed the trip. The rest either stopped somewhere along the way, turned around, or died.,The Call of the Wild: Background,The Call of the Wild: Background,The indigenous people of Alaska and Canada began using sled dogs more than 1,000 years ago.,They depended on these dogs for,protection,transportation,hunting,companionship,The Call of the Wild: Background,In the late 1800s, settlers and explorers started using the dogs to help them explore remote areas, deliver mail, and look for gold.,The Call of the Wild: Background,They have a protective outercoat and an insulating undercoat, that helps them tolerate temperatures as low as 70F.,The Call of the Wild: Background,Certain purebred dogs are commonly used as sled dogs.,Alaskan malamutes,Siberian huskies,Samoyeds,The Call of the Wild: Background,In this harsh and hostile environment like the Yukon Territory,survival is the ultimate challenge.,The Call of the Wild: Background,If strength, courage, and adaptability are the keys to survival,then our hero, Buck, stands a pretty good chance.,Plot,Presenter: 黄裕鑫 25号,Character Analysis,Presenter: 潘影红 27号,Dave: an experienced wheeler, nipped Bucks hind quarters whenever he was in error.,Spitz: the leader of the dogs, an experienced wheeler, he always fierce to his companions, but he could not always get at Buck. Finally, he was killed by Buck.,Parrault and Francois, They are Bucks second owners., Stern and demanding instant obedience, The law of club and tooth 木棒和犬牙法则,Hal, Charles and Mercedes, Hal and Charles: foolish and callow, Mercedes: spoiled and sentimental, Poor plan, a seasoned gold prospector,John Thornton, having a deep, abiding and reciprocal love blossoms between man and dog,Buck- the main character, Full of fighting spirit - the survival of the fittest., The vicious and cunning rulers, Love, loyalty to his owner,The call of the wild,Any opinion is appreciated.,Speak out your thinking.,He did not steal for joy of it, but because of the clamor of his stomach. He did not rob openly , but stole secretly and cunningly , out of respect for club and fang. In short ,the things he did were done because it was easier to de them than not to do them. 他偷东西不是为了从中得到乐趣，而是因为肚子太饿。他不明目张胆地去抢，而是耍点小手腕去偷，这是考虑到木棒和利齿所致。简言之，他之所以这么做是因为做比不做更容易些。, Full of fighting spirit - the survival of the fittest.,He was preeminently cunning, and could bide his time with a patience that nothing less than primitive. 他是头等的狡猾，并且能够用他天生就有的的那种忍耐等待时机, The vicious and cunning rulers,Living in the dog team, Buck did not want to be patient for a long time under another mans domination. When he was beat by the man in red, he already realized the importance of power. Since then, he never forgot the desire to win the leadership of Spitz. After full deliberation and preparation, he killed Spitz in the battle, and finally captured the leader position”, Full of fighting spirit - the survival of the fittest.,Thus, as token of what a puppet thing life is, the ancient song surged through him and he came into his own again. 于是，生命是个任人摆布的傀儡，古老的歌曲在他心中回荡，他重新找回了自我。,The call of the wild,Theme,Presenter:曹嘉惠 30号,a return to primitivism,survival of the strongest,a reflection of society,1,2,3,Theme,a return to primitivism,Old longings nomadic leap, Chafing at customs chain; Again from its brumal sleep; Wakens the ferine strain. 古老荒野的欲望在升腾， 挣脱着习俗的束缚, 再一次从它冬日的长眠中, 唤醒野性不驯的旋律。,Buck released his innate characteristics and returned to primitivism for the long-term maltreatment from his masters.,The novel describes the harsh environment in the north of America in most of the plot, which lays the groundwork for Bucks return to primitivism.,a return to primitivism,survival of the strongest,Survival of the fittest,the super dog image of Buck,Survival of the fittest,The author places Buck in conflict with humans, in conflict with the other dogs, and in conflict with environment-all of which he must challenge, survive, and conquer.,(Herbert Spencers Social Darwinism & Darwins concept ),a. in conflict with humans,On the way to the North, Buck met many his owners who hit him with a club. And its useless to fight them who had a club in their hands. in a world where the club and the fangare law, where the law of the pack rules and a week dog can be torn to pieces by pack members. That survival by whatever means is paramount.,b. in conflict with other dogs,Buck fought against the hungry huskies and a lead-dog called Sptiz in his pack. Buck called on his atavistic hereditary traits to survive so he must learn to be wild to become wild.,His first try to steal food without suspicion. He did not rob openly, but stole secretly and cunningly, out of respect for club and fang. Author : This first theft marked Buck as fit to survive in the hostile Northland environment. It marked his adaptability, his capacity to adjust himself to changing conditions, the lack of which would have meant swift and terrible death. He was fit, that was all, and unconsciously he accommodated himself to the new mode of life.,b. in conflict with other dogs,He learnt to break the ice on water holes with his feet when he wanted to drink. He learnt to how to warm himself.,c. in conflict with environment,predominance i