2020版高考英语总复习Unit4Bodylanguage课时作业必修4.docx

Unit4 Body language.阅读理解AInaforeigncountry,amanvisitedalocalrestaurant.Hedidntspeaktheirlanguage.Heorderedsomethingindecipherable(难懂的)onthemenu.Whenthewaiterbroughthimaplateofdeliciouslookingfriednoodles,hesmiledandmadeanOKsignatthewaiterwithhisthumbandforefingerlinkedinacircle.Lookingangry,thewaiterthenpickedupthedishandthrewittohislap.Whathedidwrong,hewondered.Well,nothingisquiteasitseemswhenitcomestousinghandgestureinanothercountry.Gestureshavebeenusedtoreplacewordsinmanycountries,andtheyareoftenspecifictoagivenculture.Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture,butishighlyoffensiveinanother.Thegesture “thumb-up” iscommonlymisinterpreted.InEnglish,itispopularlyknownas “thumbsup”,despitethefactthattheactioniscommonlyperformedwithonlyonehand.English-speakingCaucasiansuseittosignal “OK”,whichisthesamemeaningasOKringgesture.Thetwocaninfactbeusedalmostinterchangeably.AvoidusingthisgestureinSouthernSardinaorNorthernGreeceunlessyouwanttoinviteafight.WhileAmericans,BritishandAustralianswouldusethethumb-uptosignalhitchhikingtothedrivers,thismessagewillnotencourageaGreekdriverormotoristtostoptogivethemaride.Therearenorightorwrongsignals,onlyculturaldifferences.Lackofculturalunderstandingwillleadtodisharmonyamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Whenweknowwhattolookfor,suchencounterswithotherculturesareactuallyveryinteresting,fascinatingandfun.Itiscertainlyagreattopictodiscussoveracupofcoffeeandcakes.1.Whatdidthemaninthefirstparagraphdowrong?A.Hemisunderstoodthewaiter.B.Hedidntrealizeculturaldifferences.C.Heorderedsomethingonthemenu.D.Hemadethesignalinarudeway.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmean?A.Fullofadmiration.B.Fullofaggression.C.Fullofcomplexity.D.Fullofcertainty.3.Whatwillhappenifyoumakeathumb-uptowardsamaninNorthernGreece?A.Hewillstoptogiveyoualift.B.Hewillgetannoyedandfightagainstyou.C.Hewillaskyoutogivehimalift.D.Hewillmakethesamesignaltowardsyou.4.Whatsthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainthemeaningofdifferentgestures.B.Totellstoriesaboutdifferentcultures.C.Toadviseustohaveanunderstandingofculturaldifferences.D.Topersuadepeoplefromdifferentcountriestoliveinharmony.BScreamingisoneoftheresponseshumanssharewithotheranimals.Conventionalthinkingsuggeststhatwhatsetsascreamapartfromothersoundsisitsloudness.However,manysoundsthatarelouddonotraisegoosebumpslikescreamscan.Tofindoutwhatmakeshumanscreamsunique,neuroscientistLucArnalandhisteamexaminedabankofsoundscontainingsentencesspokenorscreamedby19adults.Theresultshowsscreamsandscreamedsentenceshadaqualitycalled “roughness”,whichreferstohowfastasoundchangesinloudness.Whilenormalspeechsoundsonlyhaveslightdifferencesinloudnessbetween4and5Hz,screamscanswitchveryfast,varyingbetween30and150Hz,thusconsideredtoberoughandunpleasant.Arnalsteamasked20subjectstojudgescreamsasfearfulornot,andfoundthatthescariestarealmostalwaysconnectedwithroughness.TheteamthenstudiedhowthehumanbrainrespondstoroughnessusingMRIbrainscanners(磁共振颅脑扫描仪).Asexpected,afterhearingascream,activityincreasedinthebrainshearingcentreswheresoundcomingintotheearsisprocessed.Butthescansalsolitupintheamygdalae(脑扁桃体),thebrainsfearcentre.Theamygdalaistheareathatrespondstodanger.Whenathreatisdetected,ouradrenalin(肾上腺素)rises,andourbodypreparestoreacttodanger.Thestudyfoundthatroughnessisntheardwhenwespeaknaturally,butthemostannoyingalarmclocks,carhorns,andfirealarmspossesshighdegreesofroughness.Onepotentialapplicationforthisresearchmightbetoaddroughnesstoalarmsoundstomakethemmoreeffective,thesamewayabadsmellisaddedtonaturalgastomakeiteasilytobedetected.Warningsoundscouldalsobeaddedtoelectriccars,whichareparticularlysilent,sotheycanbeefficientlydetectedbypedestrians.5.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differenttypesofscreams.B.Specificfeaturesofscreams.C.Humansoundsandanimalcries.D.Soundchangesandscreamedsentences.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase “raisegoosebumps” probablymean?A.Makepeoplefeelunpleasant.B.Makepeoplefeelcold.C.Makepeoplerudeandrough.D.Makepeopleunique.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Roughnessiscommonlyheardinmanyartificialsounds.B.Thetravellingspeedmakesscreamsdifferentfromothersounds.C.Verylittlescientificresearchhasbeendoneonhumanscreams.D.Normalhumanspeechsoundsvarybetween30to150Hzinloudness.8.Whatdevicemaybeimprovedwiththeresearchersfindings?A.Trafficlights.B.Securitycameras.C.Smartphones.D.Smokedetectors.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nomatterwhereyouare,humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtime.Someofusaregoodatitplanninganddoingthingsaheadoftime,1.othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhour.Tardiness(拖拉)canbeserious.Ifyou2.(be)oneminutelateforwork,wouldyouresign?Itmaysoundextreme,butthatisexactly3.occurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament,theHouseofLords,inJanuary2018.InternationalDevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate,and,asaresult,wasunabletoanswera4.(schedule)question.Insteadoftrying5.(make)upforlosttime,asmanymightdo,heresignedon6.spot.Heapologizedforhisdiscourtesy(无礼)andstatedthathewasashamed.Hisresignation,though,7.(reject)bytheUKprimeminister.So,howlateistoolate?Manyculturestakepunctualityveryseriously.Incontrast,othersseemtoviewtardiness8.justthenormalwayofthings.Whatisconsideredacceptableisbasedonculture.Thatis,ifyoudontmindwaiting,itmightbebesttoattendyour9.(appoint)ingoodtime.Andiftheworstcomestotheworst,remembertheoldEnglishproverb, “ 10.(good)latethannever.”.短文改错Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Ialwaysspentaspecialdaywithmyfamily,theclosestoneswhoIcouldsharemyjoyandhappiness.WhenIwokeupinthemorning,Ifoundonthedeskwassomenewclothesandanotewhichsaid, “Getdressingandcomeoutside.”Ididso,andbeforeIgotoutsideIfoundmyfatherwaitthere.HetookmetoahugeamusementparkIhaveneverbeento.Weboughtticketandentered.IwentdirecttothemainrollercoasterwhichIhadbeenhopingtorideitforyears.Itturnedouttobeagreatbirthday.课时作业(十九).A【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了身势语在不同的文化背景下,有不同的意义。如果不理解文化差异,很可能会造成误会,所以作者建议我们要理解文化差异。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段中的“Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture,butishighlyoffensiveinanother.”可知,手势在一种文化中可能意味着一些赞美,但在另一种文化中却是无礼的。据此推断,这个人的错误在于他没有意识到文化的差异。故选B项。2.A细节理解题。根据“butishighlyoffensiveinanother.”可知,同一种手势在另一种文化中是无礼的。根据but表示转折关系可以推断,“Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture”意思是手势在一种文化中是表示敬意的。故complimentary意思是“赞美的,表示敬意的”。3.B细节理解题。根据第四段“AvoidusingthisgestureinSouthernSardinaorNorthernGreeceunlessyouwanttoinviteafight.”可知,在希腊北部,如果你对一个人伸出大拇指,他会很生气,并且会和你打架。故选B项。4.C写作意图题。根据文章最后一段可知,这篇文章主要讲了身势语在不同的文化背景下,有不同的意义。如果不了解文化差异,很可能会造成误会,所以作者建议我们要了解文化差异。故选C项。B【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了对尖叫进行的科学研究。5.B推理判断题。根据第一段第四句和对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲述的是尖叫的特征,故选B。6.A词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知,尖叫会让人感觉不舒服,与画线短语所在句呼应,故选A。7.A推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,许多人造声音听起来都很粗糙,故选A。8.D推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可推知,这项发现可以应用于气味检测中,故选D。.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要讨论了不同文化中人们对迟到的不同看法。1.while考查连词。该空的前一句说“我们中的一些人擅长提前计划做事情”,后一句说“其他的人总是试图在最后一刻赶时间做事情”,两句话之间存在转折关系,故填转折连词while。2.were考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你上班迟到一分钟,你会辞职吗?本句是if引导的条件状语从句,表达与将来事实相反的情况,应采用“if+主语+动词过去式”的结构,故填were。3.what考查连接代词。本句是表语从句,从句中缺少的成分是主语,这里的主语指代的是事情,所以用what。4.scheduled考查形容词。在冠词a和名词question之间应该用形容词,故填schedule的形容词形式scheduled,表示“预定的”。5.tomake考查动词不定式。trytodosth是固定搭配,意为“努力做某事”。6.the考查定冠词。onthespot 是固定短语,意为“在现场,立刻”。句意:他并没有