2019届高中英语能力练Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsSectionⅠPre_reading.docx

Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the starsSection Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)基础题单词拼写1The _ (大气层) of the earth is filled with carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases.答案：atmosphere2_ (不像) my brother, Im good at swimming, while he is good at football.答案：Unlike3He forgot to turn on the TV and _ (因此) missed the program.答案：thus4Children should not be allowed to watch _ (暴力的) movies.答案：violent5The final cost would be as much as one _ (十亿) dollars.答案：billion6Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 are computer s_.答案：systems7Its important for everyone to apply t_ to practice.答案：theory8As we all know, smoking is h_ to peoples health.答案：harmful9We cant e_ without food or water.答案：exist104 m_ by 5 is 20.答案：multiplied单句语法填空1She is _ (like) her mother; she is tall and her mother is very short.答案：unlike2It is generally accepted that going to bed too late is _ (harm) to our health.答案：harmful3Some _ (violence ) scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television.答案：violent4The _ expression on his face suggested that he was not able to work out the _ problem.(puzzle)答案：puzzled; puzzling5We should try to prevent the rare animals from _ (hunt)答案：being hunted6Canada, as a country of immigrants (移民), has a diverse range of _ (religious) and cultures.答案：religions7_ makes the things worse is that he has lost his patience.答案：What8In summer the house will be too hot for the old man _ (live) in.答案：to live9If there is anything else we can do for you, make contact with us _ time.答案：in10As is known to all, there _ (exist) dinosaurs on the earth a long time ago.答案：existed能力题阅读理解Of all the planets, none has captured the worlds imagination like the Mars. Its reddish color and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.In Cosmos, the television science series from the 1980s, scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about the Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer HG. Wells TheWaroftheWorlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell, the American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on the Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.Today, the Mars continues to excite humansnot as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected awealthof information from spacecrafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.The Smithsonians “Mars Day” offered a chance for people of all ages to touch the Mars, or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children, Grace, Sam, Ryan and Emma. They heard about the Mars and its geology from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached the Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites (陨星) known to have come from the red, or reddish planet. Eightyearold Sam learned that the ancient description of the Mars as red is not exactly right. He said, “Its actually orangish more than red and its also kind of brown, too.” Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic activity that has shaped the surface of the Mars. She said, “The closest thing to the Marsthe stuffis from volcanoes mostly.”“Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycias children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.1What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?AWhy Martians were considered threatening.BWhy the Mars has captured the worlds imagination.CWhat people generally thought of the Mars in the past.DHow HG.Wells got the idea for his science fiction.答案：C段落大意题。通读第二段可知，这一段主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识，故选C。2It is implied in Paragraph 3 that _.Atodays space scientists still know nothing about the MarsBtodays space scientists are very interested in the MarsCscience fiction films are no longer set in MarsDspace scientists havent made any progress in knowing the Mars答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Today, the Mars continues to excite humansnot as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of information .”可推断，现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣。3Sam would probably agree that _.Athe Mars is not really redBno meteorites have come from the MarsCthe Mars cannot be described as a little brownDthe ancient description of the Mars color is true答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第四句“He said, Its actually orangish more than red and its also kind of brown，too.”可知，Sam认为火星并不是红色的，而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色，故选A。4How soon does the author think that humans will set foot on the Mars?AHe thinks it may happen this year.BHe thinks it will always remain a dream.CHe thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.DHe thinks it may happen in the following decades.答案：D推理判断题。根据末段中的“a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes”可推知，作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星。1capture v. 引起(注意、想象、兴趣)2threatening adj. 威胁的；恐吓的a wealth of 许多的；大量的完形填空It surprised meevery time I saw Joe, he was smiling. It didnt _1_ whether he had to stop at a stop light, or if he were the seventh person in _2_ at the bank, and the service stopped just before he got there. Joe _3_ smiled. It made me wonder why he seemed so _4_ every day.Having observed Joe with other people, I _5_ something else also. Joe asked people how they were doing, and really seemed to listen to their _6_. If someone was hurt, he had _7_ and kind words for him and offered to _8_ in any way he could.It made me think . What if I tried to smile more? A(n) _9_ began when I went to the grocery store. I smiled as I went up and down the aisles . and people I didnt even _10_ smiled back at me. Some even _11_！ A little kid in the cart (购物车) who was giving his mother a _12_ time saw me smile and _13_ talking . and, you guessed it. He made a shy little attempt at a smile. The man in the handicapped (残疾的) cart_14_ a person to reach something . I could get that for him. The smile even transferred over to him, and he _15_ me.As I drove home, I was smiling. I _16_ what I had just learned, and when someone passed me and gave me a(n) _17_， I smiled at him. He looked puzzled.Now I know a smile is a small thing, but what if we were all to try to smile a few more times each day? I couldnt believe how _18_ I felt. Nothing in my life had changed, _19_ maybe it had. For what I learned was that such a small thing could _20_ not only my spirits, but those around me as well.1A.work BhappenCmatter Dlast答案：C根据首句可知，Joe总是微笑面对一切，所以此处指即使发生对他不利的情况，他也感觉没关系。故选C。2A.order Bdebt Chand Dline答案：D在银行办理业务一般要排队(in line)等候。故选D。3A.always Bfinally Cimmediately Dstill答案：A文章开头谈到每次看到Joe的时候他都在微笑着，所以此处填always。Joe总是微笑着。故选A。4A.naughty Bhappy Cactive Dhumorous答案：B微笑说明心情愉快，因而此处填happy。故选B。5A.decided Bjudged Cnoticed Dconsidered答案：C根据下句的描述可知，通过观察Joe与他人交往，作者注意到了(noticed)一些其他的事情。6A.answers Btheories Cexcuses Dchains答案：Aanswers与前面的ask对应。问别人问题，且倾听他人的回答。故选A。7A.guidance Brespect Cpity Dprotection答案：C根据空格前的“If someone was hurt”和空格后的“kind words”可知，他应是同情受到伤害的人。have pity for . “对同情”。故选C。8A.perform Battempt Cbother Dhelp答案：DJoe是一个有同情心的人，在别人受到伤害时总是尽力帮助(help)别人。故选D。9A.experiment Blife Cproject Dprogram答案：A此处的experiment和前面的tried相呼应。作者准备尝试着多微笑，并去一家杂货店做了试验(experiment)。故选A。10A.meet Btouch Cknow Dcontact答案：C根据上文“I went to the grocery store”可知，商店中的很多人应是彼此不认识的。故选C。11A.glared Bgreeted Cprevented Descaped答案：B当“我”向不认识的人微笑时，有些人不但还以微笑，甚至和“我”打招呼(greeted)。故选B。12A.spare Blong Chard Dgreat答案：C根据上下文可知，作者举了一个孩子的例子。且此处应与下文“He made a shy little attempt at a smile.”形成反义对比，可知他应是正在为难母亲。因此hard符合语境。故选C。13A.stopped Btried Ckept Denjoyed答案：A根据下文“He made a shy little attempt at a smile.”可知，此处小孩应是停止纠缠母亲，停止了说话。14A.persuaded Baccepted Csupported Dneeded答案：D轮椅上的残疾人一般需要别人帮忙拿东西，所以此处填needed。故选D。15A.thanked Bchanged Cencouraged Dinvited答案：A根据上文“I could get that for him”可知，他对作者表示感谢。16A.worried about Bthought about Ctalked over Dlooked over答案：B经过一番试验后作者在回家的路上开始回忆自己的收获。think about “考虑”，符合语境。17A.gesture Baddress Ccall Dticket答案：A此处指从“我”旁边经过的人给“我”手势，gesture符合语境。故选A。18A.normal Bgreat Creasonable Dfundamental答案：B根据上一段的描述可知，通过这次试验作者感到非常愉快，感觉很好(great)。故选B。19A.so Bfor Cbut Dtill答案：C由空格前“在我的生活中什么也没有发生改变”和空格后“也许已经发生了改变”可知，前后构成转折关系，故选but。20A.realize Badmire Cshow Dlift答案：D微笑虽然是一件很小的事情，但是能够鼓舞自己和周围的人。lift sb.s spirits “使某人振奋”，故选D。短文改错Li Hua and Wang Hai are students of Senior Three. They all work hard but have different learning methods. Li Hua listens to her teachers attentive and tries to catch everything the teachers say. She spends more time doing her homework. It is certain what she can go to bed early and always keeps energetic in the day.However, Wang Hai had a different way of learning. He likes to stay up late at the night, so he often feels sleepy in class. As the resu