广东中考英语总复习专项突破第19节历史与社会练习人教新目标版.docx

第3部分第十九节一、完形填空(2018泰安改编)During the Warring States period (475BC221 BC), there was a man called Yue Yangzi. One day he saw a piece of gold on the road. He _1_ the gold and took it home. But his wife was not _2_ and said, “I hear that a great man doesnt drink a thief s water or accept alms (施舍物) .What do you think of the action of keeping others things for yourself？” Yue Yangzi felt sorry _3_ what he had done, so he put the gold back to the place where he found it.The next year, Yue Yangzi decided to go to a faraway school to improve himself. A year later, he came back home _4_. “Why have you returned？” asked his wife in surprise, “Youve _5_ spent one year studying with scholars(学者).” “I come back because I _6_ you very much.”Without saying anything, his wife took a pair of scissors and went to the loom (织布机) at which she had worked. _7_ the half-done cloth, she said, “The cloth is woven from the best silk. Now _8_ I cut it, all my previous (先前的) work will be wasted. Its the same as your _9_.You can learn a lot only by working hard. Now, youve stopped halfway. Isnt it the same as cutting the cloth on the loom？”Yue Yangzi was moved by _10_ she said. He again left home to visit scholars. Several years later he became a learned man.()1.Abrought upBpicked upCworked outDfound out()2.AhappyBsurprisedCangryDcurious()3.AforBatCas Dwith()4.AsuccessfullyBcarefullyCsuddenlyDquickly()5.AalreadyBonlyCeverDyet()6.AworryBmissCbelieveDremember()7.AThinking aboutBLooking for CPointing atDPutting up()8.AbecauseBuntilCunlessDif ()9.AtripBstudyCbusinessDway ()10.AhowBthat CwhichDwhat二、阅读理解A(2018娄底改编)Are you interested in Chinese traditional arts? Do you want to learn how to make them by hand? If so, come and join our clubs this weekend in our school.Sky lantern clubIntroduction：Sky lanterns are made of bamboo and covered with paper. They were first used to ask for help when people were in trouble. Today, they are used to show happiness and good wishes.Time: Saturday8:30 a.m.10:30 a.m.Place: Building 3, Room 501Paper cutting clubIntroduction：Paper cutting turns a simple thing like a piece of paper into a beautiful piece of art. Pictures about flowers, animals and so on are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of good wishes and good luck.Time: Saturday 9:00 a.m.11:00 a.m.Place: It has moved from Building 3, Room 602 to Room 502 now.Chinese knot clubIntroduction: Chinese knots are usually made of red and yellow ropes. They are used to express good wishes, including happiness, love, peace and so on.Time: Sunday2:30 p.m.4:30 p.m.Place: Building 3, Room 603()1. Sky lanterns are made of _.Aclay and paper Bbamboo and paper Cred and yellow ropesDflowers()2. If you want to learn paper cutting, you can go to _.ABuilding 3, Room 501 BBuilding 3, Room 502CBuilding 3, Room 603DBuilding 3, Room 602()3. You can go to the Chinese knot club at _.A9:00 a.m.B11:00 a.m.C10:30 a.m.D3:00 p.m. ()4. What do these Chinese traditional arts have in common?AThey are all made by machine.BThey are all used to ask for help.CThey are all symbols of good wishes.DThey are all difficult to make.()5. This passage is probably_.Aa notice Ba story Ca piece of newsDa reportB(2018汕头市金平区模拟)Zheng He was a famous Chinese explorer (探险家). In 1405, he set off from China on the first of seven great sea journeys. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America. His travels are so important that they are still studied today.Zheng He was born in Yunnan in 1371. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The emperor ordered Zheng He to visit and explore the lands outside China. His task was to build relations and set up trade routes (路线) with foreign countries. In a few years, he built several treasure fleets. They were big enough to carry 25,000 people as well as a very large number of goods. And they were one of the largest fleets to explore different regions (地区) of the world. From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited Southeast Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa. It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. These trips allowed China to trade valuable goods like gold, silver and silk. At the end of each journey, Zheng He returned with many things that had not been seen in China before, such as a giraffe from Africa. Besides developing trade, these sea journeys also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies. Zheng He died in 1433 during his last journey. However, his journeys were such a huge achievement that people still remember him as a pioneer explorer.()6. Zheng Hes trips did NOT _.Ahelp open up the market in EuropeBmake the relationships between countries strongerCencourage the exchange of cultures and technologiesDhelp set up trade routes between China and other countries()7. Which is the correct order of the following events? Columbus discovered America.Zheng He rose to become a trusted official. Yongle Emperor ordered Zheng He to explore the lands outside China. A giraffe was brought by Zheng He from Africa.ABC D()8. The underlined word “fleets” probably means _ in the passage.A军队 B仓库C舰队 D镖队()9. Which of the following is TRUE?AZheng He died at the age of 72. BZheng He completed his last sea journey.CThe east coast of Africa is very far from China. DZheng He discovered gold, silver and silk abroad.()10. The best title of passage may be _.AZheng He Studied TodayBZheng He and His Great Sea JourneysCZheng He a Great Ancient TraderDZheng He and the Silk Road on the SeaC配对阅读左栏是五个社会现象的介绍，右栏是七个建议或措施的描述。请将左栏的现象与右栏的建议或措施进行匹配。()11. The river in our neighborhood is so dirty. The color of the water is black and rubbish is floating (漂浮) on it.()12. People often order a lot of dishes when they eat out with others in restaurants. And usually they cant eat up all the food.()13. People lay out things by the roadside and sell them. It makes the roads very crowded, dirty and messy.()14. Nowadays, more and more people have cars. It causes traffic jams and has become a serious problem in peoples life.()15. People kill sharks for their fins to make money. Now, the number of sharks is becoming smaller and smaller.APlant more trees and use both sides of paper. Ask people to stop using paper napkins (餐巾).BStop factories from pouring waste water into the river and educate people not to throw rubbish into the river.CMake plans to build more parking areas and punish the people who dont park their cars in proper places.DPass laws to protect sharks and punish the people who kill them.E. To reduce food waste, plan how much food we can eat before we order it and take leftovers (剩饭剩菜) home.F. Take public transportation and build wider roads. Let more traffic police direct the traffic.G. Set up more stalls (摊位) in the market and lower the rent (租金) of the stalls.三、短文填空(2018滨州改编)One day, Confucius led his students to the State of Chu. When crossing 1._ a large forest, they saw an old man standing under a tree, catching cicadas (蝉) with 2._ bamboo stick. Confucius said, “You are very good at catching cicadas. You must have some special skills.” “Thats right！” the old man answered. “The cicada is a clever little insect. 3._ they hear the noise of the leaves in the wind, they will fly away. Therefore, people 4._want to catch cicadas must train their hands to hold a bamboo stick without shaking. If you can place three pellets (弹珠) on top of the bamboo stick without falling 5._， you might be able to catch cicadas; when five pellets are placed on top without falling off, catching cicadas is as 6._ as picking a ball up from the ground.”He then added, “But that is not enough. People must be good at hiding 7._. Right now, I am standing under a tree like half of a tree stump (树桩). Last of all, one must be attentive (专心的). When I am catching cicadas, I only see their wings. No matter what 8._， nothing will disturb me.Hearing this, Confucius 9._ to his students and said, “No matter what you do, you can only succeed if you love what youre doing and pay enough 10._ to it. That is what this old man has taught us.”四、读写综合(2018佛山市南海区模拟)A信息归纳请阅读下面的文章，根据所提供的信息，完成信息卡。In Canada, volunteering is a common thing among people of all ages, as they believe that being helpful is one of the most important qualities to have.Thats why Canadian high school students have to volunteer for at least 40 hours in order to graduate.There are many kinds of voluntary work, from organizing books in libraries to taking care of children in churches, from helping to teach the young at school to delivering food to the old.Opportunities to help are everywhere, including in schools, shopping malls, or even peoples gardens. Im volunteering for a charity called the Tzu Chi Foundation, which is one of the biggest non-profit (非营利的) charities in the world.My job is to help the teachers at the charitys Chinese language school.Im helping a teacher of a preschool class, where students are aged from 3 to 6. When I first started, I was quite nervous as Id never worked with little kids before.Suddenly, a lot of questions filled my head and I got tons of butterflies in my stomach.“What if they dont like me？What if they are afraid of me？”Then，as time went by, I became more familiar with the students.One teacher asked me to help the youngest girl in the class draw a picture based on the word “grateful”As I was drawing and talking with her, I felt warm and peaceful and suddenly realized that it was not that difficult to work with children.When the class was over, I breathed out deeply, feeling really excited and even a little bit proud of what Id done.Information CardThe length of time Canadian high school students need for voluntary work1._The thing you can do as volunteers in libraries2._The age of the students the writer helped3._The writers feeling at the beginning of the voluntary work4._The person the writer helped to draw5._B.书面表达 根据要求完成短文写作。近年来，志愿工作引起社会广泛重视，越来越多的学生都积极参与到了志愿者工作中。请就这个话题，根据所给的提示写一篇文章，内容包括：1志愿工作对于社会和志愿者本身的意义(12点)；2作为中学生我们可以做哪些志愿工作(12点)；3呼吁你身边的人一起参与志愿工作。作文要求：1.不得照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。2语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。【审题指导】文体：记叙文 人称：第一人称和第三人称 时态：一般现在时和一般将来时【思维导图】【加分亮点】1使用一些固定短语：如on weekends, in need, take part in/join in, be full of, such as, cheer up, pick up等。2使用一些固定结构：如there be句型等。3使用一些高级句式：如if引导的条件状语从句等。In