2019年最新国家开放大学电大《道路工程技术》和《管理英语3》合集网络核心课形考网考作业及答案

2019年最新国家开放大学电大道路工程技术和管理英语3合集网络核心课形考网考作业及答案最新国家开放大学电大道路工程技术网络核心课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2019年春期电大把道路工程技术网络核心课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有四个形考任务。针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。做考题时，利用本文档中的查找工具（Ctrl + F），把考题中的关键字输到查找工具的查找内容框内，就可迅速查找到该题答案。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。形考任务1一、单项选择题（每小题4分，共40分）题目1棋盘式道路网指的是（ ）选择一项：C. 方格网式道路网 题目2道路起讫点间的实际交通距离与此两点的空间直线距离之比，称为（ ）选择一项：D. 非直线系数 题目3作为街坊线与的次干路连接线的城市道路是（ ）选择一项：B. 支路 题目4在平面线形中，使用最多的基本线形是（ ）选择一项：B. 圆曲线 题目5下列关于汽车在弯道上行使时，说法有误的一项是（ ）选择一项：D. 离心力越大，汽车行驶越安全 题目6从汽车驾驶员发现前方障碍物到汽车在障碍物前完全停住所需要的最短距离称为（ ）选择一项：D. 停车视距 题目7驾驶员从采取措施开始制动至汽车完全停住所需要的距离称为（ ）选择一项：D. 制动距离 题目8道路纵断面图上最主要反映的两条线是指（ ）选择一项：B. 地面线和设计线 题目9工程设计中对中心线各点要求达到的高程称为（ ）选择一项：B. 设计高程 题目10在道路的纵断面上，对两个不同坡度的坡段的转折处设置的缓和曲线称为( )选择一项：B. 竖曲线 二、多项选择题（每小题10分，共20分）题目11现有的道路网结构形式主要包括（ ）选择一项或多项：B. 自由式 C. 混合式 D. 环形放射式 E. 方格网式 题目12行车视距通常可分为（ ）选择一项或多项：B. 超车视距 C. 会车视距 D. 停车视距 E. 错车视距 三、判断题（每小题4分，共40分）题目13城市快速路可以与次干路、支路直接相交。（ ）选择一项：对 题目14方格网式道路网的优点是布局整齐，有利于建筑布置和方向识别。（ ）选择一项：对 题目15道路的交通量是指单位时间内(每小时或每昼夜)通过道路上某一横断面处的往返车辆总数。（ ）选择一项：对 题目16路面结构需要翻修改建的年限为路面结构设计年限。（ ）选择一项：对 题目17在道路平面设计中，应在相交的两直线段交汇点处，用曲线将其平顺地连接起来，以利于汽车安全正常地通过，这段曲线称为竖曲线。（ ）选择一项：错 题目18直线是平面线形基本要素之一，具有能以最短的距离连接两控制点和线形易于选定的特点。（ ）选择一项：对 题目19缓和曲线是设置在直线与圆曲线之间或大圆曲线与大圆曲线之间，由较大圆曲线向较小圆曲线过渡的线形，是道路平面线形要素之一。（ ）选择一项：对 题目20纵断面上如变坡点过多，则车辆行驶时司机变换排挡会过于频繁而影响行车安全。（ ）选择一项：对 题目21最大纵坡系指各级道路纵坡的最小限值。（ ）选择一项：错 题目22凸形竖曲线设置的主要目的在于缓和纵坡转折线，保证汽车的行车视距。（ ）选择一项：对 形考任务2一、单项选择题：（共10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目1同一行使方向的车辆向不同方向分离行使的地点称为（ ）选择一项：B. 分流点 题目2相交道路不在同一平面位置时，称为（ ）选择一项：B. 立体交叉 题目3环道进、出口的曲线半径取决于（ ）选择一项：A. 环道的设计车速 题目4立体交叉时，供上、下相交道路转弯车辆行驶的连接道称为（ ）选择一项：C. 匝道 题目5路面标线的画定根据是（ ）选择一项：C. 纵向标线、横向标线和其他交通安全设施的布置 题目6路基的高度取决于（ ）选择一项：D. 纵断面设计及地形 题目7路基按结构特点可分为填方路基、挖方路基和半填半挖路基，其中填方路基称为（ ）选择一项：D. 路堤 题目8路基强度是指（ ）选择一项：C. 路基在外荷及自重作用下，土基抵抗破坏与变形的承载力 题目9路基边坡坡度可用（ ）选择一项：B. 边坡高度与边坡宽度之比表示 题目10挡土墙靠近回填土的一面称为（ ）选择一项：A. 墙背 二、多项选择题（共2个小题，每小题10分，共20分）题目11常见的交叉口形式有（ ）选择一项或多项：A. T字形 B. 十字形 C. 错位交叉 D. X字形 E. Y字形 题目12路基的主要指标有（ ）选择一项或多项：A. 边坡坡度 C. 宽度 D. 高度 三、判断题（ 共10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目13交叉口形式的选择时既要满足排水、管线的要求，又要与周围地形环境相适应。选择一项：对 题目14主、次道路相交，次要道路的纵横坡度一般均保持不变，主要道路的纵横坡度可适当改变。选择一项：错 题目15城市道路照明的首要任务是满足城市夜间景观要求。选择一项：错 题目16路基是路面的基础，是道路工程的主体工程。选择一项：对 题目17路基在大气、地面水和地下水的侵蚀作用下，其强度会发生很大的变动。选择一项：对 题目18对于原有道路的拓宽和改建，路面设计时应根据路基土的分界稠度确定路基干湿类型。选择一项：对 题目19土基回弹模量表示土基在弹性变形阶段内，在垂直荷载作用下，抵抗竖向变形的能力。选择一项：对 题目20排水沟的布置离路基应尽可能近些。选择一项：错 题目21急流槽的纵坡要比跌水更陡。选择一项：对 题目22为保证路基的稳定性，除作好路基排水外，还必须对路基进行必要的防护与支挡加固。选择一项：对 形考任务3一、单项选择题：（共10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目1石质路基开挖最简单有效地施工方法是（ ）选择一项：D. 爆破施工 题目2路基施工基本方法中，工效最低的是（ ）选择一项：A. 人工施工 题目3按照路堤设计横断面，自下而上逐层填筑的施工方法称为（ ）选择一项：D. 分层填筑法 题目4路堤下层用竖向填筑，上层用水平分层填筑的施工方法称为选择一项：D. 混合填筑法 题目5压实后土体的密实度随深度增加而（ ）选择一项：B. 递减 题目6路面抵抗变形的能力是指路面的（ ）选择一项：A. 刚度 题目7路面结构层次中直接与行车和大气相接触的表面层次是（ ）选择一项：A. 面层 题目8路面结构层次中的承重层是（ ）选择一项：C. 基层 题目9为了保护路面面层的边缘，铺筑时，底基层宽度每侧宜比基层（ ）选择一项：D. 宽 题目10下列关于水泥混凝土路面的特点说法错误的一项是（ ）选择一项：D. 稳定性差 二、多项选择题（共2个小题，每小题10分，共20分）题目11实地放线操作方法主要有选择一项或多项：A. 综合法 D. 图解法 E. 解析法 题目12一般来讲，选择平曲线半径主要考虑的因素有（ ）选择一项或多项：D. 道路的等级和它所要求的设计车速 E. 地形、地物的条件 三、判断题（ 每套试题10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目13城市道路网通常是指各种道路在城市总平面图上的布局。选择一项：对 题目14方格网式道路网的优点是布局整齐，有利于建筑布置和方向识别。选择一项：对 题目15环形放射式是由四周向内辐射路线，中心以环路沟通。选择一项：错 题目16路面结构需要翻修改建的年限为路面结构设计年限。选择一项：对 题目17由于离心力的产生，使汽车在平曲线上行驶时横向产生两种不稳定的危险:一是汽车向内滑移；二是向内倾覆。选择一项：错 题目18一般来讲，定线应尽量注意节约用地，少占农田。选择一项：对 题目19纸上定线就是将图上定好的道路中心线准确地移到实地上去。选择一项：错 题目20汽车在弯道上行使时，汽车前轮的轨迹半径和后轮的轨迹半径相同。选择一项：错 题目21一般来说，为使道路上汽车行驶快速和安全，纵坡值应取小一些。选择一项：对 题目22为了使路线顺直，在地形等条件许可的情况下，应尽量使路线转角大一些。选择一项：错形考任务4一、单项选择题：（共10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目1对于高速公路、一级公路，夏季温度高、高温持续时间长、重载交通及山区和丘陵区上坡路段、服务区、停车区等行车速度慢的路段，尤其是汽车荷载剪应力大的层次，宜采用（ ）选择一项：C. 稠度大、60oC粘度大的沥青 题目2沥青路面施工的最后一道工序是（ ）选择一项：A. 路面的压实 题目3沥青混合料施工压实工序正确的一项是（ ）选择一项：C. 初压、复压、终压 题目4机械摊铺作业包括（ ）选择一项：A. 施工放样、摊铺机参数调整与选择、摊铺作业 题目5沥青表面处治适用于（ ）选择一项：D. 三级及以下公路面层 题目6水泥混凝土路面的三辊轴机组铺筑是指（ ）选择一项：C. 采用固定模板，人工布料，手持工具振实、整平的混凝土路面施工工艺 题目7水泥混凝土面层板的施工程序第一步是（ ）选择一项：C. 施工放样 题目8沥青路面处治层的作用不包括（ ）选择一项：D. 提高强度 题目9水泥混凝土面层板的施工程序最后一步是（ ）选择一项：A. 混凝土的养护与填缝 题目10道路养护工程中的大修工程是指（ ）选择一项：B. 对道路的较大损坏进行的全面综合维修、加固 二、多项选择题（共2个小题，每小题10分，共20分）题目11沥青混合料所用的矿料有（ ）选择一项或多项：A. 碎石 B. 砂 C. 破碎砾石 D. 石屑 E. 矿粉 题目12沥青路面施工的技术准备工作包括（ ）选择一项或多项：A. 施工放样 B. 编制实施性施工组织设计 D. 技术交底 E. 熟悉和核对设计文件 三、判断题（共10个小题，每小题4分，共40分）题目13改性沥青可单独或复合采用高分子聚合物、天然沥青及其他改性材料制作。选择一项：对 题目14矿料配合比设计的目的是选配一个具有足够密实度，并且具有较高内摩阻力的矿质混合料。选择一项：对 题目15沥青面层施工前，可不清理基层的浮灰。选择一项：错 题目16摊铺作业是沥青路面施工的关键工序之一。选择一项：对 题目17沥青混合料摊铺机有履带式和轮胎式两种。选择一项：对 题目18水泥混凝土路面面层原材料的选择上可以选用火山灰水泥。选择一项：错 题目19混凝土拌合场地的选择首先要考虑使运送混合料的运距最短。选择一项：对 题目20混凝土拌合场地应有足够的面积，以供堆放砂石材料和搭建水泥库房。选择一项：对 题目21为防止混凝土中水分蒸发过快而产生缩裂，并保证水泥水化过程的顺利进行，混凝土应及时养护。选择一项：对 题目22城市道路养护是城市道路管理的重要环节。选择一项：对 最新国家开放大学电大管理英语3网络核心课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2019年春期电大把管理英语3网络核心课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有八个单元自测。针对该门课程，给出了每个单元自测的三套标准题库，在考试中可多次抽取试题，直至与其中的一套答案相近即可。本文库还有其他网核及教学考一体化答案，敬请查看。单元自测 1 第一套 一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。题目1 I wish you success in your career.选择一项：C The same to you. 题目2We have three major divisions: Operations, Sales and Marketing, Finance and Administration.选择一项：A How many departments do we have? 题目3 Who should be responsible for the accident? The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order_.选择一项：B as told 题目4A number of boys _absent some time during the term.选择一项：A have been 题目5The key_ successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy to the whole company.选择一项：A to 题目6二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）Organization Structure in Hoogle EngineeringIm Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and Id like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering was set up in 1960. It was divided into several departments at that time, such as the sales department, marketing department, and production department. Lots of managers were employed to manage it all.Fortunately things are different now. Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business. The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide, not just locally.But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other. We had a tall structure. Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor, manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given. Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every day. Then you moved up to the middle management, who were doing the tasks of getting new business, and then you had the senior management team, and then you had the board, who decided the business strategy. So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually.The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product. Each team has members that can manufacture different products. The actual teams now are self-managing, so we dont even have team leaders. Youve got the teams, and then youve got two people, only two people, who are what you think of as management. This is generally called flat structure.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1. Hoogle Engineering was set up in _. B the twentieth century2. There are many different _of management in a tall structure.B levels3. People in a flat structure usually work in _.C teams4. All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that _.B the author thinks the two structures have the same functions5. The best title for the passage is _. A Organization Structure in Hoogle Engineering第二套一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。题目1 I suppose therell be a lot of arguments.选择一项：A I should imagine so.题目2 Im leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.选择一项：B Have a pleasant trip!题目3He will write to me as soon as he _ home.选择一项：B returns题目4This is the man _ last night. 选择一项：B whom I saw 题目5A bus driver _ the safety of his passengers.选择一项：B is responsible for题目6二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分）Managing OneselfWe live in an age full of opportunities: If you are smart enough, and have got ambition and keep pushing forward, you can rise to the top of your chosen profession, no matter where you started out.But with opportunity comes responsibility. Companies today arent managing their employees careers. Professional workers must be their own chief executive officers (CEO). Its up to you to strive for your place, to keep yourself engaged and productive during a working life that may last around 50 years. To do those things well, youll need to have a deep understanding of yourself not only what your strengths and weaknesses are, but also how you learn, how you work with others, what your values are, and where you can make the greatest contribution, because only when you operate from strength can you achieve true excellence.Historys great achievers Napolon, da Vinci, and Mozart have always managed themselves. But they are so unusual both in their talents and in their accomplishments as to be considered rare exceptions. Now, most of us, even those of us with modest talents, will have to learn to manage ourselves. We will have to learn to develop ourselves. We will have to place ourselves where we can make the greatest contribution. And we will have to stay mentally alert and engaged during a 50-year working life, which means knowing how and when to change the work we do.操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。1. Companies today are responsible for employees career. F2. It is the CEO who decides your place. F3. You need to understand your company well so that you can do things well. F4. Understanding yourself means knowing well about your strengths, weaknesses, your values, how you learn, how you do with others and so on. T5. Ordinary people cannot manage themselves well. F第三套一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。题目1 Im leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.选择一项：B Have a pleasant trip! 题目2We have three major divisions: Operations, Sales and Marketing, Finance and Administration.选择一项：A How many departments do we have?题目3The programme gives students the _to learn more about global warming.选择一项：C opportunity题目4My friend invited me _ the art club, and I accepted it with pleasure.选择一项：B to join 题目5Leave the reference books behind, _ you wont be able to think independently.选择一项：A or题目6二、翻译为下面的句子选择正确的翻译（每题10分）。操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1. If you are smart enough, and have got ambition and keep pushing forward, you can rise to the top of your chosen profession. C 如果你既聪明过人，又有上进心，并且勇往直前，那么你就可以在自己所选的职业领域中出类拔萃。2. Its up to you to strive for your place, to keep yourself engaged and productive during a working life that may last around 50 years. B 在大约50年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进，勤奋工作，取得成效是取决于你自己的。3. They are so unusual both in their talents and their accomplishments as to be considered rare exceptions. A 正因为他们既才智过人，又成就非凡，所以他们这样的例子少之又少。4. We will have to place ourselves where we can make the greatest contribution. C 我们应该把自己放到能做出最大贡献的位置。5. Some are still nervous about losing their jobs despite the low wages. A 尽管工资不高，但还是有很多人担心失去这份工作。单元自测 2第一套一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。题目1Could I help you with your heavy box? You are so tired _ I can manage it. 选择一项：A No. thanks. 题目2She gave two weeks.选择一项：B How much time did she give? 题目3_ father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday? Peters.选择一项：A Whose 题目4I heard that you really had a wonderful time at Johns birthday party, _? 选择一项：B didnt you 题目5The _ was only sentenced to pay a fine of $10,000.选择一项：C criminal 题目6二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题10分）Human Resources ManagementHuman Resources Management (HRM) is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization. These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.In managing people, staffing is the most important component of HRM. It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement. Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays, absences, health and safety, disciplinary action, and dismissal.Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company. The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important. Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization. It is important for the staff to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities that are available to them. Performance management is another important component of HRM. The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization. This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization. The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization. It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.The focus of HRM is the people within an organization. Regular planning, monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM. Successful management ensures that all employees know their role, career development and also feel part of an organization.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。1. _is / are important in the success of a business. B The process of managing people and their relationships2. The most important component of HRM is_. A staffing3. According to the passage, it is important for the employees to know the career path, pay, training and other opportunities through_. B policies4. We can use_ to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases. C performance management5. _ is NOT mentioned in the text about the success of HRM. C Training第二套一、选择填空，从每题选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项（每题10分）。题目1 Sorry, I made a mistake again. _ Practise more and youll succeeD 选择一项：A Never minD 题目2She gave two weeks.选择一项：B How much time did she give?题目3The light is too _ for me to reaD I can not stand any more.选择一项：A dim 题目4He gave up his study in college in _.选择一项：B despair 题目5Under no circumstance _ to tell lies to parents. 选择一项：B are children allowed 题目6二、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。（每题10分）“War for Talent” Goes on in Job MarketThe “war for talent” reads like headlines from many years ago, but it has never gone away, says Eleanor Nickerson, director of UK operations for Top Employers. Many companies they have researched are short of talents. Though the companies may receive many applications, they cannot find the people they want.Top Employers research shows that offering good career chances is the key to attracting and keeping the talent. Smart employees know their own value and will want to know what their employers can offer them after 5 or 10 years career development. So, keeping staff is the biggest challenge employers face in the long run.Yet not every employee feels that they can better their career chances. Some are still nervous about losing their jobs, despite a recent fall in unemployment, says the Trades Union Congress (TUC). TUC points out that some four-fifths of new jobs created have been in part of the economy where average pay rates are less than 8 an hour since the recession began. Many of these jobs are on temporary or zero-hours contracts.A report from the Office for National Statistics published in February showed that real wages have been falling consistently since 2010. Its the longest period since at least 1964. “Were still in the hardest living standards squeeze for over a century and those who are already working have had years of real-terms pay cuts,” says TUC spokesperson Liz Chinchen. “Understanding the pressures that staff face is a good starting point for any employer. If employers want to show concern for their staff, they should be paying them well and understand that zero-hours contracts bring insecurity and extreme money worries.”操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。1. According to research by Top Employers, many corporations have enough talents for their development. F2. The data shows the key to attracting talents is to offer high salary. F3. The biggest challenge for employers to is keeping staff in the long run. T4. Not all employees be