2019_2020高中英语Unit3ScienceversusnatureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit.docx

Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage Points 品句填词1.If Ive hurt your feelings，it was quite without_ (目的)答案：intention2A fresh coat of paint can_(改变) a room.答案：transform3The high level of unemployment has produced harmful social _ (结果，后果)答案：consequences4We waited for the report of exam with a great deal of _ (忧虑)答案：anxiety5His suggestion has been _ (采纳) by people in many parts of the world.答案：adopted6A small baby has no_(概念) of right and wrong.答案：concept 单句改错1The mother was standing at the gate，anxiously to see her son._答案：anxiouslyanxious2They argued him into the adopt of the plan._答案：adoptadoption3A big fire broke out last night；as the consequence，the house was completely destroyed._答案：第一个thea4She ever lived in France，and as consequence she speaks French fluently._答案：consequence前加a或把as改为in5Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in a way._答案：第二个athe 完成句子1我想出去吃，可(另一方面)我又该努力省钱。Id like to eat out，_ I should be trying to save money.答案：but on the other hand2他又迟到了，结果让老板训了一顿。He came late again；_he was scolded by his boss.答案：as a consequence(result)/in consequence3尽管他还是个孩子，他知道做什么事情是正确的。_ he was，he knew what was the right thing to do.答案：Child as/though4他离成为一名著名的歌手已经不远了。He is _ a famous singer.答案：on the way to becoming5劝告朋友要在私下里，赞扬朋友可在人多的场合。Make suggestions to your friends in private_ in public.答案：while praise your friends 课文语法填空With Dolly cloned 1._(success) from an adult cell，some other animals have already been created.Some scientists even have the intention 2._(clone) humans and they are pushing ahead with research now，3._it is not legal in many countries.China has succeeded 4._ producing clones of cows and goats.Just 5._the 6._(say) goes，“Every coin has two sides.” On the one hand，cloning can produce 7._(value) human tissues 8._(use) in medical 9._(treat)On the other hand，human cloning causes much anxiety.Some people say if we toy 10._nature，we will have to deal with the consequences.答案：1.successfully2.to clone3.although/though4in5.as6.saying7.valuable8.to be used9treatment10.withA卷 单句语法填空1You didnt intend _(be) late.But thats not the point.答案：to be2There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very _(anxiety) and disappointed.答案：anxious3The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule _(adopt)答案：(should) be adopted4He stood there without daring to lift his head as a consequence _ his wrong action.答案：of5She has made up her mind to transform an attic room _ a study.答案：into6This decision could have serious _(consequence) for the industry.答案：consequences7The way in which we work has undergone a complete _(transform) in the past decade.答案：transformation8Hearing this，tears came to my eyes as I realized what a fool I had been to judge Jims father _ a failure.答案：as9We are in agreement _ their decision.答案：with10She toyed _ the idea of becoming an actress.答案：with 阅读理解Have you ever wished you could have a clone of yourself to do homework while you hit the skate park or went out with your friends?Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another.This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two!You might not believe it，but there are human clones among us right now.They werent made in a lab，though: theyre identical twins (同卵双生)，created naturally.How does one go about making an exact genetic copy of an organism? There are a couple of ways to do this: artificial(人工) embryo twinning and somatic cell nuclear transfer(体细胞核移植)Artificial embryo twinning is the relatively lowtech version of cloning.Somatic cell nuclear transfer，(SCNT) uses a different approach compared with artificial embryo twinning.This was the method used to create Dolly the sheep.Lets say you really want a clone to do your homework.Knowing what you know，do you think this approach would really help you finish your homework.this decade?A common misconception is that a clone，if created，would magically appear at the same age as the original.This simply isnt true.You remember that cloning is an alternative way to create an embryo，not a fullgrown individual.Therefore，that embryo，once created，must develop exactly the same way as an embryo created by fertilizing an egg cell with a sperm cell (精子)This will require a surrogate mother and enough time for the cloned embryo to grow and fully develop into an individual.Are you familiar with the phrase “nature versus nurture”？ Basically，this means that while genetics can help determine personality，environmental influences have a considerable impact on shaping an individuals physical appearance and personality.For example，do you know any identical twins? They are genetically the same，but do they really look and act exactly alike?When we hear of cloning successes，we learn about only the few attempts that worked.What we dont see are the many，many cloning experiments that failed! And even in the successful clones，problems tend to arise later，during the animals development to adulthood.Cloning animals shows us what might happen if we try to clone humans.What have these animals taught us about the risks of cloning?1The underlined word “misconception” in Paragraph 6 probably means “_”AbeliefBmisunderstandingCexplanationDexperienceB解析：词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，人们往往会认为克隆就是马上能有一个一模一样的你出现，这显然是“误解”。2Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?AThe risks of cloning.BThe myths of cloning.CThe definition of cloning.DSome issues in cloning.D解析：细节理解题。最后两段说的是A项的内容，倒数第四段说的是B项的内容，第二段说的是C项的内容，只有D项的内容没有提及。3Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?ADolly the sheep was cloned by using SCNT.BIdentical twins are naturally created human clones.CA clone，if created，would magically appear at the same age as the original.DTwins are genetically the same，but they dont really look and act exactly alike.C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第一、二句话“A common misconception is that a clone，if created，would magically appear at the same age as the original.This simply isnt true.”及之后的论述可知。4According to the passage，we cannot have a clone to do our homework now because _Athe technology is not so advancedBthere are many cloning experiments that failedCproblems may arise laterDall of the aboveD解析：细节理解题。综合全文，尤其是倒数第二段可知，A、B、C三项都是现在还不能克隆人的原因。 完形填空Recently I have been reminded of the very unexpected generosity and kindness I once experienced on a hitchhiking (搭便车) trip.In 1981, I decided to _1_ my girlfriend, who lived in Napier, and _2_ I was short of money, hitchhiking was the only way to go. _3_ Auckland early in the morning, carrying only a small backpack, I set off by bus to the entrance of the Southern Motorway. I soon got _4_. Most were short, but nevertheless I was on my way. I enjoyed the _5_ conversation and was lucky enough to have made some _6_ by dusk.As I walked along a treelined country road, I _7_ where I would spend the night. It was summer and the weather was _8_ so I thought I could sleep under a tree. An elderly gentleman greeted me and asked me where I was _9_， interrupting(打断) my thoughts. I _10_ that I was hoping to get to the next town, “Opotiki.”“You wont get there before dark，” he said. “So come with me and well put you up for the _11_”Opotiki was a further 25 km away, so I _12_ him to a comfortable, warm house nearby. He introduced me to his wife who was _13_ dinner. They invited me to sit at the _14_ and before long I was enjoying a nice cup of tea followed by a _15_ dinner.After dinner I was shown to my _16_： an old bus that was parked in the back garden. It had a double bed in it and I had a very _17_ nights sleep.In the morning I woke to a cup of tea and a nice hot breakfast. I began saying goodbye and _18_ them for their kindness, when the lady _19_ me a wrappedup sandwich, saying that it should keep me going until I _20_ Opotiki.We had a laugh and said goodbye. I have never forgotten their amazing kindness and magnanimity (高尚的行为)【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在搭便车旅行途中遇到一位善良的老人，他邀作者留宿过夜，并且给作者提供了丰盛的晚餐。1A.findBvisitChelpDpraiseB解析：由上下文的描述可知，“我”决定去“看(visit)”女朋友。2A.ifBbeforeCsinceDunlessC解析：由下文的描述可知，“因为(since)”缺钱，“我”只能搭便车去。3A.LeavingBPassingCEnteringDSearchingA解析：由下文中的I set off by bus可知，“我”一大早就“离开了(Leaving)”奥克兰。4A.ticketsBliftsCflightsDmessagesB解析：由上文中的hitchhiking可知，“我”很快就“搭到车(got lifts)”。5A.privateBshortCquietDfriendlyD解析：由该空前的enjoyed可知，一路上的交谈都很“愉快(friendly)”。6A.progressBconnectionsCdistanceDmistakesC解析：由上文的描述可知，“我”很幸运地在黄昏之前赶了一些“路程(distance)”。7A.wonderedBknewCimaginedDrealizedA解析：由下文中的I thought I could sleep under a tree可知，“我”“想知道(wondered)”自己晚上该在哪里过夜。8A.windyBdryCcloudyDwarmD解析：由上文中的summer可知，天气比较“暖和(warm)”。9A.workingBheadingChidingDeatingB解析：由下文中的I was hoping to get to the next town, “Opotiki.”可知，一位老人跟“我”打招呼，问“我”“去(heading)”哪儿。10A.repliedBadmittedCaddedDconcludedA解析：由下文中的Opotiki可知，“我”“回答说(replied)”想到下一个城镇Opotiki。11A.weekBdayCbedDnightD解析：由上文中的where I would spend the night以及下文的描述可知，此处指老人邀作者留宿过“夜(night)”。12A.ledBfollowedCinvitedDshowedB解析：由下文中的to a comfortable, warm house可知，“我”“跟随(followed)”老人到了附近他温暖舒适的家。13A.havingBorderingCexpectingDpreparingD解析：由下文的描述可知，老人的妻子正在“准备(preparing)”晚餐。14A.stairBrestaurantCtableDcomputerC解析：由下文中的I was enjoying a nice cup of tea可知，他们邀请“我”坐到“餐桌(table)”旁。15A.formalBpoorCcheapDheartyD解析：由文中的描述可知，老人为作者准备了“丰盛的(hearty)”晚餐。16A.roomBhomeChouseDflatA解析：由下文中的an old bus和It had a double bed in it可知，饭后，老人把“我”带到“我”的“房间(room)”。17A.longBuneasyCdifficultDcomfortableD解析：由文中的描述可知，“我”睡了一个“舒服的(comfortable)”觉。18A.payingBaskingCthankingDforgivingC解析：由下文中的for their kindness可知，“我”“感谢(thanking)”两位老人的善意。19A.sentBhandedCboughtDreturnedB解析：由该空后的a wrappedup sandwich可知，老人的妻子“递给(handed)”“我”一个打包好的三明治。20A.rememberedBcoveredCreachedDrecognizedC解析：由该空前的keep me going可知，此处指三明治应该能支撑“我”“到达(reached)”Opotiki。B卷 阅读理解AThe University of Miamis newest hospital has a sixbed emergency room, operating room, a birthing room and outpatient clinics(诊室)The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff(工作人员) actors.“Practicing on real people can be a frightening environment, and as our patients may be unwilling to accept treatment when a student walks in，” said Susana BarrosoFernandez, who oversees UMs simulation(模拟) program. “We created this environment to allow students to practice and make mistakes and never put a patient or student at risk.”UMs Simulation Hospital is part of a growing trend(趋势) of colleges building simulation centers to provide reallife experiences to students. Community colleges and schools also use simulators for emergency medical technician and medical assistant programs.A 2014 study by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing found that colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results. The students scored as well on nursing license exams as those getting most of their experience in hospitals and health care centers. Officials say they think simulation has helped their students achieve nearly perfect passing rates on the exams.There are major advantages of simulation. In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in, it also gives students experience with conditions that are rare, but still important for them to know how to deal with.“The Simulation Hospital will also be used as a training place for people outside of UM，” officials said. “You can bring companies in that want to test new products before they go to market，” BarrosoFernandez said.“You can work with community partners like police and fire departments. You can take this hospital and turn it into a casualty event and have the community practice disaster preparedness and response. Its not just about nursing education.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。迈阿密大学最新的医院利用电脑化的假病人训练护理专业的学生来获取临床经验。1What is special about the new hospital?AIt has modern services and expert doctors.BIt is comfortable and patientfriendly.CThere are plenty of clinics.DThere are no real patients.D解析：细节理解题。由第二段“The only thing missing is patients. Instead, nursing students get a realistic clinical experience using computerized patients and staff(工作人员) actors.”可知，医院利用电脑化的假病人与扮演工作人员的演员来训练学生。2What did the 2014 study show?ASimulation was used in most colleges.BSimulation could help students get job chances.CSimulation could avoid some unfavorable results.DSimulation increased the risks of patients and students.C解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“colleges could use simulation to replace up to half of all clinical experience without any bad results”可知，使用模拟情景训练学生可以避免不好的结果。3What do we know about UMs simulation program?AOnly unusual conditions can be provided for students.BStudents can be trained in a safe environment.CStudents have chances to act as patients.DIt mainly involves outdoor training.B解析：细节理解题。由第六段中的“In addition to giving students a safe environment to practice in”可知，模拟训练可以为学生提供一个相对安全的环境。4What can be learned from BarrosoFernandezs words in the last paragraph?AThis hospital can be widely used.BShe was not satisfied with the nursing education.CThis hospital is good at dealing with casualty events.DShe advised companies to put more money into this hospital.A解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中BarrosoFernandez所说的话可知，医院可以用来帮助公司试验新药，让社区民众练习灾难准备与应对措施，它的用途不只在于护理教育；由此可推知，这类医院可以广泛用于其他的用途。BWill life in the future be better，worse or the same as now? Futurologists(未来学家) predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.First of all，it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.A computer will send the program directly to the television.On TV screen appear holograms，which are pictures with certain height，width and depth.We will be able to see，smell and touch the things that we see on television.Water has become one of our most serious problems.Agriculture is changing and people are growing more fruit and vegetables to export.Demand for water will increase ten times in 2050.Some futurologists predict that water will be the cause of war if we dont act now.In transport，cars will run on new fuels and go very fast.A car will have computers to control its speed and there wont be any accidents.On the other hand，space planes will take people around the earth in about three hours.People will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo by space plane in just half an hour.In the field of technology，robots will have replaced people in factories.By 2050，we will see robots everywhere.They do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.Medicine technology will have conquered(征服)many diseases by 2050；we will be able to help blind and deaf people see and hear again.Scientists have discovered how to control genes.They have already produced clones of animals and will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look，how they behave and how much intelligence they have.If you want all this to come true，you should study science and technology hard.【解题导语】本文是一篇展望未来的文章，预测了在2050年我们生活上可能出现的几个大的改变。5What is the main difference between todays and 2050s TV?AWe can use a computer to turn off the TV set.BWe can talk with the characters appearing on TV.CWe can choose whatever we like to see on TV.DWe can touch the things we see on TV.D解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段的We will be able to see，smell and touch the things that we see on television.可知答案。6What will be more likely to cause the war in the future?AThe lack of water.BThe less farmland.CThe shortage of robots.DThe more space planes.A解析：细节理解题。根据文中第三段的Demand for water will increase ten times in 2050.Some futurologists predict that water will be the cause of war if we dont act now.可知答案。7Which of the following is TRUE about the transport in the future?ARobots will control the speed of the car.BWe can travel around the earth in about three hours.CThere will be more flights from Los Angeles to Tokyo.DCars can run without any fuel.B解析：细节理解题。根据文中第四段的On the other hand，space planes will take people around the earth in about three hours.可知答案。8From the passage we can infer that by 2050 _Apeople will spend less time in studyingBmore and more people neednt go to schoolCpeople will have more time to relax or restDno patients will be found in the worldC解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的By 2050，we will see robots everywhere.They do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.可以推知，工作可以让机器人做，人们会有更多的时间来放松和休闲。 七选五As a parent, you must have a lot of concerns regarding the various skills you would like your child to acquire.Music is one of them.1._ On the other hand, it is great for a childs overall development if he or she has an interest in the fine arts.2_ It is well known that they stay out of trouble as teenagers and young adults if they have music as a serious interest.The concentration helps them with their grades.Their learning and communication skills are better than those of their peer group.They also develop lots of confidence and selfestee