2019高中英语Unit2KingLearSectionⅠWarmingUp.docx

Unit 2 King LearWilliam Shakespeare (15641616) is one of the most remarkable playwrights and poets the world has ever known.With his 38 plays,154 sonnets and 2 long poems，he has established his giant position in world literature.He has also been given the highest praises by various scholars and critics the world over.In the past 400 years or so，books and essays on Shakespeare and his works have kept coming out in large quantities.Shakespeare went to a London which afforded a wonderful environment for the development of dramAFrom about 1591 to about 1611，Shakespeare was in the prime of his dramatic career and his plays came out one after another.Shakespeare did not confine his genius merely to the theater.In 1593 and 1594，he published two narrative poems(叙事诗)He also wrote sonnets，which were published in 1609.By 1597，Shakespeare was so prosperous that he bought the largest house in Stratford，known as New Place.About 1610 Shakespeare left London and retired to Stratford.He died on April 23,1616.Generally his dramatic career is divided into four periods.The first period was one of apprenticeship.He wrote five history plays：Henry ，Parts ， and ，Richard ，and Titus Andronicus；and four comedies：The comedy of Errors，The Two Gentlemen of Verona，The Taming of the Shrew，and Loves Labours Lost.In the second period，Shakespeares style and approach became highly individualized.In this Period he wrote five histories：Richard ，King John, Henry， Parts and ，and Henry V；six comedies：A Midsummer Nights Dream，The Merchant of Venice，Much Ado About Nothing，As You Like It，Twelfth Night，and The Merry Wives of Windsor；and Two tragedies：Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesar.Shakespeares third period includes his greatest tragedies and his socalled dark comedies.The tragedies of this period are Hamlet，Othello，King Lear，Macbeth，Antony and Cleopatra，Troilus and Cressida，and Coriolanus.The two comedies are Alls Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure.The last period of Shakespeares work includes his principle romantic tragicomedies：Pericles，Cymbeline，The Winters Tale and The Tempest; and his two final plays：Henry and The Two Noble Kinsmen.True (T) or False (F)1Shakespeare wrote only 38 plays and two long poems in his life.()2Romeo and Juliet is a famous comedy as well as Alls Well That Ends Well.()3The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeares works written in the second period.()答案：1.F2.F3.TSection_Warming_Up_&_Reading.高频单词点击1respectful (adj.)恭敬的disrespectful(adj.)无礼的，失礼的respect (v.)尊敬，尊重2shorten (v.)缩短，使变短short (adj.)短的，矮的3modernize (v.)使现代化modern (adj.)现代的modernization (n.)现代化4burden (n.)担子，负担5responsibility (n.)责任，职责responsible(adj.)有责任的，负责任的responsibly(adv.)负责任地6whichever (pron.)无论哪一个which (pron.)哪一个7pray (vt.)请求；恳求 (n.)请求8distribute (vt.)分发；分配distribution (n.)分布；分配distributive_ (adj.)分配的9contradict (vt.)同矛盾或抵触；反驳contradiction (n.)矛盾contradictory (adj.)矛盾的，完全相反的10forecast (vt.)预测，预报11oppose (vt.)反对；反抗opposite (adj.)反对的，对面的opposition (n.)反对，对立12greed (n.)贪婪greedy (adj.)贪婪的13innocent (adj.)清白的，天真的innocence (n.)天真，单纯innocently (adv.)无罪地，无邪地 .重点短语必记1hand over移交(权利；责任)2care for 祈祷；恳求；请3hear.out 听完4on behalf of 代表5beyond question 无可争辩；毫无疑问6speak out 大胆地说；大声说7pack up 把打包；整理8give away 送掉；泄露9be fond of 喜爱；爱好.常用句型必备1Here is a map of my kingdom with_all_the_boundaries_drawn_on_it.2For whichever_of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own.3If you have_not_passed beyond my frontiers within five days，I will have you killed.课文大意理解1Cordelia said nothing to delight the King Lear because she _.Ahated himBdidnt want to flatter himCdidnt want anything from himDdidnt love him at all答案：B2Which statement is Not True according to the text?AThe King was annoyed with CordeliABCordelia got nothing from her father.CThe King firmly believed what his daughters said.DAll the three daughters have got what they wanted.答案：D3What do you think of the King Lear?AWise. BHumorous.CFoolish. DGreedy.答案：C4Goneril and Regan say they love their father because they_.Alove their father deeplyBwant to delight their fatherCwant to know how much their father love themDwant to get his kingdom答案：D.课文缩写填空The King Lear，has three daughters.As he is becoming old and cant take the _1_ of government，he wants to hand over the _2_ to his daughters.One day，he decides to _3_his kingdom among them and give the best part to _4_ of them loves him most.However，in the end，he believes the older daughters _5_ and thinks his youngest daughter _6_ him.As a result，he gives away his kingdom to the _7_ daughters，only keeping a _8_ of 100 loyal soldiers for himself.While the youngest daughter is _9_and her love of her father is also_10_question，she gets nothing.答案：1.burden2.responsibility3.distribute4whichever5.flattery6.opposes7.greedy8.troop9innocent10.beyond单词点击1respectful adj.恭敬的，尊敬人的be respectful of tradition尊重传统be respectful to sb. 尊敬某人stand at a respectful distance from sb.站得离某人有一定距离(表恭敬)We should be respectful of tradition.我们应尊重传统。The students in Class One are respectful to Mr.Wang.一班的学生都尊重王老师。respect vt.& n尊敬；尊重have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人in respect of sth. 关于，就而言with all due respect(礼貌地表示不同意见)恕我直言respects 请安，问候，问好Children ought to be taught to respect their elders.应该教育孩子们尊敬长辈。I have a deep/great respect for him.我对他非常尊重。With all due respect，we cant agree to the plan.恕我直言，我们不能同意这项计划。Please give my respects to your sister.请代我向你姐姐问好。 (1)昨天那个充满敬意的年轻人拜访了那位受人尊敬的小说家。The _young man visited the _novelist yesterday.(2)关于这个问题，我们下次会议上再进一步讨论。_ this problem，well discuss it further at the next meeting.答案：(1)respectful；respected(2)In respect of2burden(1)n.担子，负担，义务，烦恼He could not carry the burden alone.他一人挑不起这副担子。He was always a burden to his parents.他一直是父母的负担。(2)vt.加负担于，使负重担，装载burden sb.with .让某人负担be burdened with .负载，负担He burdened the horse with a load.他使马负载。I dont want to burden her with my troubles.我不想以我的苦恼来加重她的负担。 She _ always _ worries.Ais；burdened to Bis；burdened withCwas；burdened to Dwas；burdening with解析：选Bbe burdened with担负着。句意为“她总是忧心忡忡”。3responsibility n责任，负责，责任心，职责，义务；事故责任have a responsibility to/towards .对有责任take (a) responsibility for . 对负责responsible adj.有责任的，负责的，作定语时，要后置。be responsible for (doing) sth. 对负责be responsible to sb. 对某人负责responsibly adv. 认真负责地，可信赖地I think we have a moral responsibility towards these countries.我认为我们在道义上有责任帮助这些国家。He agreed to take responsibility for organizing the party.他同意负责组织这次聚会。The bank refuses to accept responsibility for the mistake.银行拒绝为这一错误承担责任。Nobody has claimed responsibility for the bombing.没有人声称对爆炸事件负责。 (1)_(是你的职责)to check that all doors and windows are locked.(2)Our department manager_directly_(对负责)the president of sales.答案：(1)Its your responsibility(2)is；responsible to4pray(1)vt.& vi.祈祷，祷告，衷心愿望，祈求pray.(to sb.)for sth.向(某人)祈求某物pray that从句 祈求pray sb.to do sth. 请求某人做某事pray to do sth. 祈祷做He prayed to God for her safety.他向神祈求她平安。She prayed that her son would be admitted to university.她祈祷她的儿子能被大学录取。I pray you to bear with my faults.我请求你容忍我的过错。(2)adv.相当于please，请问，请prayer n 祈祷，祷告，祈祷文(常用pl.)请求者，祈祷者 Pray tell me the time.请问现在是什么时间。What is the use of that，pray?请问那有什么用处呢？ (1)请问，这是什么意思？_(2)他祈求宽恕。_答案：(1)Whats the meaning of this，pray?(2)He prayed to be forgiven.5distribute vt.分布；分发；分配(1)distribute sth.to/among sb./sth.把分配给；在某人(事)中分配The firm distributed its profits among its workers.公司将利润分给了工人。The headmaster distributed the prizes to/among the winners at the meeting.校长在大会上把奖品颁发给优胜者。Our chain stores are distributed all over the country.我们的连锁店遍布全国。(2)distribution n分配，分布，分发The cherry tree has a wide distribution in Japan.樱花树在日本分布很广。 (1)The map shows the _ of this kind of animals.(2)The money was _ among the schools in this areA答案：(1)distribution(2)distributed6contradict vt.否定，否认，反驳；与矛盾(抵触)The witness contradicted the drivers statement.目击者否认那名司机的陈述。The books contradict each other.这些书彼此矛盾。The speaker had got confused and started contradicting himself.演讲者弄糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾。contradiction n矛盾，不一致；否认，反驳in contradiction with. 与矛盾contradictory adj. 互相矛盾的，互相对立的be contradictory to 与相矛盾，不一致What he did was contradictory to what he said.他做的事与他说的话相矛盾。Their interests are not in contradiction to/with what we will do.他们的利益与我们要做的事没有抵触。 His public speeches are_his personal lifestyle.Acontradict withBcontradictory toCin contradiction with DB and C解析：选D表示“与相矛盾”可用contradict sth.；be contradictory to和be in contradiction with。7oppose vt.& vi.反对；反抗be opposed to反对；反抗as opposed to 相对之下，与对照下He got angry when I opposed his plan.当我反对他的计划时，他生气了。His daughter is very athletic as opposed to his son，who is very clever.他的女儿擅长运动，儿子却擅用头脑，两人恰成对比。We are apposed to the idea of driving the car too fast.我们反对开车太快的观点。opposition n反对，对立in opposition to 反对着They are on strike in opposition to the layoff.他们罢工以反对临时解雇。 (1)We are firmly_ to the practice of power politics between nations.(2)The workers _ the new law and are getting together for a strike.(3)People went on a march in _to the new law.答案：(1)opposed(2)oppose(3)opposition8innocent(1)adj.清白的，无罪的，天真的，无知的be innocent of 没有罪(反义：be guilty of有罪)innocence n单纯；清白；无害I was very young and very innocent.那时我非常年幼无知。The young man was found innocent of any crime.那年轻人获判无罪。She still has the innocence of a child.她依然保有小孩的纯真。(2)n.C无罪的人，无辜的人，清白的人In the end the innocent was set free and the criminal was sentenced to death.最后，无辜者被释放，罪犯被判处死刑。It is better that ten guilty escape than one innocent suffers.宁可让十个罪犯漏网，不可使一个好人蒙冤。 他没有犯罪。_答案：He was innocent of crimes.短语精析1hand over 移交(权利、责任)The UK handed over Hong Kong to China in 1997.英国在1997年向中国移交香港。The pickpocket was handed over to the police.扒手被送交警方。hand down传下来(pass down)hand in 交上hand out 分发Our fathers handed down the customs to us.我们的父辈把这些习俗传给了我们。The teacher handed out books to all the pupils.老师把书发给所有学生。 (1)We should hand_ the revolutionary tradition from generation to generation.(2)Tom，hand_your homework before Friday，please.(3)The teacher is handing_ the papers.(4)The government was handed_ to Obama，the new president.答案：(1)down(2)in(3)out(4)over2care for关怀，喜欢；照顾；计较I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her.(天津高考阅读B) 我选择从大学退学来照料她。care about在乎；关心take care 小心，留神take care of 照顾，照料with care 小心；慎重What I care about is not what he can learn at school but whether he can build up his confidence in the new environment.我所关心的不是他在学校可以学到什么，而是在新的环境中他是否能树立自信心。He handled the instrument with care for fear it should be damaged.他小心地摆弄那架仪器，生怕把它弄坏。care about，care for(1)care about关心，在乎，只表示认为某事重要并产生兴趣和忧虑，常用于疑问句和否定句；后接从句时about要省略。I dont care about whether it rains.我才不在乎下不下雨呢。(2)care for喜欢，常用于疑问或否定句；照顾，是较正式的用语。Einstein who cared little for money never cared about his salary.爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣，他从不在乎薪水多少。 I sincerely suggest that you try your best to finish this project, unless you dont _ the complaints from all directions.Acare about Bset aboutCbring about Dgo about解析：选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：我真心地建议你尽你最大的努力完成这个项目，除非你不在意来自各方的抱怨。care about“关心；在乎”，符合句意。set about “开始；着手”；bring about “导致；引起”；go about (doing) sth.“着手(做)某事；继续(做)某事；忙于(做)某事”。3hear.out听完Dont make hasty conclusion；hear him out first.不要匆匆下结论，先让他把话讲完。副词out在此处有“到最后，彻底地；完全地；完，尽”之意。与动词连用，若宾语是代词应放在out之前。Lets play the game out.让我们把比赛进行到底。Our food supply is running out.我们的食物供应快耗尽了。hear about/of听说，听到有关hear from sb. 收到某人的来信Ive never heard of him.Who is he?我从未听说过他这个人，他是谁？ (1)Do you often_ (收到你弟弟的来信吗)?(2)You will_ (听说)this in a week.(3)Stop！_(听老师讲完)and then we can make a true conclusion.答案：(1)hear from your brother(2)hear of/about(3)Hear the teacher out4on behalf of代表，作为的代表，为了on behalf ofon sb.s behalfin behalf ofin sb.s behalf都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为某人之利益”。The agent spoke on behalf of his principal.代理人代表他的委托人说话。She gave a piano recital on a charitys behalf.她为某慈善机构举行一场钢琴独奏会。 The husband has written the letter_his wife to express her thanks to the policemen.Afor the sake of Bon behalf ofCin spite of Dfor the reason of解析：选B句意为：丈夫代表妻子给警察写了那封感谢信。for the sake of为了，为了的利益，on behalf of.代表，为了；in spite of 无论，不管，for the reason of因为的原因，只有on behalf of符合题意。5beyond question毫无疑问地/的，确实地/的The wisdom of his decision is beyond question.他的决定是明智的，这是毋庸置疑的。beyond用作介词时，可表示“(程度)深于；(范围)越出；(可能性、理解力、能力等)非可及”，能与不同的名词搭配，也能与代词搭配。beyond recognition认不出来的beyond belief 难以置信的beyond ones wildest dreams 做梦也想不到的beyond ones power 超出某人的能力beyond all praise 怎么称赞也不够beyond description 难以用语言描述Understanding Hawkings A Brief History of Time is beyond my capacity.我看不懂霍金的时间简史。Your bad behavior is beyond a joke.你的不良行为超出了开玩笑的限度(你的玩笑开得太大了)。Its beyond me why she married him.我不明白她为什么会嫁给他。 I am sorry its _ my power to make a final decision on the project.Aover BaboveCoff Dbeyond解析：选D本题考查介词辨析。over和above作为介词表方位时，意为“在上方，高于”；off的意思是“从脱离，不在某物表面上”；而beyond意为“超出的范围”。6speak out大胆地说；大声地说“We are afraid of nothing”，we spoke out.我们大胆地说：“我们什么也不怕”。I cant hear you clearly.Please speak out. 我听不清你所说的，请大声说。frankly/generally/strictly speaking坦率地(一般地/严格地)说speak of 说到，谈起，提及speaking of. (介词短语)说到，讲起Speaking of school，how was your examination?说到学校，你考得怎样？ 我实在不知道是否该勇敢地说出来。_答案：I really dont know whether I should speak out.7pack up 把打包；整理；停止，结束，解雇He packed up his things and left.他把东西打点好就走了。He was told by the boss to pack up.老板把他解雇了。Its time that we packed up.我们到收工的时候了。pack off把打发走pack in (演员等)大量吸引(观众)She packed the children off to bed.她把孩子全打发去睡觉了。 (1)I_the gifts carefully.(2)The exhibition is still _ many visitors.答案：(1)packed up(2)packing in8give away分发(奖品)；放弃(机会等)；泄露(秘密等)；(结婚仪式上)把新娘交给新郎His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。Youve given away a good chance of winning the match.你已经失去了一个比赛获胜的好机会。The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.市长在学校运动会那天颁发了奖项。The bride was given away by her father.新娘由父亲交给新郎。 Dont mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may _ the shocking ending.Agive away Bgive outCgive up Dgive off解析：选A句意：在故事的开头不要提及这点，否则就可能会提早泄露令人吃惊的结局。可知答案为A。句型归纳1See，here is a map of my kingdom with_all_the_boundaries_drawn_on_it.瞧，这是我的王国地图，所有的疆界都标在上面。with all the boundaries drawn on it是with的复合结构，在句子中作定语。宾语补足语用了过去分词，因为它与宾语是被动关系。with复合宾语(1)构成形式：with宾语宾语补足语(分词，不定式，形容词，副词，介词短语，名词)(2)在with复合结构中，宾语和宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。当这种主谓关系表现为主动关系时，用现在分词；当这种主谓关系表现为被动关系时，用过去分词；当这种主谓关系表示将来意义时，用不定式；当这种主谓关系表示伴随意义时，用现在分词或副词。(3) with的复合结构在句中可作定语或状语。With a boy leading the way，they started towards the village.由一个小男孩领着路，他们朝那个村子去了。(现在分词；状语)With the work done，he went home.工作做完后，他回家了。(过去分词；状语)With you to help us，we will finish the task in time.由你来帮忙，我们将会及时完成任务。(不定式；状语)Hong Kong looks more beautiful with thousands of lights on at night.夜里，香港万盏灯火，分外美丽。(副词；状语)Have you seen a woman with a baby in her arms?你见到一个抱孩子的妇女了吗？(介词短语；定语) (1)_(这么多学生看着她)，she felt nervous.(2)He left the house_(门没锁)(3)I am not used to sleeping _(灯亮着)(4)_(有许多作业要做)，she refused to go out with me.(5)The teacher came into the classroom，_(手里拿着一本书)答案：(1)With so many students looking at her(2)with the door unlocked(3)with the light on(4)With much homework to do(5)with a book in his hand2For whichever of you has for me the most devotion I will give to her the best part of everything I own.你们之中谁最爱我，我就把我拥有的最好的东西赠送给谁。whichever无论哪一个，任何(1)在句中可引导名词性从句。Here are all my books.Choose whichever you like.我所有的书都在这里，喜欢哪本选哪本。(2)引导让步状语从句，可用no matter which替换。It has the same result，whichever way you do it.不论你怎么做，结果都一样。whatever无论什么whoever 无论谁(主格)whomever 无论谁(宾格)however