英语：Module1Unit3课件(外研社八年级下).ppt

Module 1 Unit 3 Language in use,1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。 2. 在句子中, 词与词之间有一定的组合关系, 按照不同的关系, 可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。 3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。,句子成分,4. 英语的基本成分有六种: 主语(subject), 谓语(predicate), 表语(predicative), 宾语(object), 定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。,主 语 1. 主语是一个句子的主题, 也是句子的主体, 表示句子主要说明的人或事物。 2. 它的位置一般在句首。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。,e.g. The meeting will begin at 9:00. (名词) We study in No. 1 Middle School.(代词) Smoking is bad for you. (动名词),谓 语 谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。 一般放在主语之后。 2. 谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表 语担当。 3. 谓语必须和主语在“人称”和“数”上 保持一致。,e.g. We work hard. (动词） Mike likes his new book. His parents are teachers. (连系动词+表语) She is reading.,表 语 1. 表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。 2. 表语位于连系动词之后, 二者构成系表结构, 即合成谓语。 3. 表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。,e.g. Her brother is a driver.(名词) Are you ready?(形容词) We were at home last night. (介词短语) This book is mine, not yours. (代词) The film is exciting. (现在分词),e.g. He often helps me. (代词) We study English at school. (名词) If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. (数词) Remember to buy some stamps. (动词不定式) He likes making you laugh. (动名词) Do you understand what I mean? (从句),宾语补足语 位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。它们一起构成复合宾语。 1. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词： The war made him a soldier. 2. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词： Please keep the room clean.,3. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语： I often find him at work. 4. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式： The teacher ask the students to close the windows. 5. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词： I saw a cat running across the road.,状 语 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句, 说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。 1) 副词 (短语) 作状语： The boy needs a pen very much. (程度状语) The boy needs a pen now. (时间状语),2) 介词短语作状语： In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. (地点状语) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. (时间状语),3) 不定式作状语: The boy needs a pen to do his homework. (目的状语) 4) 名词作状语: Come this way! (方向状语),定 语 1. 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子的句子成分。 2. 定语有前置定语和后置定语。 3. 充当定语的词有: 形容词、名词、代词、数词、名词所 有格、方位副词、不定式、动词的-ing形式、过去分词和从句等。,e.g. Tom is a handsome boy. (形容词作定语 ) His name is Tom. (代词作定语) The boy in blue is Tom. (介词短语作定语) There is nothing to do today. (不定式作定语),英语五种基本句型和特殊句型如下:,基本句型一: S V (主谓） 基本句型二: S V P (主系表) 基本句型三: S V O (主谓宾) 基本句型四: S V O O (主谓间宾直宾) 基本句型五: S V O C (主谓宾宾补) 特殊句型：There be +主语+状语,1. 主语+系动词+表语 2. 主语+谓语+状语,请根据所给句子结构分别写出一个英文例句。,Toms room is very tidy. She gets up at 6:00 every morning.,3. 主语+谓语+宾语 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+补语,Miss Wang teaches Chinese. My father bought me a new bike. I often help my father wash his car.,Put the words and phrases in the correct order to make sentences. (Activity 1),Answers: 1. _ _ 2. _ 3. _,I bought my mother a new book for her birthday.,She showed me her stamp collection.,I often watch sport on TV.,4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _,Im a writer.,I read a lot.,My father wanted me to be a musician.,I heard her sing.,There are lots of fans in the museum.,Im playing the piano.,Activity 7 Listen and choose the best answer. Answers: 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _,b,a,c,c,a,1. You cant work all the time. You need a h_ to relax, for example, listening to music. 2. After you have finished cooking, you must t_ everything up.,请根据句意及所给首字母提示补全所缺单词。,idy,obby,Exercises,3. I like this book. It is full of u_ information. 4. Which a _do you like better, playing volleyball or swimming? 5. I saw many ships s_ in the sea.,ailing,seful,ctivity,Translate the phrases.,1) 将来 _ 2) 结果 _ 3) 山地自行车运动 _ 4) 出版 _ 5) 例如 _,in the future