2019年高中英语Unit5FirstaidSectionⅡWarmingUp.docx

Section Warming Up & Reading-Language Points一、这样记单词1. 记得准写得对2. 记得快记得多.基础词汇1. temporary adj.暂时的；临时的2. choke vi.&vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息3. organ n. 器官4. barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物)5. complex adj. 复杂的6. liquid n. 液体7. scissors n(pl.) 剪刀8. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨；挤；压榨9. vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的10. symptom n. 症状；征兆11. pour vt.&vi. 倒；灌；注；涌12. damp adj. 潮湿的.拓展词汇1. bleed vi.&vt.流血blood n血；血液2. injury n损伤；伤害injure vt.使受伤；弄伤injured adj.受伤的3. poison n毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的4. mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地5. swell vi.&vt.(使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj.肿胀的6. unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的bearable adj.可忍受的；能应付的bear v忍受7. variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)vary vi.变化；变动various adj.各种各样的1. temporary adj.暂时的；临时的反义permanent adj.永久的联想contemporary adj.当代的；同时代的organ n器官联想器官及身体部位相关词汇集锦lung n肺liver n肝skin n皮；皮肤 ankle n踝(关节)wrist n手腕 tissue n(生物)组织2. liquid n液体联想物质的各种存在形式solid n固体 adj.结实的；固体的 steam n蒸汽；水蒸气gas n煤气；气体3. scissors n(pl.)剪刀规律一些成双成对的名词通常只有复数形式，常见的还有：jeans牛仔裤headphones耳机trousers裤子glasses眼镜 shoes鞋子 compasses圆规4. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的同义important; of great importance6. aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助联想“帮助”家族help n&vt.帮助assist vt.帮助；协助support n&vt.支持；帮助 sponsor vt.赞助fund vt.资助 do sb. a favour帮助某人give/lend sb. a hand帮助某人7. 与“急救”有关的词汇poison n&vt.毒药；使中毒injury n损伤；伤害choke vi.&vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息 bleed vi.&vt.流血treat vt.&vi.治疗 cure vt.治愈apply vt.涂；敷 first aid急救二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.first_aid(对伤患者的)急救2fall_ill 生病3get_injured 受伤4a_variety_of 各种各样的5electric_shock 触电；电休克6squeeze_out 榨出；挤出7over_and_over_again 反复；多次8in_place 在适当的位置；适当1.an essential part必不可少的部分2a barrier against . 抵御的一道屏障3a sense of touch 触觉4within a day or two 一两天内5tissue and organs under the skin 皮下组织和器官6take off 脱掉7icy water 冰水8get infected 感染三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1. it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。where在句中引导表语从句，表示“的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。He wants to go to Paris, but I want to go to London; thats_where_we_differ.他想去巴黎，但我想去伦敦，那就是我们的分歧所在。2.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。as引导非限制性定语从句，as 在句中作宾语，指代后面主句所表述的内容。As_we_all_know,_it is vital to obey traffic rules.我们大家都知道，遵守交通规则是十分重要的。3.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。if necessary为省略句，补全后为：if it is necessary。If_necessary,_Ill go there myself. 如果有必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。1(教材P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。aid n&vt.帮助；援助；资助(1)first aid(对伤患者的)急救with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid在某人的帮助下come to ones aid 来帮助某人(2)aid sb.in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth. 以某物帮助某人aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.一个人立刻冲向那位姑娘给予急救，我也毫不犹豫地加入这一行列。I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。他决定帮助这个可怜的女孩完成学业。fall ill生病She had to stay at home because her son fell ill yesterday.昨天因为儿子生病她得待在家里。辨析比较fall ill, be illfall ill强调突然病倒。短暂性动词短语，不与表示一段时间的状语连用be ill表示生病的状态。延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的状语连用The teacher fell_ill suddenly while she was giving class. Since then she has_been_ill for half a year.那位老师上课时突然生病。自那时起她已经病了半年了。名师点津fall短语大集合fall silent安静下来fall asleep 入睡；睡着fall in love with . 爱上fall into the habit of . 形成习惯fall into debt 欠债2(教材P33)Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.通常情况下这种疾病或损伤不是很严重，但也有一些时候迅速实施急救能挽救生命。injury n损伤；伤害do an injury to sb. do sb. an injury伤害某人be an injury/injuries to sb./sth. 对某人/某物的伤害Dont do that. Youll do yourself an injury.别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。What you said was an injury to her fame.你所说的话有损她的名声。3(教材P34)You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)(1)a variety of varieties of 各种各样的(2)various adj. varieties of/a variety of各种各样的；不同种类的Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers.(2017浙江高考)要确保你在随机采访时能够得到各种不同的答案。There are ways of cooking an egg. 有各种各样烹饪鸡蛋的方法。名师点津“a variety of 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用复数；“the variety of复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词使用单数。There are a large variety of flowers on sale in the market, while the variety of what he prefers is limited.市场上销售各种各样的鲜花，但是他能中意的品种却不多。4(教材P34)For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需要把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。squeeze vt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨squeeze into/in挤入；塞进squeeze out 榨出；挤出squeeze through 挤过The bus was full, but I managed to squeeze in.公交车里很拥挤，但是我还是设法挤了进去。You should squeeze out some time to visit your old friends.你应该挤出些时间去拜访你的老朋友。The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。 5(教材P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布在适当的位置把绷带固定住。in place在适当的位置；适当写出下列句中in place的含义The librarian put the returned books in place.在适当的位置Her dress was quite in place at the party.适当out of place不合适；不在恰当的位置in the first place 首先；第一in place of 代替In_the_first_place,_Id like to tell you something about the weather in my city, which is often windy and very cold in winter.首先，我想给你们介绍一下我所在城市的天气，多风而且冬天非常寒冷。The doctor advised her to eat more bean products in_place_of meat which might be harmful to her heart disease.医生建议她多吃豆制品代替可能对心脏病有害的肉类。6(教材P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的be of vital importance是至关重要的be vital to/for . 对极为重要的It is vital to do . 做很重要It is vital that . (should) do sth. 是十分重要的What he did is of vital importance.他做的事是至关重要的。As far as we all are concerned, consideration for other people is_vital_to/for all of us.对我们所有人而言，体谅别人是极其重要的。As for the work, it is vital to_keep (keep) accurate records.就这项工作而言，做好准确的记录非常重要。If we are to make a difference in life, its_vital_that we (should) begin with small things.(2014湖北高考)我们要想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。7(教材P35)Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. 山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。pour vt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨pour in/into涌进pour out of 从中涌出来pour down (雨)倾盆而降pour out 倾诉The Great Wall is such a wellknown tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.长城是个如此有名气的旅游景点，每年都有数以百万计的游客蜂拥而至。 The crazy football fans poured_out_of the stadium cheering wildly. 狂热的足球迷们欣喜若狂地从体育场中蜂拥而出。She poured out her trouble to me over a cup of coffee.她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。1.it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.正是皮肤使你感到冷、热或疼痛，它还使你有触觉。本句中where you feel cold, heat or pain是where引导的表语从句，where表示“的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。This is where Africas great rivers begin.非洲的大河都是从这里发源的。 Beijing is where you can see ancient and modern cultures.在北京你会看到古代文化，也会看到现代文化。2So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此，你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，就可能非常严重。句中as引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中作宾语，指代的是“if your skin gets burned it can be very serious”。as 引导定语从句的常用句式有：as is known to all众所周知as we all know 我们都知道as we can see 正如我们所看到的as is reported 正如报道的那样as is often the case 这是常有的事as was mentioned above 正如上面所提到的As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from being hurt.(2014湖南高考标准范文)众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。The hall, as_is_often_the_case,_becomes very crowded.大厅里变得非常拥挤，情况常常如此。As was_reported (report), over twenty people were killed in the terrible accident.正如报道的那样，二十多人死于这起严重的事故。.单句语法填空1My professor aided me to_continue (continue) my study.2People like to live a life full of variety (various)3I squeezed myself into/in a crowded bus with great difficulty.4Having been working too hard in the last few months, he fell (fall) ill suddenly.5He made up his mind that he wouldnt do her an injury.6Youd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.7As everyone can see, education is vital to/for the countrys future.8Some students often pour out their trouble to the teachers.9We have a lot in common; that is where we can cooperate.10As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.选词填空a variety of， squeeze through， out of place， pour down， as you can see， be ill， do first aid， do sb. an injury1Her husband has_been_ill for a long time and is unable to work.2The girl is badly injured. Youd better do_first_aid to her before taking her to hospital.3If you try and lift that heavy suitcase, you will do_yourself_an_injury.4There will be a_variety_of exhibits in the exhibition in Italy.5He managed to squeeze_through the crowd at last.6Some of these books are out_of_place,_making the whole room messy.7When did she get injured?It was at midnight when rain was pouring_down.8(2014北京高考满分作文)As_you_can_see in the picture, many students are riding bikes to school.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1As everybody knows, cancer doesnt show any symptoms (症状) in its early stages.2(2016天津高考)Day after day I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue (疲惫) became almost unbearable (难以忍受的). 3The skin, whose functions are very complex, is our bodys largest organ which acts as a barrier (屏障) against disease and the suns harmful rays. 4(2017全国卷)Try to make the hole in a damp (潮湿的) area to increase the water catchers productivity. 5We would have put Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury (受伤)6(2015安徽高考)If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety (多样性)7It was vital (至关重要的) to show that he was not afraid.8(2017北京高考)The magazine makes complex (复杂的) ideas attractive and accessible to children. .单句改错1Dont eat the food that has gone bad, or you will be ill.befall2With aid of a compass the traveler can find the land.With后加the3There is a wide variety of flowers in the park.isare4To squeeze more juice out of, youd better cut up the apples before you put them in the machine.去掉of5Dont take anything away. Mother likes everything to be in the place.去掉the6The rain came pouring out, and of course the track meeting was canceled.outdown7He said mild to me that he didnt mean to upset dmildly8Please stay which you are and wait until I come back.whichwhere.补全句子1Caught in a heavy rain on his way home, he fell_ill and couldnt but ask for a leave.由于回家途中遇上大雨，他生病了，只能请假。2Theres no denying that the attack did_a_severe_injury_to his reputation.不可否认，这次攻击对他的名誉造成了严重的损害。3(2015广东高考写作)With such a technique, examiners are able to provide_various/a_variety_of/varieties_of_suggestions_on appropriate ways of exercise for examinees.拥有这项技术，检测人员能够向受测者提供各种关于正确锻炼方式的建议。4In_the_first_place,_I think it very important to make more friends abroad.首先，我认为在国外多交朋友是非常重要的。5(2017全国卷书面表达)I think it_is_vital_to_you to borrow a history book and learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which can help you better understand the poems to be learned.我认为你借一本历史书提前学习唐朝的历史是非常重要的，这能帮助你更好地理解将要学习的诗歌。6The book is where_you_left_it. 书在你原来放的地方。7(2014陕西高考满分作文)As_is_known_to_you,_our school is unique in English teaching and studying for all the students.正如你知道的那样，我们学校在英语教学方面非常独特。8Practice_it_over_and_over_again until you remember it.反复练习直到记住它。.课文语法填空The skin, which acts as a barrier 1.against disease, poisons and the suns harmful rays, is an essential part of your body.So if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. Depending on 2.which layers of the skin are burned, burns are called first, second, third degree burns. First degree burns have an effect 3.on only the top layer of the skin and it turns white when 4.pressed (press)Second degree burns include severe sunburn and burns 5.caused (cause) by hot liquids. Third degree burns cause little or no pain if nerves are damaged. If possible, we should do some first aid. First, remove clothing using scissors if necessary 6.unless it is stuck to the burn. Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.Cool burns immediately with cool 7.but not icy water which prevents the pain becoming 8.unbearable (bear) and reduces swelling. It is 9.helpful (help) to squeeze cool cloths out from a basin and place them on the burned area over and over again. Hold the bandage 10.in place with tape if necessary. Lastly, it is vital that we should get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once if the situation becomes worse and worse.串点成篇微表达在日常生活中，有人会突然轻度(mildly)烧伤(burnt)、突然生病(fall ill)或中毒(poison)。我们经常需要实施一些临时的(temporary)救治。为了正确地实施急救(first aid)，我们要了解多种(a variety of)常见的症状(symptom)，并反复(over and over again)练习急救的步骤(process)。总之，急救极其重要(vital)。In_our_daily_life,_we_often_need_to_do_some_temporary_treatments_when_someone_is_mildly_burnt,_falls_ill_or_becomes_poisoned_suddenly._In_order_to_perform_first_aid_properly,_we_must_know_about_a_variety_of_common_symptoms_and_practice_the_first_aid_process_over_and_over_again._In_a_word,_first_aid_is_of_vital_importance.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.完形填空Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. _1_， illness or accidents may occur without any _2_. Frequently the person who is _3_ can be cared for at home if there is someone who can _4_ him under the doctors _5_. Sometimes arrangements can be _6_ for a visiting nurse to give the necessary _7_ once a day, or often, if necessary. The responsible one at home _8_ on with the rest of the care during the interval (间隔) between the nurses _9_.The rapid diagnosis (诊断) and _10_ treatment on the spot of an accident or sudden illness, _11_ waiting for the arrival of doctors, is called first aid and quite _12_ from the home nursing.When illness does come, the _13_ family is affected. Many adjustments have to be made _14_ the family routine neednt be disturbed (打乱) completely. Often it can be _15_ with home duties simplified (简化) to _16_ time and energy, thus reducing strain (压力) on the family.The _17_ work for giving nursing care is usually _18_ by one person, frequently the mother. _19_， in order that she may have some rest, or _20_ she herself is ill, other members of the family should learn how to help when sickness occurs.语篇解读：每个人都想健康、快乐，但疾病或事故难免发生，因此懂得一些家庭护理知识就尤为重要了。1A.SometimesBUnfortunatelyCActually DNaturally解析：选Bsometimes“有时”；unfortunately“不幸地”；actually“事实上”；naturally“自然地”。上文说“人人都想健康快乐”，然后笔锋一转，“_，疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，上下文有明显的句意转折，只有unfortunately可以表达出这层意义。2A.reason BnoticeCwarning Dsignal解析：选Creason表示“原因”；notice表示“通知”；warning表示“警报”；signal表示“信号”。without warning意为“没有预兆；没有警报”，“疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，与上文中的“人人都想健康快乐”相呼应。3A.weak BpatientCill Dhealthy解析：选Cweak表示“虚弱的”；patient表示“耐心的”；ill表示“生病的”；healthy表示“健康的”。因前面提到“疾病”，后面又提到cared for，由此可以推知C项正确。4A.wait for Blook forClook after Dlook at解析：选Cwait for“等待”；look for“寻找”；look after“照顾”；look at“看”。生病的人应是得到家人的照顾，即选择“look after”。5A.introduction BcontrolCdecision Ddirection解析：选Dintroduction“介绍”；control“控制”；decision“决定”；direction“指导”。家人对病人的照顾，应在医生的指导(direction)下进行。6A.done BmadeCplaced Dsupplied解析：选B词组make arrangements为固定短语，意思是“作安排”。7A.look BcureCtreatment Dtraining解析：选Clook“看”；cure“治愈”；treatment“治疗”；training“训练”。根据上下文意思，此处应指“治疗”。8A.works BcarriesClooks Ddepends解析：选Bwork on表示“继续工作”；carry on表示“继续开展，继续进行”；look on表示“袖手旁观”；depend on表示“依靠”。由句意可知此处应选B。9A.words BlettersCvisits Dhopes解析：选Cword表示“话语，单词”；letter表示“信件，字母”；visit表示“探望，参观”；hope表示“希望”。家人在家照顾病人，但护士还要按时过来看看，因此C项为正确答案。10A.immediate BquickCearly Dlate解析：选Aimmediate表示“即刻的，直接的”；quick表示“迅速的”；early表示“早的”；late表示“晚的，迟到的”。一旦发生事故，我们应该立刻进行急救，因此应用immediate。11A.before BwhileCas Dwhere解析：选Bbefore表示“在之前”；while表示“在的时候”；as表示“当的时候”；where表示“到的地方”。急救应是在等医生到来的过程中进行。12A.similar BdifferentCurgent Dseparate解析：选Bsimilar“相似的”，常与to连用；different“不同的”，常与from连用，表示“