汽车专业英语课后练习答案.pdf

Reviews Exercises ITranslate the following into Chinese(85) 1 front-mounted engine 2 rechargeable battery 3 drive shaft 4 torque converter 5 compression ignition engine 6 hydraulic control system 7 sparkignition engine 8 performance parameter 9 compression stroke 10 compression chamber volume 11 theoretical power 12 electricitypowered vehicles 13 gasolinepowered vehicles 14 bore and stroke 15 driving road wheels 16 four stroke cycle 17 intake stroke 18 combustion stroke 19 internal combustion engine 20 top dead center 21 airfuel mixture 22 Vtype engine 23 cylinder block 24 intake valve 25 flywheel 26 valve lash 27 water pump 28 oil filter 29 clutch fork 30 propeller shaft 31 up and down movement 32 unsprung weight 33 steering system 34 shock absorber 35 occupant space 36 energy absorbing steering column 37 ignition system 38 air conditioning system 39 MPV 40 SUV 1 前置发动机 2 可再充电池 3 驱动轴 4 变矩器 5 压缩点火发动机 6 液压控制系统 7 火花塞点火发动机 8 性能参数 9 压缩行程 10 压缩腔体积 11 理论动力功率 12 电力车辆 13 汽油动力车辆 14 缸径与行程 15 路面驱动轮 16 四冲程周期 17 进气行程 18 压缩行程 19 内燃机 20 上止位 21 空燃混合物 22 V 型发动机 23 缸体 24 进气阀 25 飞轮 26 阀门隙 27 水泵 28 机油过滤器 29 离合叉 30 推动轴 31 上下颠簸 32 非弹簧承载质量 33 转向系统 34 减震器 35 乘员空间 36 吸能转向柱 37 点火系统 38 空调系统 39 多用途车辆 40 运动通用车辆 41 mass flow meter 42 injection duration 43 electronic fuel injection 44 vapor lock 45 pressure regulator 46 pulsation damper 47 transaxle 48 modulator 49 torque converter 50 one-way clutch 51 solenoid valve 52 planetary gear set 53 valve body 54 brake fluid 55 EBCM 56 wheel speed sensor 57 hydraulic pressure 58 MPH 59 pulse frequency 60 dynamic test 61 rotating speed 62 in series 63 optional vacuum 64 Jack stands 65 speed up 66 accessory drive belt inspection 67 vehicle lifting platform 68 engine air cleaner filter 69 diagnostic tree 70ABS 71 ignition triggering sign 72 digital multimeter 73 engine cooling system 74 automotive diagnostic scanner 75 CMPS 76 daily maintenance 77 repair manuals 78 dynamic data stream 79 safety belts 80 trouble code 81 Toyota 82 windshield washer 83 air cleaner filter 84 fuel pressure regulator 41 质量流量计 42 喷油持续时间 43 电子燃油喷射 44 气阻 45 压力调节器 46 脉动阻尼器 47 变速轴 48 调节器 49 变矩器 50 单向离合器 51 电动阀 52 行星齿轮组 53 阀门体 54 制动油 55 电子制动控制模块 56 轮速传感器 57 液压 58 英里/小时 59 脉动频率 60 动力学试验 61 转速 62 串联 63 可选性真空 64 千斤顶座 65 提速 66 辅助驱动皮带检查 67 车辆升降台 68 发动机空气滤清器 69 诊断树 70 防抱死制动系统 71 点火触发信号 72 数字万用表 73 发动机冷却系统 74 汽车诊断扫描仪 75 凸轮轴位置传感器 76 每日维护 77 维修手册 78 动力学数据流 79 安全皮带 80 故障代码 81 丰田 82 挡风玻璃洗涤器 83 空气滤清器 84 燃油压力调节器 85Audi85 奥迪 Translate the following into English(85) 1 火花塞 2 燃烧室温度 3 传动轴 4 离台器总成 5 汽车防抱死制动系统 6 传动比 7 转向系统 8 底盘参数 9 水泵 10 后差速器 11 有效功率 l 2 整备质量 1 3 蒸汽汽车 14 出行方式 15 最小离地间隙 16 奥托循环发动机 17 燃烧室 18 压缩行程 19 排气行程 20 气缸盖 21 曲柄连杆机构 22 排气门 23 润滑系统 24 冷却系统 25 节温器 26 机油泵 27 离合器压盘 28 差速器 29 弹簧承载质量 30 转向系统 31 齿轮齿条式转向器 32 制动系统 33 制动主缸 34 四轮驱动 35 皮卡汽车 36 起动机 37 交流发电机 38 分电器 39 点火线圈 40 制动灯 41 电子控制系统 1 spark plug 2 combustion chamber temperature 3 drive shaft 4 clutch assembly 5 anti-lock brake system 6 gear ratio 7 steering system 8 chassis parameter 9 water pump 10 rear differential 11 effective power 12 curb weight 13 steam-powered vehicle 14 transportation mode 15 minimum clearance 16 Otto cycle engine 17 combustion chamber 18 compression stroke 19 exhaust stroke 20 cylinder cover 21 crankshaft connecting mechanism 22 exhaust valve 23 lubricating system 24 cooling system 25 thermostat 26 oil pump 27 clutch pressing plate 28 differential 29 sprung weight 30 steering system 31 rank and pinion steering system 32 brake system 33 braking master cylinder 34 four wheel drive 35 pickup car 36 starter 37 alternator 38 distributor 39 ignition coil 40 braking lamp 41 electronic control system 42 废气再循环 43 燃油供给系统 44 燃油滤清器 45 电子控制燃油喷射系统 46 多点燃油喷射 47 空气进气系统 48 前轮驱动 49 驱动轮 50 空挡 51 自动变速器 52 制动带 53 液力变矩器 54 防抱死制动系统 55 报警指示器 56 回流泵 57 制动踏板 58 电磁阀 59 仪表板 60 主缸 61 轮缸 62 巡航控制系统 63 数字信号 64 加速踏板 65 变速杆 66 维修手册 67 故障码 68 曲轴位置传感器 69 诊断 70 征兆 71 点火线圈 72 真空表 73 路试 74 滤网 75 抛锚 76 底盘 77 排气系统 78 自动变速器 79 轮胎气压表 80 短途 81 点火反馈信号 82 电控单元 83 螺钉旋具 84 扳手 85 二极管 42 exhaust gas recirculation 43 fuel delivery system 44 fuel filter 45 electronic control fuel injection system 46 multiple point fuel injection 47 air intake system 48 front wheel drive 49 driving wheel 50 neutral shift 51 automatic transmission 52 braking belt 53 hydraulic torque converter 54 anti-lock brake system 55 warning indicator 56 return flow pump 57 brake pedal 58 solenoid valve 59 instrumentation/dash/penal 60 master cylinder 61 wheel cylinder 62 cruise control system 63 digital signal 64 acceleration pedal 65 shift level 66 repair manual 67 trouble code 68 CKPS/crankshaft position sensor 69 diagnosis 70 symptom 71 ignition coil 72 vacuum gauge 73 road test 74 screen 75 breakdown 76 chassis 77 exhaust system 78 automatic transmission 79 wheel inflation gauge 80 short distance 81 ignition feedback signal 82 electronic control unit 83 screwdriver 84 wrench/spanner 85 diode IIITranslate the following sentences into Chinese(30) 1 Today automobiles production has grown from small workshops making simple horseless carriages to international corporations that mass-produce advanced automobiles. 2 He perfected the two-cylinder gasoline engine and attached it to the stagecoach，thereby producing the first fourwheeled motor vehicle in the world. 3Automobile parts can be grouped into four major categories：engine，body，chassis and electrical equipments. 4 The function of the propeller (drive) shaft is to transmit the drive from the transmission to the input shaft of the rear axle and differential assembly. 5 Gear selection may be done manually by the driver or automatically by a hydraulic control system. 6 The basic job of the suspension system is to absorb the shocks caused by irregular road surfaces that would otherwise be transmitted to the vehicle and its occupants. 7 The alternator changes the engines mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery. 8 Displacement and compression ratio are two frequently used engine specification. Displacement indicates engine size，and compression ratio compares the total cylinder volume to compression chamber volume. 9 Sources of frictional power include bearings， pistons sliding inside the cylinder，the compression stroke，the generator，fan，water pump，belts，air conditioner，transmission， drive shaft，rear deferential assemblies and so on. 10 All automobile engines both gasoline engine and diesel engine, are classified into internal combustion engines because the combustion or burning that creates energy takes place inside the engine. 11 Cars equipped with automatic transmissions 1 今天汽车生产已经从小作坊制造简单无需 马力的厢车发展成为大规模生产先进汽车的 国际合作。 2 他完善两缸汽油发动机并且把它安装在驿 车上，以此生产出世界上首辆四轮发动机动 力车辆。 3 汽车的组成可分为四大部分：发动机、车 身、底盘和电器设备。 4 传动轴的作用是把变速器的驱动力传送到 后桥及差速器总成的输入轴。 5 档位可由司机手动或液压系统自动完成。 6 悬挂系统的基本作用是吸收不平整路面引 起的冲撞力，否则就会传送到车辆和其中的 乘员身上。 7 交流发电机转变机械能为电能并且给电池 充电。 8 排量和压缩比是两个常用的发电机规格。 排量指的是发电机大小而压缩比是总气缸体 积对压缩腔体积的比值。 9 摩擦力的来源包括有轴承、缸内滑动的活 塞、压缩行程、发电机、风扇、水泵、皮带、 空调器、变速器、传动轴、后差速器总成等。 10 全部汽车的发电机，包括汽油机和柴油 机，都因为在发电机内部发生燃爆或燃烧而 产能而属于内燃机。 11 通常配备自动变速器的汽车没有离合器， normally do not have a clutch，on thesethe transmission operates automatically so that the driver is not required to use a clutch to shift gears. 12 In addition，it provides a cushioning effect through the use of padded interiors， a compliant windshield，and an energy absorbing steering column and dash，all of which help ameliorate the impact of an unrestrained occupant against the interior of the passenger compartment 13 The purpose of the battery is to supply current for operation of the cranking motor and the ignition system when the engine is being cranked for starting. 14 The computer then processes the sensor data according to its internal program and then signals the actuators to exercise the desired controloverthesubsystemthatrequire adjustment. 15 The fuel system has the job of supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel to the engine. 16 By delivering fuel directly at the back of the intake valvethe intake manifold design can be optimized to improve air velocity at the intake valve. 17 Planetary gear sets which are the mechanical systems provide the various forward gear ratios as well as reverse. 18 This is not unlike the human circulatory system(the fluid is red) where even a few minutes of operation when there is a lack of pressure can be harmful or even fatal to the life of the transmission. 19 The computer uses sensors on the engine and transmission to detect such things as throttle position，vehicle speed，engine speed， engine load，stop light switch position，etc to control exact shift points as well as how soft or firm the shift should be 20 When a wheel locks， it stops rotating and the tire skids or slides over the road surface，thus， the vehicle requires a greater distance to stop than if the tire was not skidding. 在这些汽车里，变速箱自动工作而驾驶员不 需要使用离合器换档。 12 此外，通过使用填充内饰，接合的挡风玻 璃，吸能转向柱和仪表板，所有这些都有助 于提供一个缓冲作用改善车厢内壁对因未能 系好安全带的乘客影响。 13 电池的作用是提供的起动电机和点火系 统电流，让发动机转动并运转。 14 然后， 计算机根据其内部程序处理传感器 数据，接着发出执行器的信号，让执行器进 行对需要调整的子系统作所需的控制， 15 燃油系统的作用是提供空气和燃料的可 燃混合气给发动机。 16 在进气阀后侧直接提供燃油， 进气歧管设 计可优化，以此提高进气阀空气流速。 17 行星齿轮组是机械系统， 提供的各种前进 档齿轮比以及倒车。 18 这是与人体循环系统没有什么不同 （液是 红色的） ， 即便是几分钟的运行中压力下降都 会损害变速器的寿命或者甚至是致命的。 19 计算机使用发动机和变速器的传感器来 检测油门位置、车速、发动机转速、发动机 负荷、停止灯开关的位置等，以此控制精确 的换档点以及变档应如何既轻柔又明确。 20 当一个车轮抱死时，它停止转动，轮胎在 路面刮划或平滑，因此，车辆会比轮胎没有 打滑时要求更大的距离才能停下来。 21 The EBCM determines the amount of current needed to apply the solenoid valves in the three positions：pressure increase，pressure hold and pressure decrease. 22 The cruise control system (CCS) allows you to maintain a set speed above 40kmh without keeping your foot on the accelerator pedal. 23Adaptivecruisecontrol(ACC)isan automotivefeature thatallows a vehicles cruise control system to adapt the vehicle s speed to the traffic environment. 24 Check the engine oil level and add the proper oil if necessary. Check tire inflation. Make sure the tires are inflated to the pressures specified on the Certification Tire label located on the driver door lock pillar. 25 We carefully checked wheel speed sensors， and found that they were covered with lots of dirt. After cleaning them, we had a road test again. The brake pedal didnt pulsate again at all speed when you pressed the pedal mildly. 26 The screwdriver is a device specifically designed to insert and tighten，or to loosen and removed screws. The screwdriver is made up of a head or tip，which engages with a screw，a mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip， and some way to position and support the screwdriver. 27 Vehicle lifting platform lifted cars by the axle，leaving the wheels to turn free，and they could be stopped at any convenient working height. 28 A vacuum gauge with several adapters can be used to test manifold vacuum and test vacuum operated circuits. A vacuum pump is handy for testing vacuum operated components such as EGR valves and heating and air conditioning systems. 29 So， according to the two examples， we know DTC does help us a lot ， but sometimes no trouble codes are indicated at all. It is the experience accumulated little by little during our maintenance career that makes a real sense. 30 A wrench or spanner is a tool used to 21 电子制动控制模块确定需要电流值， 以三 个电流值给电磁阀：压力增加，压力稳定和 压力下降。 22 巡航控制系统（CCS）可以让你保持一个 40公里/小时以上设定速度行进，无需把你的 脚保持在油门踏板上。 23 自适应巡航控制（ACC）是一个汽车的配 置，使车辆的巡航控制系统以适应车辆的交 通环境速度行进。 24 检查发动机机油油位， 如果必要添加适当 的机油。检查轮胎充气。确保轮胎充气达到 指定的压力。这压力标志位于驱动门锁支柱 的认证/轮胎标签上。 25 我们仔细检查轮速传感器， 并发现它们有 很多的污垢。清洗后，我们再次路试。在所 有的速度下，当您再次轻轻踩下踏板时制动 踏板再没有搏动。 26 螺丝起子是专门设计的设备， 用于插入并 拧紧，或者拧松并取下螺钉。螺丝起子有刀 头或尖，与一个螺丝钉咬合，使用一个机制 提供扭矩，以此旋转针尖，并以某种方式对 准和支持螺丝起子。 27 车辆升降利用其柱轴提升车体， 让轮子离 地并可自由转动，它们可以在任何方便的工 作高度停下来。 28 带多个接口的真空计可以用来测试的歧 管的真空度和测试真空运行的循环管道。真 空泵也应随时备用测试真空部件，如废气再 循环阀和暖气和空调系统的元件。 29 因此，根据这两个例子，我们知道诊断故 障代码不会对我们帮助很大，更加有时没有 故障码。在我们的维修生涯中，只有一点一 点的经验积累才能找到真谛。 30 一个扳手或开口扳手是那么一种工具， 用 provide a mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn bolts ， nuts or other items designedtointerfacewithawrench. At present ， we can see those tools ， like box wrench， electronic torque wrench， combination wrench，adjustable wrench，speed handle and ratchet handle. 来提供机械力的便利，给出力矩转动螺栓、 螺母或其他与扳手接口设计接合的物件的。 现在，我们能看到这些工具，如套筒扳手， 电子扭矩扳手，两用扳手，活动扳手，加速 手柄和棘轮手柄。 IVReview the following questions according to the texts(29) 1 Who built the first gasoline powered car? Answer：In 1885, Karl Benz built the first three-wheeled gasoline-powered car in Germany. In the following year, the milestone vehicle was built by Gottlieb Daimler，another German. He perfected the two-cylinder gasoline engine and attached it to the stagecoach, thereby producing the first four-wheeled motor vehicle in the world 2 Why did Henry Ford produce automobiles on a moving conveyor line? Answer：In 1913, Henry Ford began making automobiles on a moving conveyor line in his factories. He realized that efficient mass production could lower ear prices, making cars affordable for the average person，thus generating a huge marketThis was a smashing success. By 1916 annual U S auto production reached one million units, a level not reached by any other country until about 40 years later in England. 3 Whats the function of engine? Answer：The engine acts as the power unit. 4 Whats the function of ignition plug? Answer：The ignition plug supplies the electric spark to ignite the airfuel mixture in the cylinders. 5 Why do we need the cooling system on engine? Answer：The cooling system removes excessive heat from the engine. The temperature in engine combustion chambers is about 2,000 oF (1,094). Since steel melts at round 2,500oF (1,354), this heat must be carried away to prevent engine damage. Air and coolant are used to carry away the heat. 6 Whats the function of storage battery? Answer：The battery stores electricity. It supplies electricity for the ignition, horn, lights, heat and stater. The alternator changes the engines mechanical energy into electrical energy and recharges the battery. 7 What do dimensions of all automobile include? Answer： The dimensions of an automobile can make you know the appearance of it They contain the wheelbase, the track front and rear, the overall length, the overall width, he overall height， overhang front, overhang real, the angle of approach, the angle of departure, interior length, interior width，interior height，the ground clearance，curb weight，gross vehicle weight，number of the doors，seating capacity and trunk or cargo space 8 Describe the definition of compression ratio. Answer：Compression ratio are frequently used engine specification. Compression ratio compares the total cylinder volume to compression chamber volume. 9 Please list the name of the four strokes，and explain the working principle of the four stroke cycle. Answer：The four strokes refer to intake，compression，combustion (power) and exhaust strokes that occur during two crankshaft rotations per working cycle of the gasoline engine and diesel engine. The cycle begins at top dead center(TDC)，when the piston is farthest away from the axis of the crankshaft On the intake stroke of the piston，the piston descends from the top of the cylinder，reducing the pressure inside the cylinderAmixture of fuel and air is forced (by atmospheric or greater pressure)into the cylinder through the intake (inlet) port. The intake (inlet) valve (or valves) then close (s)，and the compression stroke compresses the fuel-air mixture. The air-fuel mixture is then ignited near the end of the compression stroke， usually by a spark plug (for a gasoline or Otto cycle engine) or by the heat and pressure of compression (for a Diesel cycle or compression ignition engine) The resulting pressure of burning fuel gas pushes the piston through the power strokeIn the exhaust stroke, the piston pushes the products of combustion from the cylinder through an exhaust valve or valves. 10 How many parts does the chassis consist of? Answer：In the case of a vehicle，the chassis includes four parts：transmission system，driving system，steering system and braking system. 11 Please write down every part function of the chassis. Answer：The function of the transmission is to transmit the power and torque from the engine to the wheels. The driving system carries the power from the transmission to the differential at the real-wheel axles，causing the rear wheels to rotate. The purpose of the steering system is guiding the car where me driver wants it to go. As we know, the brake system is used to slow down and stop a vehicle. 12 Please give examples of several forms and features of body. Answer：(1) 4 x4 or 4WD (“four by four”or“four wheel drive”) Vehicle：A four-wheeled vehicle with a drivetrain that allows all four wheels to receive power from the engine simultaneously The terms are usually ( but not exclusively ) used in Europe to describe what is referred to in North America as a sport utility vehicle or SUV f see below). (2) Convertible Vehicle: A body style with a flexible textile folding roof or rigid retracting roof of highly variable design detail to allow driving in open or enclosed modes. (3) Crossover(or CUV)Vehicle: A loose marketing term to describe a vehicle that blends features of a SUV with features of a car especially forgoing the body on frame construction of the SUV in favor of the cars unibody or monocoque construction. (4) MPV:Multi-purpose vehicle a large car or small bus is designed to be used on and off road and easily convertible to facilitate loading of goods from facilitating carrying people. (5) Pickup Truck: A small，medium，or large-sized truck，though smaller in every case than a Semi tractor truck . The passenger cabin is wholly separated from the cargo bed. (6) Roadster: Originally a two-seat open car with minimal weather protectionwithout top or side glass though possibly with optional hard or soft top and side curtains(i. e.，without rollup glass windows). In modem usage，the term means simply a twoseat sports calf convertible，a variation of spyder. 13 Please write the types of car lights and the roles of the lights. Answer：The lighting system in a typical automobile includes the headlights，parking lights， direction signal lights，side