语法专题突破16讲(六)动词和动词短语.ppt

(2010四川高考)Some people eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what _ nice. Alooks Bsmells Cfeels Dtastes,解析：考查动词的辨析。look为系动词，意为“看起来”。句意：有些人用眼选择东西吃，他们喜欢点看起来好的菜。smell 闻起来；feel 感觉起来；taste 尝起来。,答案：A,1连系动词主要包括两大类 (1)表示状态的连系动词： be/seem/look/appear/feel/taste/sound/smell/stay/remain/keep/stand/lie等。 She always keeps silent whenever I see her. 不管我什么时候看见她，她总是保持沉默。 (2)表示转变或结果的连系动词：become/turn/go/grow/turn out/fall/prove/come 等。 The weather is becoming warmer and warmer as spring is coming.随着春天的到来，天气变得越来越暖和了。 以上所有的系动词都可以跟形容词作表语。,2某些系动词的特点 (1)be/look/become/turn/grow/seem/prove等还可以跟名词作表语。 注意turn后面跟可数名词单数作表语时，要省略不定冠词a(an)。 After graduation，she turned nurse. 毕业后她当了护士。 (2)look/seem/taste/smell/sound等后面可以跟介词like 短语作表 语。 You look like a career woman. 你看起来像职业女性。,(3)be/look/feel/sound/seem等后面可以跟as if 引导的表语从句。 It sounds as if you are from the south of the States. 听起来你好像来自美国南部。 (4)be/seem/appear 等后面可以跟that 引导的表语从句。 The reason for your mistake is that you lack confidence in yourself. 你犯错误的原因是你本身缺乏信心。,(2010天津高考)He telephoned the travel agency to _ three air tickets to London. Aorder Barrange Ctake Dbook,解析：此题考查动词辨析。order命令，要求，订货；arrange安排；take拿走，花费；book预订。句意：他给旅游公司打电话预订三张到伦敦的飞机票。故D项符合句意。,答案：D,考查词形相近或词义相近的动词，即相似词语辨析。要把握意义基本相同情况下的各个词汇之间的差别，包括词义区别和用法区别。目的是看考生是否能够把握住词义。,(1)lie/lay/lain; lie/lied /lied；lay/laid/laid；hanged/hung； adapt/adopt；arise/rise/raise；used to /be used to do/be used to doing；sit/seat；affect/effect；share/spare. (2)happen/occur/ come about/take place；supply/offer/provide； prefer/would rather；settle/solve；discover/invent/create；drop/fall；pay/reward; take/bring/fetch; lend/borrow；look/seem/appear；advise/persuade/suggest；attend/join in/take part in ；beat/defeat；beat/strike/hit/tap；fit/suit/match; divide/separate；contain/include.,(2010山东高考)Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. Abrought up Blooked up Cpicked up Dset up,解析：考查动词短语。句意：山姆在观看他人操作电脑的过程中学了些电脑知识。bring up养育，抚养，提出；look up(生意，某人的情况等)好转，查词典；pick up 偶尔学得，习得，接某人，接收新闻广播等；set up建立。由题意可知C项正确。,答案：C,1动词介词 相当于一个及物动词，这一种最多，常见的有： (1)at：look at，shoot at，shout at，aim at，knock at， laugh at，call at 等。 (2)for：look for，ask for，wait for，answer for，care for， pay for，stand for 等。 (3)after：look after，take after，be after，name after 等。,(4)on：put on，get on，have.on，call on，depend on， operate on，live on，insist on，congratulate.on，try on 等。 (5)to：listen to，get to，happen to ，reply to，belong to， agree to，add to，refer to，stick to，turn to，admit to 等。 (6)with：agree with，talk with，begin with，meet with， fill.with，share.with，deal with 等。 (7)of：think of，rob sb.of.，hear of，die of，dream of， require sb.of .等。,(8)from：learn from，prevent.from，suffer from， hear from 等。 (9)into：get into，look into，change into，dip into 等。 (10)in：spend.in，succeed in，bring in，hand in， turn in 等。 (11)through：get through，look through，go through，see through 等。 (12)about：ask about，bring about，know about，worry about，set.about 等。,2动词副词 break out，break in，find out，go on，give up，go about，go by，go ahead，look around，look through，put on，pick up，pick out，put aside，put down，put away，think over 等。,注意 它们的宾语如果是名词，可放在副词之前也可放在副词之后。其宾语如果是代词，则只能放在副词之前。,3动词副词介词 add up to，break away from，catch up with，go in for，go on with，get along with，look forward to 等。 4动词名词介词 take part in，take the place of，pay atte