《现在完成时》PPT课件.ppt

Revision moduleA,Miss Xie,主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp.）,现在完成时的结构,We have travelled around the world,Grammar,肯定形式 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp.）,否定形式 havent ( have not ） +过去分词/ hasnt ( has not ) +过去分词,疑问句 把助动词 have / has 放在句首,Grammar,现在完成时的结构,We have travelled around the world,We havent（have not） travelled around the world,Have we travelled around the world ？,Yes,I/We have. No, I/We havent(have not).,回答 肯定：Yes,主语+have/has 否定：No,主语+havent(have not)/hasnt(has not),You _ planted all the trees. I _ planted all the trees. My brother _ planted all the trees. He/she _ planted all the trees. They _ planted all the trees.,结论:主语若是第三人称单数助动词用 has,have,have,has,have,区别have 和 has 的用法,Grammar,第三人称：he、she、it 和单数名词,has,1、规则变化（过去分词与过去时变化规则一样）,(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 如：work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 如：live-lived,过去分词,Grammar,2、不规则变化,havehadhad spend spentspent makemademade saysaidsaid findfoundfound hearheardheard,Grammar,过去分词,（2）过去分词与过去式形式不一样,taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone,（1）过去分词与不规则动词的过去式形式一样,（3）过去分词与过去式形式不一样,taketooktaken speak spokespoken singsangsung drivedrovedriven bewas/werebeen gowentgone,Grammar,（4）过去分词，过去式与动词原形一样,cutcutcut put putput letletlet readreadread,过去分词,1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city.,Grammar,现在完成时的用法,2.表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I havent read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的),常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经) 等词连用.,already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.,Grammar,现在完成时的用法,3.表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?,常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.,Grammar,现在完成时的用法,for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子(一般过去时) since last year/one year ago,I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已经不在这里工作了) I have worked here for more than twenty years. （现在我仍在这里工作）,注意点1：并非所有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时,Grammar,现在完成时的用法,注意点2: 瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.,Grammar,现在完成时的用法,动作（短暂性动词）,die,be over,leave,borrow/buy,arrive,begin,end/finish,join,marry,keep/had,be away,be here,be on(上演）,be married,be in,be dead,since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 oclock. since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago. since+ 从句 She has taught English since he came here.,Grammar,since、for用法,1.since（自以来）,2.for（自以来）,for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.,Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. Ive taken driving lessons _last month. My sister has had her cell phone _a month . My friends havent visited me _my birthday. We havent used our car _ a long time . She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years. Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old.,for,since,for,since,for,for,since,since、for用法,Grammar,Grammar,他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 Nick 参军3年了. 他离开深圳好长时间了。 这本书我已借了4个月了.,It is 2 years since his grandpa died.,It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.,It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.,It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .,It is + 时间段 since + 一般过去时的句子.,Grammar,My father has gone to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（已经）去了上海。,My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting. 他（曾经）去了上海。,She has been to China . 她（曾经）去过中国。（人已经回来了）,结论：have been to someplace. 曾经去过某地，已经回来 has gone to someplace.某人去了某地，还没有回来,She has gone to China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（人可能回来了也可能没回来）,辨析 have been to和 have gone to,have been in 呆在某地方多久，常在for/since 中 使用，表持续性 I have been in Shunde since I was born,用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空： 1.Where is your brother? He _ the shop. Hell be back soon. 2. _ you ever _ America? Yes, I _ New York twice. 3. Here you are at last! Where _ you _? I _ London. 4. David _Australia. Im