2016_2017学年高中英语Unit4HelpfulSchoolmatesPeriodThreeGrammar练习.docx

Period Three Grammar & Writing语法精析一、当直接引语是表示命令、请求、劝告、提醒或警告等的祈使句时，变为间接引语须用复合宾语，即“动词sb.todo/nottodo”结构。常用的动词有表示命令的order，tell和command；表示请求的ask和request；表示提醒或警告的remind和warn以及表示劝告的advise等。例如：“Pleasecomeinandseatyourself，”shesaidtome.Sheaskedmetocomeinandseatmyself.Hesaid，“Dontmakesomuchnoise，children！”Hetoldthechildrennottomakesomuchnoise.1根据祈使句的语气，如果是强制性的，如军官、警官对下级，老板对雇员等，把say改为order或demand；如果是同级之间一般性的语气，则改为tell；如遇客气的请求，则改为ask。2把祈使的对象放在order，demand，tell，ask等后面作宾语。3把祈使句的动词原形改为不定式todo或nottodo放在宾语后面，并去掉引号。4人称、时间状语、地点状语等按要求进行相应变化。注意(1)直接引语中的称呼语是祈使的对象，改为间接引语时，常作引述动词的宾语。如直接引语中没有称呼语，改为间接引语时通常要加上宾语如me，him，us等。例如：He said，“Go and tell her，Tom.”He told Tom to go and tell her.(2)直接引语中如果有表示客气的please或表示强调的助动词do，改为间接引语时必须去掉。例如：He said to me，“Sit down，please.”He asked me to sit down.(3)含let的祈使句改为间接引语时，需根据它们表示的意义而定。例如：He said，“Lets go to the cinema.”He suggested going to the cinema.He suggested that we go to the cinema.即时跟踪1(1)单句改错Sheadvisedmenottellthenewstohim.tell前加toTheteachersaidtoustostartwriting.saidtotold/asked/orderedHeaskedyoutoclosethedoorplease.去掉please(2)将下列直接引语变为间接引语“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor？”heasked.HeaskedmeifIwouldmindopeningthedoor.“Dontrunsofast，”shesaidtohim.Shetoldhimnottorunsofast.Myfathertoldme，“Keepquietwhentheteacheristeaching.”Myfathertoldmetokeepquietwhentheteacherwasteaching.“Letsgoforawalk，”saidmyfriend.Myfriendsuggestedwe(should)goforawalk./Myfriendsuggestedgoingforawalk.“Couldyoupleaseshowmehowtousethecomputer？”heasked.Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldshowhimhowtousethecomputer.二、当直接引语为表示建议、提议的祈使句或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句时，多采用“suggestdoing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should动词原形，should也可省略)，offer to do和ask/advise/wantsb.todo”等结构。例如：Johnsaid，“WhynotinviteMarytotheparty？”JohnadvisedmetoinviteMarytotheparty.Hesaid，“Willyouhelpme，please？”Heaskedmetohelphim.即时跟踪2(1)句型转换Headvisedustogooutforawalk.Hesuggestedwegooutforawalk.Jacksuggestedthatweshouldgotothecinemathatnight.Jacksuggestedourgoingtothecinemathatnight.(2)单句改错Hetoldmedontinterrupthim.dontnottoMyfriendsuggestedmetostarttheworkimmediately.suggestedadvisedHecommandedthatallofuswouldthinkofwaystosolvetheproblem.wouldshould或去掉wouldHeaskedmegotovisithimthenextday.me后加toHeaskedhertodosomeshoppingforhimplease.去掉please高考链接.填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式1Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.(2015北京，33)2Theexhibitiontellsuswhyweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution.(2015四川，8)3Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.(2014山东，7)4Wepromisewhoeverattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.(2012福建，35)5Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.(2012北京，24)6Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.(2011四川，10)7Whenchanginglanes，adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknowwhichlaneheisentering(enter)(2010上海，37).单句改错(每小题仅有一处错误)1Doyouwanttoknowwhywemovelastweek？(2013浙江，短文改错)movemoved2HesaidifIdecidetodosomething，ittakeshimmuchtimetostopme. (2013大纲全国，短文改错)saidsays常用句式1Ihadapleasantoutingwithsomeofmyclassmatestoday.2Wewerecompletelyamazedatthewonderandthegreatnessofnature.3Itwastimeforustogobackwhenthesunbegantogodown.4Whatawonderfulweekendwehad!5Weenjoyedourselvesverymuch.典例展示请写一篇日记，日期为2015年5月1日，星期五，天气晴。内容包括以下几点：1今天是国际劳动节，是一个重大的节日；2同朋友外出游览。上午去东湖公园玩耍，中午在树下野餐，饭后泛舟游东湖；3上岸后遇到外国朋友，和他们打招呼，他们报以微笑；用英语同他们攀谈，他们很少说话，后来才知道他们是俄罗斯人，不太会说英语。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。联想词汇1国际劳动节InternationalLabourDay2决定做decidetodo.3在中午atnoon4向某人打招呼sayhellotosb.5与某人交谈talktosb.佳作背诵May1st，Friday,2015SunnyTodayisInternationalLabourDayandwearefreefromschool.Inthemorning，theshinningsunwokemeupandIdecidedtospendmytimetogetherwithmyfriendsintheopenair.SowewenttotheEastLakepark.Andwehadourpicnicunderabigtreeatnoon.AfterlunchwerowedaboatontheEastLake.Wefoundourselvessurroundedbygreenplantsandlovelyfishes，alllivingandmovingslowlyinthecleanwater.Onlandingthebank，wesawsomeforeigners.Wesaidhellotothemwithbeautifulsmilesonourfacesandreceivedsweetsmiles，too.WetalkedtotheminEnglish，buttheydidntsaymuch.Atlast，wegottoknowtheywereRussiansandonlyknewalittleEnglish.Thatsreallyapity.将下列直接引语变为间接引语1“Donttellhimthenews，”shesaid.Shetoldmenottotellhimthenews.2“Dontsmokeintheoffice，”wesaidtohim.Wetoldhimnottosmokeintheoffice.3“Whydontyoutryagainaftersupper？”heasked.Headvisedmetotryagainaftersupper./Hesuggestedmetryingagainaftersupper./HesuggestedthatI(should)tryagainaftersupper.4“Bob，besuretolockthedoorbeforeyougotobed，”mothersaid.MothertoldBobtobesuretolockthedoorbeforehewenttobed.5Hesaid，“Letshavearest.”Hesuggestedhavingarest./Hesuggestedwe(should)havearest.句型转换6“Standwhereyouare！”thepolicesaidtotheyoungman.Thepoliceorderedtheyoungmantostandwherehewas.7“Goandposttheletters，”themanagersaidtohim.Themanagertoldhimtogoandposttheletters.8Momtoldmenottotellalie.Momsaidtome，“Donttellalie.”9Heorderedthatweshouldgeteverythingreadythenextday.Hesaid/ordered，“Geteverythingreadytomorrow.”10“Willyougiveupsmoking？”mywifesaidtome.Mywifeadvisedmetogiveupsmoking.阅读理解ATwomenweresittingtogetherinaplane.Theywereonalongjourney.Oneofthemenwasabusinessman.Theotherwasafarmer.Theysatwithouttalkingforawhile，thenthefarmersaid，“Letsdosomethingtopassthetime.”“Whatdoyouwanttodo？”thebusinessmanasked.“Wecanaskeachotherriddles，”thefarmersaid，“Youstart.”“Letsmaketherulesfirst，”thebusinessmansaid.“Thatsnotfair.Youareabusinessmanwithmuchknowledge.YouknowmorethingsthanIdo.Iamjustafarmer.”“Thatstrue，”thebusinessmansaid，“Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddo？”“Ifyoudontknowtheanswertoariddle，youpayme100.AndifIdontknowtheanswer，Illpayyou50，”thefarmersaid.Thebusinessmanthoughtaboutthis，thenhesaid，“OK.Thatsfair.Whowillgofirst？”“Iwill，”thefarmersaid，“Hereismyriddle.Whathasthreelegswhenitwalks，butonlytwolegswhenitflies？”Thebusinessmanrepeatedtheriddle，“Whathasthreelegswhenitwalks，butonlytwolegswhenitflies？Mm，thatsagoodone.ImafraidIdontknowtheanswer.”Hegavethefarmer100，thensaid，“Tellmetheanswer.Whathasthreelegswhenitwalks，butonlytwolegswhenitflies？”“Idontknow，”thefarmersaidandgavehim50.11Thestoryhappened.AonafarmBinashopCbeforealongplanejourneyDbetweentwopassengers答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段开头提到“Two men were sitting together in a plane.They were on a long journey.One of the men was a businessman.The other was a farmer.”可知，两个人坐在飞机上，进行一次长时间的旅行，一个是商人，一个是农民，故选D项。12Whatdoestheword“riddle”meaninthisstory?AAdifficultquestiontofindtheanswer.BSomethingtohelptomakerules.CSomethingtowinmoney.DAkindofgameindoingbusiness.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第二段提到“What do you want to do？ the businessman asked.We can ask each other riddles， the farmer said，You start.”商人问农民想做什么，农民说，我们可以问彼此一个问题，你开始吧，故选A项。13Whydidthebusinessmanagreetogivemoremoneyifhelost?AHemademuchmoremoneythanthefarmer.BHethoughtheknewmorethanthefarmer.CHewasinterestedinmakingriddles.DHewasbetteratplayingriddlegames.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段提到“Thats not fair.You are a businessman with much knowledge.You know more things than I do.I am just a farmer.(这不公正，你是个知识丰富的商人，你知道的事情比我多，我只是个农民)”，故选B项。14Thefarmer.AenjoyedhimselfonhislongjourneyBdidntwanttopayevenonedollarCspentallhismoneyontheplaneticketDwonfiftydollarsbyplayingtheriddlegame答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段提到“He gave the farmer 100，then said，Tell me the answer.What has three legs when it walks，but only two legs when it flies？I dont know， the farmer said and gave him 50.”可知商人给了农民100美元后，农民不知道答案，于是又给了商人50美元，故可知选D项。BWhyarecertainpeoplesomemorable，whilesomefadefromourmemoriesovertime：lThisquestioncrossesmymindoften；therearemanypossibleanswers.Whenyouareraisingchildren，yourealizethatsomepeoplebecomeveryimportanttothem，drawthemin，acceptandrespectthem.Itchangesthem.Severalexamplescometomindwithmyyoungestson.Hewasalwaysmorecomfortablearoundhisdadsfriendsthanhisown.Helovedtospendtimewiththem，fishwiththem，listentotheirstoriesandjustbewiththem.Hehasexperiencedthelossofseveralreallymeaningfulfriendshipsoverthepastfewyears，andithasbeenverypainfulforhim.One，Dr.George，wasaneighborandfishingbuddywhowouldcalltoseeifKencouldgofishingwithhim.Dr.GeorgealwayssaidKenwasthesonheneverhadandthatitmeanteverythingtohim.Hediedverysuddenlywhilefishingwithallofhisbestbuddiesafewyearsago.ThehugeholethatleftinsomanylivessimplycannotbefilledforKenitwasimmenselypainful.Therewasanotherfishingbuddyofhisdads，Frank，whowasalwaysfuntobearound.Kenwasveryyoungthen，buthereallyenjoyedgettingalongwith“theguy”whentheywerefishing.FrankandhisfamilywenttotheKeysinthesameweekaswedidoneyearandthememoryremainstothisday.Cheerfulandhappy，hewasabletolaughathimselfandaccepteveryonesabilitiesorlackofthem，allqualitiesthatimpressedKensomuch.Whenhebecamedeadlyill，KendrovefromhishomeinNorthCarolinatoFloridaforanovernightvisitwithhim.Hediedashorttimelater.Thedayafterhisfuneral(葬礼)，FrankcametoKeninadreamandaskedifhewouldtakecareofhiswife，Carol.ToKenthiswasverymeaningful，andtodaytheyshareaspecialbondthatFranksomehowknewwouldbeimportantforthemboth.15Accordingtotheauthor，somepeopleareunforgettabletousbecauseof.AtheirgreatachievementsBtheirconsiderationandkindnessCgoodrelationshipsbetweenusDsuccessfulcooperationbetweenus答案C解析考查推理判断。根据第一段的内容可推知，我们难以忘却那些与我们保持良好关系的人。16Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“buddy”inthepassage?AFriend.BNeighbor.CInstructor.DGuide.答案A解析考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句以及文章内容可推知，画线词是“朋友，伙伴”的意思。17Whatsthemainideaofthispassage？AItsinterestingtogofishingwithyourfathersfriends.BThefriendshipbetweenKenandhisfathersfriends.CMakingfriendswithadultsiseasierthanwithyourpeers.DThegoodrelationshipamongKensfamilies.答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Ken与他父亲的朋友们之间的故事，展现出了他们之间的深厚友谊。故答案选B。.语法填空Lastweek，ourclasswas18.ondutyinthecafeteriaforstudentselfmanagement.Onthefirstday，I19.wasshocked(shock) toseesomuchleftoverfoodthrownawaybystudents.Whatawaste！Beingconcernedaboutit，myclassmatesandIhada20.heated(heat) discussiononhow21.tosolve(solve) theproblem.Lotsofgoodideascameup，suchasholdingclassmeetings，puttingupwallnewspapersandchargingafineforwastingfood.Finally，weallagreedthatwallnewspaperwouldbe22.thebest(good) choice.Thenextday，weputourideaintoreality.Towardslunchtime，weputupawallnewspaperoutsidetheschoolcafeteria,23.calling(call) onstudentsnottowastefood.Manystudentsgatheredaroundtoreadand24.expressed(express) theirsupport.Tomygreatdelight，therewerechangessoon.Inthecafeteria，Ifoundthetrays(托盘) returnedafterlunchallempty25.withoutanyleftover.Food26.wassaved(save) andthedininghallwascleaner.Seeingthis，Ifeltrelievedandproudof27.whatwehaddone.短文改错Lastwintervacation，someofmyclassmatesdecidetotravelwiththeirfriends，whileIchosetotakeparttimejob.Iwantedtogainexperiencesandearnsomemoney.Ilearnedfrommyteacherthatanearbycompanywaslookingafterstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressonenvelope.Thepaywere10centperenvelope.Iheadedforthecompany，feelingsureIwouldeasyfi