2018_2019学年高中英语Unit16Stories单元质量检测（一）（含解析）北师大版.docx

单元质量检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHow did the ancient Chinesekeep food warm in winter?Facilities like electric rice cookers and electric kettles make it easy for people to keep food warm. In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation.“Wen Ding”， ancient rice cookerThe “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age. The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from the Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures.“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot potThe “Ran Lu” is a smallsized cooking vessel (器皿) made of bronze. A charcoal (木炭) stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessels structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC)Bronze You, ancient kettleThe Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with a beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi Province, has an opening where charcoal could be placed.Bronze Yan, ancient steamerAlthough the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25AD 220), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modernday steamer.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了古代中国人在冬天如何给食物保温。1When did the “Ran Lu” become popular?AIn the Zhou Dynasty.BIn the Warring States Period.CIn the Eastern Han Dynasty.DIn the Neolithic Age.解析：选B细节理解题。根据“Ran Lu”， ancient small hot pot部分中的“these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period (475221 BC)”可知，“Ran Lu”在战国时期变得受欢迎，故答案为B。2What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?AIt is warm.BIt is convenient.CIt is environmentfriendly. DIt is useful.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文中Bronze Yan, ancient steamer部分中的 “Although the Wen Ding . its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a twotier structure and used to steam rice and other grains”可推知，the Bronze Yan的优势在于环保，故答案为C。3Among the following products, which one may have the longest history?AThe “Wen Ding”. BThe “Ran Lu”CThe Bronze You. DThe Bronze Yan.解析：选A细节理解题。根据文中“Wen Ding”，ancient rice cooker部分中的“The Wen Ding unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Neolithic Age”可知，“Wen Ding”历史最悠久，故答案为A。BOur room was on the second floor but you could still hear the roar of the ocean and see the stars at night. I used to take long walks along the water. The food in town was wonderful and the people were very friendly. The area was very quiet and peaceful, and fairly deserted.The last evening of our vacation, however, we all heard strange footsteps following closely behind us as we were walking up to our room in the holiday centre. We turned around and noticed a fairly young man moving very rapidly across the beach and getting closer to us. He was tall and wore a baseball cap. We couldnt see his face and he was approaching us very rapidly. The mans actions made my dad very nervous. Dad warned us that wed better try to make it to our hotel room as quickly as possible. I didnt like my dads voice. I could hear fear in it. It was late and we were all alone. We didnt have any cell phones on us. I never saw Dad as worried as he was then and I knew that something was terribly wrong. The sense of fear started to overwhelm Mom and me. We had had such a good time in town. Now, the night was rapidly turning into a dangerous situation.We could hear the mans footsteps getting closer. Dads face was almost pale. The socalled intruder (侵入者) had moved nearer and nearer when all of a sudden, the nearby vending (自动售卖) machine started going crazy and spitting out cans of soda! The noise actually scared the intruder and he ran out of sight. My parents were shaking, but we all turned around to see who had put money into the vending machine downstairs, and actually saved us, but no one was around at all. Not a soul.Its one vacation I will never forget.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，描写了作者一家人在海边度假时的一次离奇而可怕的经历。4Where did the author spend the vacation?ANear a lake. BAt the seaside.CIn a village. DIn a mountain.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，作者旅行的地方应该是在海边，因此才能听到海风呼啸。故选B。5What happened on the last evening of their vacation?AThey were followed by a stranger.BTheir cell phones were missing.CTheir money was stolen.DThey lost their way.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在假期的最后一晚有陌生人跟踪他们。故选A。6The underlined word “overwhelm” in Paragraph 2 means“_”Acontrol BmoveCexcite Dimpress解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上文并结合语境可知，作者一家人都很害怕，所以此处应指这种恐惧的气氛笼罩着他们。overwhelm意为“压倒；覆盖”。control意思与之最接近。故选A。7What helped them get out of the trouble?ATheir quick action.BOther peoples kind help.CThe young mans warning.DThe noise from the vending machine.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知，是自动售卖机发出的响声吓走了侵入者。故选D。CUrban air pollution is a huge public health issue it kills more than 3 million people every year, according to the latest World Health Organization estimation.As cities from Beijing to Paris to Sydney focus on reducing car traffic as a way to improve air quality, the city of Amsterdam is really ahead of the pack. In about 10 years, gaspowered cars in the city will be banned. Their bus fleet will be powered by solar and wind by 2025.While changes in major transportation and infrastructure (基础设施) take time, researchers at the Wageningen University in the Netherlands are testing a more immediate solution: a new type of honeysuckle (金银花) called Green Junkie.This new honeysuckle is bred to consume more carbon dioxide in other words, it eats smog.“The parts of a plant that pick up air pollution out of the air are the hairs， so what theyve changed for this honeysuckle is that theyve made it very, very hairy，” Emily Parry from AMS Institute, told Fastcoexist. The leaves of the plant are bigger and hairier than typical honeysuckle, and they grow more quickly, too. And its fed with a special organic fertilizer made from plant waste collected from the city.It makes sense that plants would be hybridized (杂交) for pollution cleanup of a special kind. Many plants absorb so much pollution so that NASA has long promoted a list of those that can keep indoor air cleaner and many homeowners choose plants that are particularly good at doing so. Some grasses and ivies are already used in traffic medians and roadsides specially because they can reduce particulate pollution (颗粒污染) by up to 60 percent.语篇解读：研究表明，一种新型的金银花因其叶子上的毛能吸收二氧化碳而成为减轻空气污染的新宠儿。8By mentioning the solutions of some cities in the second paragraph, the author wants to express _.Areducing car traffic is an effective way to improve air qualityBcars will be powered by solar and wind by 2025Ctheir solutions dont have a quick effect on air pollutionDgaspowered cars give off a lot of carbon dioxide解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段可知，北京、巴黎、悉尼及阿姆斯特丹为减轻空气污染采取了一系列措施，但收效甚微。由此可推测，旧的减轻空气污染的措施耗时太久，不能快速改善空气质量。故选C项。9Which part of the new honeysuckle can take in smog?AHairs. BFlowers.CRoots. DWaste.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，新型的金银花上的毛能吸收污染的空气。故选A项。10Compared with typical honeysuckle, the new honeysuckle _.Acan grow more slowlyBneed animal waste to growCcan grow larger and hairier leavesDcan reduce more smog by up to 60 percent解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，这种新型的金银花的叶子长得更大、有更多毛。故选C项。11What is the best title for the text?AA Huge Public Health IssueBIs Smog More and More Terrible?CCars Powered by Solar and WindDCan a Flower Help Cities Reduce Air Pollution?解析：选D标题归纳题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型的金银花因其叶子上的毛能吸收二氧化碳而成为减轻空气污染的新宠儿，故选D项。DHistory movies have a huge audience in the US. A lot of these viewers are kids, watching the movies in theaters, at home and even at school.Factbased or fictional, realistic or fantastic, history movies shape the way people think about the past. In a study of how families discussed historical understanding of the Vietnam War era, kids and parents both brought back memories of movies. Forrest Gump, in particular, was referred to by both generations.Another study suggested that history films are likely used quite often in the classroom. People often speak of the busy or lazy teacher who puts on a movie instead of doing “real” teaching. However, research indicates that teachers actually tend to have good motives (动机) when it comes to showing movies in class. They believe that students are more motivated when a film is used. But are movies like these good for learning about history?Most young people are clever enough to know that movies are fictionalized, but that doesnt mean they know how to keep history and Hollywood separate. In a study of two US. history classes, high school students interviewed claimed that Hollywood films are less trustworthy sources of information. Yet in classroom activities, they treated them like any other reliable source. “The teacher must see some good history in it，” explained one student. “I dont think hes going to show something random，” said another.The complicated relationship between fact and fiction is one of the many challenges educators face when theyre using history movies in their classrooms. Its not as simple as pressing “play”. History movies have potential as learning tools, but that potential isnt easy to realize.History movies by themselves dont teach. To help students really learn about history via Hollywood films, teachers need knowledge about the topics of the films. They also need to have good learning goals and awareness of the diverse cultural viewpoints that students bring to the classroom. And they need the time and resources for meaningful discussion or assignments after viewing.语篇解读：本文是议论文。历史类电影常被老师当作教学资源，但是学生能否通过观看这类电影学习历史呢？12What does the author try to show by mentioning the study in Paragraph 2?AHistory movies affect peoples views on the past.BThe favorite topic family members is history.CForrest Gump is popular among people of all ages.DHistory movies are a bond between parents and kids.解析：选A推理判断题。由第二段可知，无论是基于事实的还是虚构的，无论是写实类的还是奇幻类的，历史电影都影响着人们对过去历史的看法，在紧接的例子里，当家庭成员讨论越南战争这个时期时，家长和孩子都提到了相关的电影，尤其是Forrest Gump；由此可见，这一研究说明历史电影影响人们对过去的看法。13What did the students interviewed think of the history movies shown in class?AThey are historically accurate.BThey are educationally valuable.CThey are complicated in the plot.DThey are completely pure fictions.解析：选B推理判断题。由第四段的“The teacher must see some good history in it”和“I dont think hes going to show something random”可知，这两名学生信赖老师在课堂上播放的电影，认为老师是因为看到了其中好的历史元素才播放的；由此推知，他们认为课堂上播放的历史电影在教育上是有价值的。14Which of the following may help history movies be good learning tools?AClose relations between fact and fiction.BDiverse topics and cultural backgrounds.CProper choices of films and lesson goals.DResponsible film producers like Hollywood.解析：选C细节理解题。最后一段主要总结了老师如何才能把历史电影变为学习工具，由本段的“teachers need knowledge about the topics of the films”和“They also need to have good learning goals”可知，老师需要知道电影讲述的主题，需要有明确的学习目标，即适当的电影选择和课程目标会帮助历史电影成为好的学习工具。15What would be the best title for the text?AMovies get students interested in historyBHistory movies are loved by HollywoodCWhy do teachers show movies in class?DAre movies a good way to learn history?解析：选D标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文是围绕历史电影是否是学习历史的好方法展开的。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tips to Manage StressYou cant rid stress from your life completely, but you can reduce it. Know that it takes some efforts because you may have to make changes in your attitude and lifestyle. Reducing stress requires that you know how you react to stress. If you know, you can change your behavior. _16_. See the glass as half full instead of half empty. Also, develop a strategy for handling stressful situations. This way, you wont be caught off guard (措手不及). Here are the helpful tips：_17_When your body is healthy, it can stand up to stress. Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods.A lowfat diet helps slow the progress of some stressrelated diseases. Avoid caffeine (咖啡因), nicotine (尼古丁) and alcohol.Laugh_18_. When you laugh or just smile, the blood which flows to the brain is increased. It is due to the release of endorphins (内啡肽) which results in a drop in the level of stress hormones (荷尔蒙)Be socialWhen you feel stress, your instincts tell you to isolate yourself. When you withdraw, you allow yourself to concentrate more on the problem, which makes your stress level greater. _19_. Be around with young children, who can help make you forget yourself and your worries.Know your stress and personalityDo you know how to react to stress? Do you yell and kick the furniture? Or do you retreat into stony silence? _20_. Make note of any stressor, the time, the place, how you feel, and what you do as a result. By knowing your own personality, you can learn to respond to stress before you reach the crisis mode.ACall friendsBSupport your coworkersCAdd good nutrition and exerciseDKeep a stress diary for two weeksEParticipate as actively as possibleFTry to be more optimistic and confidentGIt may be one of the healthiest ways to reduce stress语篇解读：本文主要介绍了几种应对压力的方法和策略。16解析：选F由下文的“See the glass as half full instead of half empty”可推知，改变态度很重要，要努力变得更加乐观和自信，所以选F项。17解析：选C空处为本段的标题，根据本段中的“Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods”可知，本段主要讲的是增加营养和多锻炼身体可以应对压力，故选C项。18解析：选G根据常识并结合本段的整体内容可推知，笑也许是减少压力的最健康的方法之一，所以选G项。选项G中的It代指“Laugh”。19解析：选A结合本段的标题“Be social”可推知，本段主要讲的是多参加社交活动，不要自我封闭，所以选A项。20解析：选D由下文的“Make note of any stressor, the time, the place, how you feel, and what you do as a result”可知，把与压力有关的东西都记下来，分析并采取相应的策略，这与D项契合，所以选D项。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A person may have a number of abilities and talents, but he could fail. _21_ the person is aware of his abilities and has the determination to _22_ them, he is going to be a failure. Great people _23_ their abilities, made the best use of at least one of their talents and finally succeeded.Great men dont wait for the right opportunity to turn up on their doorstep; _24_， they create the opportunity in order to _25_ on their way to achievements. These are the people who make things _26_.Michael Dell said, “Dont spend so much time trying to choose the perfect opportunity, or you may _27_ the right opportunity.” There is no better time than right now to _28_ doing what you have been thinking about doing. The _29_ is to listen to your heart and let it carry you in the direction of your _30_. Just open your mind to different possibilities, different ways of _31_ a challenge, and it can provide you with many fresh _32_.Another key point is to act upon the seized opportunity. Many of us get the right opportunity but _33_ to make use of it. This is because our _34_ are tied up with things that will give _35_ happiness. The basic tendency of human minds is to look for quick results _36_ rather than longterm satisfaction at a later stage. We should _37_ focus our efforts on vital and precious activities that will take us forward in our path of _38_.With the ability to recognize the right opportunity, determination to _39_ work on it and sincerity to make the best use of it, making _40_ things happen is an absolute possibility.语篇解读：本文是议论文。有才能的人也需要创造机遇，并充分利用它，这样才能取得成功。21A.UnlessBBecauseCWhen DIf解析：选A根据本空后的aware和failure可知，除非他能意识到自己的能力，并决心利用它，否则他仍将失败。22A.achieve BuseCvalue Dconsider解析：选B参见上题解析。23A.developed BadmiredCknew Dacquired解析：选C根据上句中的“aware of”可知，伟人都很清楚自己的能力并善于充分利用至少其中之一。24A.besides BthereforeCotherwise Dinstead解析：选D根据上一句可知，他们不会等着机会上门，而是会主动创造机遇。25A.fight back Bsettle downCmove ahead Dcheer up解析：选C根据本空后的way可知，他们主动创造机遇，以便能在成功的道路上继续前进。26A.happen BmatterCimprove Dstop解析：选A根据上句中的create可知，他们是主动让事情发生的一类人。27A.expect BmissCdislike Drefuse解析：选B根据本空前“spend so much time”可知，不能耗费时光去等待机遇，那样你就会错失机遇。28A.start BadmitCenjoy Dpractise解析：选A现在就是开始做你长久以来一直想做的事的最佳时机。29A.challenge BkeyCintention Dgoal解析：选B根据下一段第一句中的“Another key point”可知，此处是说关键之一是要听从你的内心，并且让它带你前行。30A.adventures BmemoriesCdreams Dstudies解析：选C根据上句中的“what you have been thinking about doing”可知，它能带你去追逐梦想。31A.creating BdiscoveringCaccepting Dexamining解析：选D根据本空前的“Just open your mind to different possibilities”可知，要从不同方面审视挑战。32A.wishes BtastesCideas Dexcuses解析：选C根据“open your mind”及两个different可知，这样它就能给你提供许多新想法。33A.pretend BtryCforget Dfail解析：选D根据本空前的“Many of us get the right opportunity”和but可知，很多人没有利用这个机会。34A.minds BcharactersCnatures Dlives解析：选A根据下一句中的“The basic tendency of human minds”可知，那是因为我们的思想被追求立竿见影的幸福的欲望所束缚。35A.lasting BtrueCfuture Dquick解析：选D根据下一句中的“look for quick results”可知，我们的思想被追求立竿见影的幸福的欲望所束缚。36A.at present Bby chanceCin person Din common解析：选A根据该空后的“rather than longterm satisfaction at a later stage”可知，思维的定势就是要追求现在立竿见影的效果。37A.immediately BconstantlyCeventually Dnormally解析：选B根据本空后的“take us forward”可知，我们应该持续不断地把注意力放在那些重要的活动上。38A.exploration BrevolutionCfreedom Dsuccess解析：选D根据第二段中的“on their way to achievements”可知，坚持努力，就能成功。39A.quietly BfreelyChonestly Dopenly解析：选C根据本空前后的“ability to recognize the right opportunity”和“