2018_2019学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiologySectionⅣLesson2Lesson3LanguagePoints学案.docx

Section Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Language Points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇 1.postpone vt.推迟，延期2.cater vi. 满足；迎合3.symptom n. 症状4.routine n. 常规，惯例5.urban adj. 城市的.拓展词汇1.privileged adj.荣幸的privilege n荣幸；特权2.entry n进入；入学enter v进入entrance n入口3.treat vt.款待treatment n款待；对待；处理4.storage n储存store v储存；储藏5.rebuild vt.重建build v建设；建筑building n建筑物6.prohibit vt.禁止prohibition n禁止7.unite vt.联合；团结；统一unity n联合；团结；统一8.adaptation n变化；变种adapt v使适应；改编，改写9.foresee vt.预见foreseeable adj.可预知的，能预测的，能看透的10.mourn vi.& vt.感到悲痛；表示哀悼mournful adj.悲痛的；悲伤的；伤心的11.thorough adj.彻底的；细致的thoroughly adv.彻底地12.systematic adj.系统化的system n系统；体系13.faith n信心faithful adj.有信心的1.routine n常规，惯例词块break the routine打破常规build a routine建立常规follow the (old) routine墨守成规perform the routine履行常规daily/ordinary routine日常工作，每日的例行公事2.adaptation n变化；变种adapt v使适应；改编，改写比较adapt适应adopt 收养3.prohibit vt.禁止“禁止与允许”家族同义ban, forbid, prohibit反义allow, permit4.foresee vt.预见联想含fore前缀的单词面面观forehead n额头forecast vt.预报foresee vt.预见 foreword n前言forearm n前臂5.rebuild vt.重建联想re前缀高频词recover恢复健康，康复 retell复述recall回忆起；叫回 refresh使恢复活力review回顾；复习 recycle再利用，回收利用refill再注满 reinvent改革；改良二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.make up构成，组成2.consist of 由组成3.be related to . 与有关4.go through 经历；仔细检查5.get down to 着手做6.after all 毕竟；终究7.get through 通过；拨通(电话)8.come up 出现；被提出；走近9.bring up 提出；抚养；呕吐10.build up 加强；增强；增强体质11.wipe out 彻底毁灭12.provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物13.in time 最终；终于14.leave out 漏掉；忘掉1.straight away立刻，马上2.all the time 一直，始终3.look through 浏览，快速地看4.cause and effect 因果5.on record 记录在案6.sweep through 席卷，横扫7.in similar conditions 在类似的状况下8.a tendency to do sth. 做某事的倾向9.without pause 不停地10.put behind 把某事抛诸脑后，忘掉11.stop sth.in its tracks 终止；消灭12.make mistakes 犯错误13.living matter 生活物质14.morning person 喜欢早起的人三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fit .在18个月的时间里夺去了多达5 000万人的生命，该病似乎专门袭击年轻力壮的人现在分词的完成式作状语。Having_been_asked_to_work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场好电影。2.With recent press reports drawing parallels between Bird Flu and a killer epidemic in the past, Jim Smith looks through .随着近期的媒体报道将禽流感与过去的致命传染病相提并论，吉姆史密斯查阅with复合结构作伴随状语。With_the_College_Entrance_Examination_drawing_near/approaching,_the students feel great pressure.随着高考临近，学生们感受到巨大的压力。3.It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.它爆发于一战即将结束之时，使世界各地的许多家庭饱受丧亲之痛。“leave宾语宾补”结构。Dont_leave_the_water_running if you dont use it. 如果不用水，别让它流淌着。1(教材P36)cater (1)vi.满足；迎合cater for满足需要cater to 迎合Vegetarians are well catered for in this hotel.素食者的需要在这家饭店得到了很好的满足。They only publish novels which cater_to the mass market.他们只出版迎合大众市场的小说。(2)vi.& vt. (为社交活动)提供饮食，承办酒席Most of our work now involves catering_(for) weddings.我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。2(教材P36)treat (1)n.& vt.招待，款待，请客be ones treat由某人请客treat sb./oneself to sth. 用某物招待某人/自己Ill treat you to an icecream in return for your help.作为对你帮助的回报，我要请你吃冰淇淋。This is my_treat today, so Ill pay for everything.今天我请客，一切账由我来付。(2)vt.对待；看待treat sb./sth. (with/as/like .)以的态度/方式对待treat sb. well/badly 待某人好/不好treat . as/like把当作一样对待They treated the orphan from Wenchuan as/like one of the family.他们把那个来自汶川的孤儿当作家里的一员看待。(3)vt.治疗，医治be treated for .因而接受治疗treat sb.(for sth.)(with sth.) (用)医治某人(的病)I got the news that she was_treated_for sunstroke.我得知消息她因中暑而接受治疗。The doctor treated Mike for his headache with a new drug but didnt cure him of it.医生用一种新药给迈克治疗头痛，但没把他治好。3(教材P37)postpone vt.推迟；延期postpone . until/to .把推迟到时候postpone doing sth. 推迟做某事It has been decided the meeting should be postponed until/to next Saturday.已经决定，会议延期到下星期六举行。It was an unpopular decision to postpone building (build) the new hospital.延迟建新医院的决定是不得人心的。巧学助记名师点津除了postpone以外，表示“推迟，延期”的单词或短语还有：delay, put off；它们后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词而不用不定式。4(教材P37)I decided not to put off studying (as I normally do！) and got up early every morning to get down to work straight away.我决定不推迟学习(就像我往常所做的！)，每天早上早起立即着手工作。straight away/off 立刻，马上，毫不犹豫My teacher asked me to go to his office after class straight away/off.老师让我下课后立刻去他办公室。I wrote him an email and clicked to send it straight away_/off.我给他写了封电子邮件，并马上点击发送了出去。名师点津表示“立刻，马上”的词语还有：at once, immediately, directly, right now, right away, in no time5(教材P37)If I didnt understand something, Id write it down and then bring it up in class with my teacher.如果有不明白的地方，我会记下来，然后在课上向我的老师提出来。bring up (1)提出He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, which brought down the cost of production.他在会上提出了一个切实可行的计划，从而降低了生产成本。(2)养育；抚养His parents died when he was born and he was_brought_up by his uncle.他出生时父母便去世了，他是被他的叔叔抚养大的。(3)呕吐He was drunk and_brought_up what he had eaten at midnight.他喝醉了，半夜里把吃的东西都吐了出来。巧学助记名师点津bring构成的其他短语：bring in请做；让参与；引入；提出(新法案)；赚得；挣bring down减少；打落；打垮；击败bring back把送回；恢复；使想起bring about引起；导致( lead to/result in)6(教材P37). she went through all of the things that would probably come up in the exam.她会详细研究可能会在考试中出现的所有内容。go through检查；经历；通过；穿过；用完 写出下列句中go through的含义Our plan on how to spend our summer holidays didnt go through.通过Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.经历As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.完成The rope is too thick to go through the hole.穿过The police went through the three suitcases but didnt find anything valuable.检查Have you gone through all your money？用完go against违背；违反go out 出去；熄灭go over 复习；仔细检查go up 上涨；上升；攀登(2014四川高考书面表达)Our teacher chose many important exercises for us, and I went_over the language points at the same time.我们的老师为我们选了很多重要的习题，同时我复习语言点。联想发散through构成的其他常见短语：break through冲破；突破get through接通电话；顺利通过(考试等)；完成look through快速查看；浏览pull through帮康复；协助完成(十分困难的事)7(教材P38)Since the SARS epidemic ended, scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.从非典疫情结束后，科学家们一直在做治疗实验以防止将来的再次爆发。prohibit vt.禁止；阻止prohibit (sb.s) doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止/阻止某人做某事It was the bad weather that prohibited their going to the science museum.是糟糕的天气阻止了他们去参观科学博物馆。Some people think that its necessary to prohibit peoples using mobile phones in some places.Some people think that its necessary to prohibit people from using mobile phones in some places.Some people think that its necessary to prevent/stop/keep people from using mobile phones in some places.一些人认为有必要禁止人们在一些场所使用手机。联想发散“禁止/阻止某人做某事”表达法荟萃：8(教材P39)With all the international effort being made, we have to have faith that there will be solutions in time to stop a Bird Flu epidemic in its tracks.随着国际间的共同努力，我们应该相信人们会及时找到解决方法来彻底消灭禽流感。faith n信心；信仰；信任；诺言(1)have faith in相信lose faith in 不再信任(2)faithful adj. 忠诚的；可信任的be faithful to 忠实于；忠诚于He is always telling lies, so nearly all the people lose faith in him.他总是撒谎，因此几乎所有的人都不信任他了。There are a lot of difficulties in front of us, yet we still_have_faith_in victory.我们面前有很多困难，然而我们对胜利仍充满信心。His translation manages to be faithful (faith) to the spirit of the original.他的译文做到了忠于原文的精神。It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide.它爆发于一战即将结束之时，使世界各地的许多家庭饱受丧亲之痛。本句中含有“leave宾语宾补”结构，宾补由现在分词充当，leave意为“使处于某种状态”。 “leave宾语宾补”结构的常见形式有：(1)“leave宾语形容词/名词”，形容词或名词表示宾语所处的状态。Her parting words left him empty and alone.她分手时说的话让他感觉空虚孤独。His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan.他的父母去年双双去世，使他成了孤儿。(2)“leave宾语现在分词”，现在分词表示该动作与宾语之间是主动关系，并有正在进行的含义。It is wrong of you to leave the machine running (run)你使这台机器一直在运转是不对的。(3)“leave宾语过去分词”，过去分词表示该动作与宾语之间是被动关系。The guests left most of the dishes untouched (untouch), because they did not taste delicious. 客人没有动大部分菜，因为这些菜不可口。(4)“leave宾语(带to)不定式”，不定式表示该动作与宾语之间是表示将来的主动关系。We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to_be_settled (settle). 我们赶紧结束了我们的会议，留下许多问题有待解决。.单句语法填空1I shall postpone making (make) a decision till I learn full details.2Although the authorities prohibit people from climbing up that section of the Great Wall, some people still visit that area.3All courses in this college are designed to cater to the market needs.4Dont expect him to approve of your design straight away/off.5As a matter of fact, he objects to being treated like/as a child.6While I am away, Ill leave my neighbour to_look (look) after my cat.完成句子1I cleaned the flat, which_left_me_feeling_proud.我打扫了整个公寓，这让我觉得自己很了不起。2I feel you should_never_lose_faith_in_yourself.我觉得你永远不应对自己失去信心。3There is no point in bringing_up_his_past when we are considering him for employment.我们考虑雇用他时，没必要提起他的过去。4We have_gone_through_all_these_envelopes I bought last week.我们已经用完了我上周买的所有的信封。5Our school has decided to postpone_holding_the_sports_meeting because of the heavy rain.我们学校已经决定推迟举行运动会，因为雨太大。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1The young engineer feels very privileged (荣幸的) because he gets a month off work on full pay.2Its said that our exam has been postponed (延期) until next Monday.3Words and actions should help to unite (团结) and not divide the people of our various nationalities.4The secretary felt she had been unfairly treated (对待，看待) and complained to her boss.5His small size prohibited (禁止) his becoming a policeman, which made him sad.6If the danger had been foreseen (预见), probably it could have been avoided.7At the news of his death, the whole nation mourned (哀悼) for him, who was a great national hero.8Varieties of programs in the TV station cater (迎合) to many different types of interests and tastes among the public.9The public never had faith (信心) in his ability to handle the job.10Simon has long been working in the field and is familiar with the details of office routine (常规).单句语法填空1Having_been_told_ (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistake.2When will you leave for London?We have decided to postpone starting (start) the voyage, owing to the change of the weather.3Food handlers are prohibited from smoking (smoke)in the workplace.4My roommates always leave the light burning (burn) all night long.5With a lot of things to_deal (deal) with, I cant go to the cinema tonight.6Severe facts have told us humans must stop the destruction of the environment in its tracks.7Only the privileged (privilege) few could afford to send their children to private schools.8She insisted that she had remained faithful_(faith) to her husband.9The doctor treated her headache with the best medicine, but did not cure her of the disease.10The book described the adaptation (adapt) of plants to different conditions.完成句子1I have_faith_in_you (对你有信心) I know youll do well.2He is always looking for excuses to postpone_doing_something (拖延做某事)3Having_discussed_the_plan_several_times (多次讨论了这个计划之后), we decided to carry it out.4She went on playing the computer game, leaving_the_water_running/with_the_water_running (让水流着)5The high cost of equipment prohibits_many_people_from_taking_up (阻止许多人从事) this sport.课文语法填空Epidemics throughout historyWith recent press reports drawing parallels between Bird Flu and a killer epidemic in the past, Jim Smith looks 1.through the history of epidemics for clues about 2.what the future might hold.Since Bird Flu first appeared in 1997, it 3.has_taken (take) more than a hundred lives.Many people fear it could be the next global epidemic.One of the 4.earliest (early) epidemics on record happened about 500550 AD 5.when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire. In the 1330s, in urban areas all over Europe, Asia, Africa and the Middle East, up to one half of the population was lost to the Black Death.Another epidemic that spread in similar conditions was the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918, also called the Spanish Flu.It struck near the end of the First World War and left families 6.mourning (mourn) worldwide.The SARS epidemic began in 2002 with a lung disease in Guangdong Province and spread 7.quickly (quick) after Dr Liu Jianjun, the 8.carrier (carry), came to Hong Kong and passed the virus to people who carried it to Canada, Vietnam and Singapore.No one really knew much about SARS as it was completely new. With all the international effort 9.being_made (make), we have to have faith that there will be solutions in time to stop a Bird Flu epidemic in 10.its (it) tracks.串点成篇微表达李明不知道他是否应该推迟(postpone)出发，因为他得了严重的感冒。因此，他立刻(straight away)去寻求(seek)医生的建议。医生告诉他要首先清除掉(wipe out)急性传染病(the acute epidemic)。医生认真给他治疗(treat)，最后他被治愈了。Li_Ming_didnt_know_whether_he_should_postpone_his_departure_on_account_of_his_bad_cold.Therefore,_he_went_to_seek_advice_from_a_doctor_straight_away.The_doctor_told_him_to_wipe_out_the_acute_epidemic_first.The_doctor_treated_him_carefully_and_finally_he_was_cured.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解HANGZHOU A human blood protein has been found to be associated with the H7N9 death rate, according to a study by Chinese medical scientists.The study, published in Nature Communications on May 13, showed that blood plasma levels of angiotensin are higher in H7N9 patients and could be used to predict their physical worsening.Angiotensin is a human protein contained in plasma, the vascular (血管的) wall, heart and kidney to regulate blood pressure. It is closely linked to serious lung injury. H7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotensin carry more viral load (病毒载量), said Li Lanjuan, researcher at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a specialist in H7N9 prevention. “It is particularly obvious in the second week of human infection. The angiotensin level of patients in critical condition keeps going up, while that of mild cases tends to drop，” Li said.Li added the new finding could help in clinical practice. Medical personnel could adopt more effective and reliable treatment measures for patients suffering different conditions. “This study will provide a new perspective to H7N9 pathology (病理) and potential treatment for future cases，” said Ed Gerstner, executive editor of Nature Communications.The study was led by researchers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. They collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in cities of Hangzhou, Shanghai and Nanjing and analyzed the connection between angiotensin and viral load.H7N9 was first reported in China in March 2013. The virus causes severe disease in humans, including acute and often fatal breathing failure.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章讲的是中国科学家发现了一种人体血浆蛋白与H7N9病死率有关。1What does the passage mainly talk about?AChinese scientists found a human blood protein associated with the H7N9 death rate.BChinese scientists have made a new medical discovery.CA new perspective to H7N9 pathology provided by a medical study.DA report of H7N9 death rate.解析：选A主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是中国科学家发现了一种人体血浆蛋白与H7N9病死率有关，故选A。2The underlined word “critical” in the third paragraph most likely means _.AunimportantBmistakenCurgent Dsuccessful解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“in critical condition keeps going up, while that of mild cases tends to drop”可知critical condition与mild cases进行对比，故critical与mild意思应该相反，表示“危急的”，故选C。3According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?AH7N9 patients with higher levels of angiotensin carry more viral load.BAngiotensin is a human protein to regulate blood pressure.CH7N9 virus may cause human breathing failure.DThe researchers collected plasma from 47 H7N9 patients in the city of Hangzhou and made the discovery.解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句话可知D项错误，故选D。4You can probably find this article in _.Aa booklet Ba newspaperCa guide book Dan advertisement解析：选B文章出处题。a booklet“小册子”； a newspaper“报纸”； a guide book“旅行指南”； an advertisement“广告”。根据文章内容可知本文是一则关于医学研究发现的新闻报道，应该在报纸上见到，故选B。.语法填空The “suspended