2018_2019学年高中英语Unit15LearningSectionⅢUnderstanding教案（含解析）北师大版.docx

Section Understanding.根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词1acquireto gain knowledge or learn a skill2religion the belief in the existence of a god or gods 3ignore to behave as if you had not heard or seen someone or something4urge to strongly suggest that someone do some thing5inspire to encourage someone by making them feel confident and eager to do something6assume to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof.按要求写出单词1think(名词)thought2worth(形容词)worthy3defend(名词)defence4willing(反义词)unwilling5convention(形容词)conventional6benefit(形容词)beneficial7adapt(名词)adaption8appreciate(名词)appreciation.补全短语1to start with首先2go against 反对3tend to 经常做，倾向于4(be) based on 基于，在的基础上5put forward 提出6in other words 换句话说7be accustomed to 习惯于8come to ones defence 为某人辩护9make assumptions about 对作出假设10approve of 赞成，同意11be vital to 对重要12be beneficial to 对有益1.people like Galileo Galilei (15641642), who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”， were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.像伽利略伽利雷(15641642)这样证明了诸如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚，而没有人来保护他们。句式分析“with no one coming .”为with复合结构作伴随状语。佳句赏析有向导引路，我们毫不费劲就找到了他的家。We had no trouble finding his house with the guide leading the way.2It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384322 BC)人们愿意相信这些古老的观点也不奇怪，因为这些观点是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(384322 BC)提出来的。句式分析it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语；as引导原因状语从句。佳句赏析这次考试他得第一名并不奇怪，因为他聪明又好学。It is not surprising that he took first place in this exam as he studies hard as well as clever.3These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world.这些人懂得，知识和理解是要为之奋斗的事情，有些人(甚至)可能认为，对个人或人类来说，它们比世界上所有的金钱更重要、更有益。句式分析本句为主从复合句，these men knew为主句，that引导宾语从句；some might say为插入语。Learning constantly is very important for our life, but which do you think is better, trying to keep everything in mind or to understand them? And why?I_think_understanding_is_better_for_learning._Because_everything_is_changing,_there_is_too_much_information_for_us_to_memorize,_and_when_you_understand_it,_it_can_be_better_memorized._And_also,_as_we_get_older,_our_memory_is_getting_worse_and_worse,_but_our_understanding_is_stronger,_so_understanding_it_is_available._But_of_course,_memory_is_also_important._Without_a_good_memory,_we_can_not_learn_well.FastreadingDo the true or false questions according to the text.1People are used to turning to the Internet for help when they have questions nowadays.(T)2Most people in Bacons time were interested in the search for knowledge as Bacon.(F)3People believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe until Galilei proved Aristotle wrong.(F)4Galilei proved that the Earth wasnt the centre of the universe, but he also made a mistake.(T)5We would get all the knowledge about the world since men never stop thinking and researching.(F).CarefulreadingRead the text carefully and then fill in the chart with the information in the text.UnderstandingHow did people think in Bacons Time？eople believed more in religion than in facts.Those who proved scientific ideas were often punished by the church and no one came to defend them. People were unwilling to challenge what they had always believed and tended to make assumptions about the world on the basis of others experience.How did people acquire knowledge nowadays？We are accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and expecting the Internet to spit out the answers.How do scientists acquire knowledge and understanding？To start with, they need questions.hen, they consider possible answers.After that, they test each to find the right ones.ConclusionsNo matter how great a scientist or a philosopher is, he can occasionally make mistakes.Our understanding of the world is constantly growing and changing and we need to step out of the conventional thought in order to explore the kingdom of knowledge.考点1acquire vt.获得；取得；学到；养成(习惯等) 教材原句It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding.我们怎样获得知识和理解现在看起来好像显而易见了。acquire knowledge/experience获得知识/经验acquire a good knowledge of 学会，精通acquire a habit of 养成的习惯acquire a taste for 开始喜欢(2015重庆高考写作)Meanwhile, they exchange ideas and feelings with each other, through which they probably acquire more knowledge.与此同时，他们彼此交流思想和感情，这样他们可能获得更多的知识。Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of rammar can you write correctly.只有当你掌握了完善的语法知识，你才能正确地写作He has acquired a taste for brandy at that time.他在那个时候养成了喝白兰地的嗜好。We should try to acquire a good habit of taking notes.我们应该努力养成做笔记的好习惯。完成句子我们应努力养成定期锻炼身体的好习惯。We should try to acquire_a_good_habit_of_taking_exercise regularly.他的品格使他得到好名声。His character acquired_him_a_good_reputation.在国外学习期间，这个年轻人开始喜欢上西方艺术。While studying abroad, the young man acquired_a_taste_for_Western_art.在英国期间他学会了英语。He acquired_a_knowledge_of_English when he was in England.考点2be accustomed to习惯于教材原句Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us .虽然今天我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词，然后等待互联网为我们显示答案(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)get/become/grow accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(表示动作)be/get/become used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.我花了一段时间才逐渐适应了所有新的规章制度。I didnt get used to the climate here a year ago, but now Ive been used to.一年前我还不习惯这里的气候，现在已经习惯了。He quickly got/became accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college.他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。1单句语法填空He gets accustomed to the noise, because he lives right in the center of the city.As we all know, English people are accustomed/used to driving (drive) on the left.He quickly accustomed himself (he) to this new way of life.Accustomed (accustom) to climbing the steep mountain, he had no difficulty reaching the top.2句型转换He was accustomed to the custom and didnt want to change it.Accustomed to the custom, he didnt want to change it.Accustoming himself to the custom, he didnt want to change it.考点3tend to经常做；倾向于；照顾，护理教材原句The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.教会和许多人经常忽视事实，不愿意去挑战他们一直舒舒服服所相信的一切。(1)tend to do sth.经常做某事；有做的倾向tend to/towards sth. 趋向，倾向于tend (to) sb. 照料，照看，护理某人(2)tendency n. 倾向，趋势have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事I tend to your opinion to a certain extent.一定程度上我倾向于赞成你的观点。She spends her spare time tending (to) her old mother.她的业余时间都花在照顾她年迈的母亲上。I have a tendency to talk too much when Im nervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。The nurse skillfully tended to the injured soldiers.护士熟练地照顾受伤的士兵。1单句语法填空There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to work at homes instead of in offices.He tends to_get (get) angry when others disagree with him.Personally, I tend to/towards the second camp of thought.He has a tendency to forget things.2句型转换We modern people tend to see the weather as mere physical phenomena.We modern people have a tendency to see the weather as mere physical phenomena.考点4approve of赞成，赞许教材原句At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison.起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他证实亚里士多德的观点是错误的时候，人们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。(1)approve vt.批准，通过vi. 赞成(2)approval n. 批准，认可，赞同give ones approval to 批准with/without approval of 经/未经的批准I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你去挣一些钱，可是不要耽误学习。If only the committee would approve the regulations and put them into effect.要是委员会能批准那些规章制度并使之生效就好了。He decided to go abroad for further study with the approval (approve) of his parents.经父母同意他决定出国深造。Its reported that the government has given approval to the project.据报道政府已经批准了那项工程。1单句语法填空She doesnt approve of my leaving school this year.I would appreciate it if my application could get your approval (approve)She went to the evening party without her parents approval.I wont approve of your leaving (leave) here.2一句多译她不同意女儿晚上出去。She_didnt_approve_of_her_daughter_going_out_at_night.(approve)She_didnt_gave_her_approval_to_her_daughter_going_out_at_night.(approval)考点5urge v力劝，催促；强烈要求I urge all of us to do something to help save endangered animals.我强烈要求我们大家采取措施拯救濒危动物。urge that . (should) do . 力劝某人应做urge sb. to do sth. urge sb. into doing sth. 力劝某人做某事urge sb. on to do sth. 驱策/鼓励某人做某事He urged me to go there, but I refused.He urged me into going (go) there, but I refused.他力劝我去那里，但我拒绝了。The teacher urged us on to struggle against difficulties.老师鼓励我们起来与困难作斗争。The public urged that the government (should) take measures to prevent such cases from happening again.公众强烈要求政府采取措施来防止此类案件的再次发生。语境串记An urgent bell rang, which urged us to get up quickly. We all knew a matter of urgency would happen.紧急的铃声响起，催促我们快起床。我们知道紧急情况就要发生了。1单句语法填空They urged that the Science Museum (should)_be_kept (keep) open during the vacation.With the final exam drawing near, our teacher urges us to_study (study) hard.I cant go out with you tonight because I have an urgent (urge) thing to attend to.The urgency (urge) of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science.The vacation is drawing near and I have an urge to_travel (travel)2一句多译家长们应该积极鼓励孩子们充分利用机会加入运动队。Parents should actively urge_their_children_to_take_advantage_of the opportunity to join sports teams.(urge sb. to do sth.)Parents should actively urge_their_children_into_taking_advantage_of the opportunity to join sports teams.(urge sb. into doing sth.)Parents should actively urge_that_their_children_(should)_take_advantage_of the opportunity to join sports teams.(urge that .)考点6inspire v鼓舞，鼓励教材原句But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times.但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了许多后继的科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会出错的。inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事inspire sb. with sth. inspire sth. in sb. 激发某人某物I hope this success will inspire you to make greater efforts.我希望这次成功能激励你更加努力。The good news inspired us with pride and courage.The good news inspired pride and courage in us.这一好消息激发了我们的自豪感和勇气。(2017北京高考改编)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。语境串记I was inspired with your inspiring remarks, which brought me a creative inspiration.你鼓舞人心的评论激励着我，给我带来了创作的灵感。1单句语法填空Our English teacher always inspires us to_give (give) our opinions actively in class.It was while he was visiting his uncle in a mountain village that he got the inspiration (inspire) for his new novel.The lecture was so inspiring that they were all inspired.(inspire)Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.2一句多译他的一番鼓舞人心的话激起了我的信心。His encouraging remarks inspired_confidence_in_me. His encouraging remarks inspired_me_with_confidence.考点7assume vt.假定，假设；认为教材原句Why did Aristotle assume that the sun moved around the Earth?为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转？(1)assumen./pron.to be认为是assume(that) . 认为It is assumed that . 被认为(2)assumption n. 假定，假设make an assumption 认为，假定on the assumption that . 假定，以的设想为依据(3)assuming (that) . 假定We must assume him to_be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty.尚未证实他有罪，我们就得假定他是清白的。On the assumption that everything is prepared, we can finish the task in 3 days.假定一切准备好了，我们可以在3天内完成任务。Assuming that you are right, what should we do next?假定你是对的，我们下一步该怎么做？名师指津在英语中，有些看上去是现在分词或过去分词的词，实际上却常用作介词或连词。与assuming类似的词还有：(1)considering prep.& conj.鉴于，考虑到(2)given prep.鉴于，考虑到(3)including prep.包括，包含(4)supposing conj.假设，假如(5)provided/providing conj.假如，如果(6)concerning prep.关于1单句语法填空It is generally assumed (assume) that hard work leads to great success.People make a lot of assumptions (assume) about her family background.Assuming (assume) that the advice is accepted, when are we going to get the money?2完成句子/句式升级假定你在第一轮比赛中打不赢他，你将怎么办呢？What will you do on_the_assumption_that you cant beat him in the first round of the match?一般认为，紧张是工作过多所致。It_is_generally_assumed_that stress is caused by too much work.很多人认为，贫穷只存在于第三世界。A lot of people make_an_assumption_that poverty only exists in the Third World.People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.It_is_assumed_that_what_they_do_has_little_effect_on_the_environment.(用it作形式主语改写句子)It_