中国传统节日春节.ppt

中国传统节日,Chinese traditional festivals,Spring Festival 春节,Spring Festival 时间：农历正月初一Time: the lunar calendar 英文：The Spring FestivalEnglish: The are Festival 释义paraphrase 春节是农历的一岁之首，俗称“大年”,也叫“大年初一”。The Spring Festival is the first lunar year, commonly known as “annual“, also called the “lunar New Year“.,起源 origin,春节的来历，在我国大约有四千多年的历史了。The origin of the Spring Festival in China, there are about 4,000 years old.它是我国民间最热闹、最隆重的一个传统节日。It is our country folk the most lively, a ceremonious traditional festival.古代的春节，是指农历二十四个节气中的“立春”时节，南北朝以后才将春节改在一年岁末，并泛指整个春季，这时大地回春，万象更新，人们便把它作为新的一年的开始。Ancient Spring Festival, it is to point to the lunar cycle of “four and twenty year“ season, the northern and southern dynasties before Spring Festival in a year end will change, and the whole spring, when the earth tuyuhun, de-aging fresh, people took it to be the beginning of the New Year.到了辛亥革命后的民国初年，改农历为公历阳历后，便将正月初一定为春节。Arrived after the revolution of 1911, the republic of the lunar calendar Gregorian calendar for change, then they will of the first month as the Spring Festival.直到1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议上才正式把正月初一的新年定为“春节”，因而至今仍有许多人将过春节叫过年。Until September 27 in 1949, the Chinese peoples political consultative conference will be officially put the first month of the New Year as “Spring Festival“, thus so far, there are still many people will celebrate the Spring Festival called for the New Year.,相关传说 Related legends,1、 年： 人们常把过春节说成“过年”，而“年”的最初含义与今天根本不同。In the Spring Festival, people often say into a “New Year“, and “nian“ original meaning and today radically different.据说，在远古的时候，世界上有一种最凶恶的野兽叫“年”。It is said that in ancient times, the world has a kind of the fiercest animals called “nian“.它生长得比骆驼还大。It is greater than the camels grow.跑起来比风还快，吼起来比雷还响。Run faster than the wind, shouted than ray still ring.它一出来，见人吃人，见畜伤畜，人们的生命安全受到严重威胁。It went forth, and saw a person cannibalism, see livestock injury cattle, the life of people threatens the safety.天神为了惩罚“年”，把它锁进深山，只许它一年出山一次。The devas to punish “year“, lock him into the mountains, only a year. The mountain once人们在长期的实践中，发现了“年”有“三怕”怕红颜色、怕响声、怕火光。People in long-term practice, discovered the “in“ to have a “3 be afraid“ - was afraid of the red color, afraid of noise, afraid of light.于是，有一年腊月三十晚，大伙在门口贴上红纸，不断地敲锣打鼓、放鞭炮，晚上屋子里彻夜点上灯。Then, one year December 30 late, everyone at the door labeled with red paper, constantly beating drums, set off firecrackers, evening room night light a candle.“年”晚上来了一看，家家灯光通明；“Nian“ night came a look, all the lights were blazing,一听，处处放炮声，吓得它不敢进村。Listen, everywhere put cannon-fire, frighten it dare not into the village.白天它又偷偷下山来，见还是户户门上红，遍地咚咚响，吓得它胆颤心惊，调头又跑回去了。Daytime it secretly mountain to see or household on the door, and the land drum the red ring, frighten it jittered, turn and run back to.从此后，“年”一直没敢出来，据说饿死在深山老林里了。Ever since then, “nian“ havent dare come out, is said to starve in the wilds.后来，人们才把防“年”、“驱年”，变成安安稳稳地过年了。Later, people to prevent “year“, “flooding year“, became steady Chinese New Year.“年”没有了，但是过年的习俗仍保持着。“Nian“ have no, but new customs still remain.鲜红的春联，辉煌的灯火，清脆的爆竹，响亮的锣鼓，年年如此。Bright red couplets, magnificent lights, crispy firecracker, loud drums, it happens every year.,还有一个传说： There is a legend:,相传，中国古时候有一种叫“年“的怪兽，头长触角，凶猛异常。According to legend, ancient Chinese have a kind of call “year“ monster head long feelers, fierce abnormalities.“年“长年深居海底，每到除夕才爬上岸，吞食牲畜伤害人命。“Year“ in the seabed, each elder deep to New Years eve just climbed out, swallowed cattle damage lives. 因此，每到除夕这天，村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼逃往深山，以躲避“年“兽的伤害。Therefore, every day, New Years eve CunCunZhaiZhai people FuLaoXieYou fled to the mountains, to avoid “in“ the beast of damage. 这年除夕，桃花村的人们正扶老携幼上山避难，从村外来了个乞讨的老人，只见他手拄拐杖，臂搭袋囊，银须飘逸，目若朗星。This NianChuXi, peach blossom village people are FuLaoXieYou up from the village outside the evacuation, seemingly begging old man, see his hand on crutch, arm take bag sac, YinXu elegant, eye if lang stars. 乡亲们有的封窗锁门，有的收拾行装，有的牵牛赶羊，到处人喊马嘶，一片匆忙恐慌景象。Hometowns some seals a window to lock the door, some packed up, some petunia driving sheep, everywhere people shout troops, a hurried panic scene.这时，谁还有心关照这位乞讨的老人。At this moment, who still heart care the begging the old man.只有村东头一位老婆婆给了老人些食物，并劝他快上山躲避“年“兽，那老人捋髯笑道：“婆婆若让我在家呆一夜，我一定把“年“兽撵走。老婆婆惊目细看，见他鹤发童颜、精神矍铄，气宇不凡。可她仍然继续劝说，乞讨老人笑而不语。婆婆无奈，只好撇下家，上山避难去了。 半夜时分，“年“兽闯进村。它发现村里气氛与往年不同：村东头老婆婆家，门贴大红纸，屋内烛火通明。,“Only village as an old woman gave the old man some food, and urged him quickly up the mountain from “year“ beast, the old man knew something fine beard say with smile: “mother-in-law if let me stay at home all night, and I must make the“ in “the beast out. The old woman surprised mesh scrutiny, and, behold, he HeFaTongYan, vigorous and vigorous uncommon. But she still continue to persuasion, begging the old man smiling without a word. Her mother-in-law had no alternative but to leave home, and went up into the mountain shelter. At midnight,“ year “beast into village. It found the village atmosphere is different from the village as the familys home, wife: DaGongZhi room door post candle lit.“年“兽浑身一抖，怪叫了一声。 “年“朝婆婆家怒视片刻，随即狂叫着扑过去。将近门口时，院内突然传来“砰砰啪啪“的炸响声，“年“浑身战栗，再不敢往前凑了。 原来，“年“最怕红色、火光和炸响。这时，婆婆的家门大开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“In “the beast was a shake, call loudly.“ year “stares toward her mother-in-law home for a moment, then the barking. Nearly swoop in the door, nosocomial suddenly spread“ banging spluttered “fry sound,“ year “shuddered, again dare not go up. Originally,“ year “most afraid of red, the light of fire, and exploding. Then, her mother-in-laws door open, see the old man in a red nosocomial in laughed,.“年“大惊失色，狼狈逃蹿了。 第二天是正月初一，避难回来的人们见村里安然无恙十分惊奇。这时，老婆婆才恍然大悟，赶忙向乡亲们述说了乞讨老人的许诺。 乡亲们一齐拥向老婆婆家，只见婆婆家门上贴着红纸，院里一堆未燃尽的竹子仍在“啪啪“炸响，屋内几根红腊烛还发着余光 欣喜若狂的乡亲们为庆贺吉祥的来临，纷纷换新衣戴新帽，到亲家道喜问好。这件事很快在周围村里传开了，人们都知道了驱赶“年“兽的办法。 从此每年除夕，家家贴红对联、燃放爆竹；户户烛火通明、守更待岁。初一一大早，还要走亲串友道喜问好。这风俗越传越广，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日。In “was surprised and distressed. The next day is fled leap up is the first month, seek refuge back people see the village safe amazement. At this moment, the old woman is suddenly enlighted, quickly to the villagers told begging the old mans promise. Folks toghter hug to wife the husbands family, see her mother-in-law house with a red paper, cinema a heap of not burn of bamboo is still in“ as “exploding, lit a candle also root red la send out. delight folks celebrating the advent of auspicious, are changing clothes wear new cap, to relatives and friends home. It regards daoxi village quickly spread around, people know driven“ year “beast way. From then on, every year New Years eve put up red couplets, firecrackers; household candle lit, ShouGeng for years. Kicks in early morning, still walk a friend congratulate. This customs more spreadses more and widely, became the most solemn Chinese folk traditional festival.,适用地区 Applicable areas,春节是汉族最重要的节日，但是满、蒙古，瑶、壮、白、高山、赫哲、哈尼、达斡尔、侗、黎等十几个少数民族也有过春节的习俗，只是过节的形式更有自己的民族特色，更加蕴味无穷。The Spring Festival is the most important festival in han nationality, but full, Mongolia, yao, zhuang, white, high mountains, the hezhen nationality, haney, daur, dong, li dozen minority also had the Spring Festival custom, just feast form more has its own national features, more aggregates flavour is boundless.,习俗 custom,守岁 放鞭炮 贴春联 拜年演变ShouSui set off firecrackers Spring Festival couplet paid evolution,起源：春节和新年的概念，最初的含意来自农业，古时人们把谷的生长周期称为“年”，说文。禾部：“年，谷熟也”。Genesis: Christmas and the new concept, the original meaning from agriculture, ancient people to the valley of the growth cycle called “year“, “said wen. Bluegrass department“ : “year, ripe also“. The valley|在夏商时代产生了夏历，以月亮圆缺的周期为月，一年划分为十二个月，每月以不见月亮的那天为朔，正月朔日的子时称为岁首，即一年的开始，也叫年，年的名称是从周朝开始的，至了西汉才正式固定下来，一直延续到今天。| in the dynasties of xia and shang produced XiaLi to the moon cycles for months and one year is divided into 12 months, monthly in sight on the day of the new moon, for the house of ShuoRi called at the beginning of a year, namely, also called in the name of the zhou dynasty, years from the start of the western han dynasty, to not formally fixed down, continue to today.但古时的正月初一被称为“元旦”，直到中国近代辛亥革命胜利后，南京临时政府为了顺应农时和便于统计，规定在民间使用夏历，在政府机关、厂矿、学校和团体中实行公历，以公历的元月一日为元旦，农历的正月初一称春节。But the first month of the ancients called “modern Chinese New Years day, until the 1911 revolution victory, nanjing interim government in order to conform to farming and facilitate the statistics, stipulate in folk use XiaLi, in government, mines, schools and organizations to carry out a Gregorian calendar for January 1 of the Gregorian calendar of the first month of the lunar New Years day, Spring Festival said.,元旦与春节的关系 New Years day and the Spring Festival relationship,1949年9月27日，新中国成立，在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议上，通过了使用世界上通用的公历纪元，把公历的元月一日定为元旦，俗称阳历年；On sep. 27, 1949, the founding of the Chinese peoples political consultative conference of the first plenary meeting, through the use of world universal Gregorian calendar era, the Gregorian calendar on January 1st as New Years day, commonly known as YangLiNian;农历正月初一通常都在立春前后，因而把农历正月初一定为“春节”，俗称阴历年。The lunar calendar year usually here before and turned on the lunar calendar) as “Spring Festival“, commonly known as celebrated on the fifteenth day.,传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。The traditional sense of the Spring Festival from December 8th refers to the wax offering or month, 23 of people, until the fifteenth, among them with New Years eve and the first day of the first climax.在春节这一传统节日期间，我国的汉族和大多数少数民族都会举行各种各样的庆祝活动，这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。During the Spring Festival this traditional festival, Chinas han and the most minorities can hold all kinds of celebration activities, these activities are offered hit, the worship of ancestors, the millennium bringers of good fortune, and make prayer to harvest as the main content.活动形式丰富多彩，带有浓郁的民族特色。Activities form rich and colorful, with strong ethnic characteristics.,有关诗句: Relevant verses:,春 节,田家元旦-孟浩然TianGu New Years day - meng haoran,昨夜斗回北 今朝岁起东Last night, fights back to north jinzhao years old up to east 我年已强仕 无禄尚忧农I been in strong shi is sorrow without eloth farmers 桑野就耕父 荷锄随牧童SangYe will plow father lotus hoe with cowboys 田家占气候 共说此年丰TianGuZhan climate altogether said the years abundant,元日（玉楼春）-毛滂YuanRi (jade LouChun) - MaoPang,一年滴尽莲花漏 碧井屠苏沈冻酒A year as lotus leakage Bess well