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jx0656-数控铣床回转工作台设计带cad和文档

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jx0656-数控铣床回转工作台设计（带cad和文档）,jx0656-数控铣床回转工作台设计带cad和文档

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DFU-07-417：大连水产学院毕业设计(论文)任务书2009届 职业技术学院 机械设计制造及其自动化专业题目： 数控铣床回转工作台设计 子题： 学生姓名： 孙旭 班 级： 机自07-1 指导教师(签章)： 职称（学位）： 讲师 所在教研室： 数控教研室 专业负责人(签章)： 下达日期：2009 年 3月1日 完成日期：2009 年 6月13日题目性质真实 题目类型设计 题目来源生产课题简介本课题的思想主要是通过对现有的数控铣床进行分析和计算，设计出数控铣床回转工作台，并根据设计要求将其改良，使之达到较理想的方案。结果表现形式为全部设计图纸及设计说明书。其中说明书及50%以上的图纸必须形成文档。具体任务、内容及要求（包括设计计算、实验分析、绘图质量各类图纸张数、外文翻译及撰写外文摘要等要求）设计条件和原始数据：题目：数控铣床回转工作台设计设计主要参数：1.回转半径：400mm2.重复定位精度：0.005mm3.电液脉冲马达功率：0.75kw4.电液脉冲马达转速：3000rpm5.总传动比：72.56.最大承载重量：100kg主要内容：1. 数控回转工作台的原理与应用2. 数控回转工作台的结构设计3. 数控技术发展趋势4. 绘制工作图和编制技术文件（设计说明书、回转工作台总装配图、工作台图、蜗轮轴图、定 心轴图等零件图。）要求：1 绘图量：折成A0号图纸4张其中50%以上的图纸形成文档。2 设计计算及说明书字数不少于10000字，并形成电子文档。3 完成3000字以上的外文参考文献翻译，完成1500字以上的文献综述撰写等工作。指导教师签名： 年 月 日DFU-07-417 () 2009 07-1 () () 2009 31 2009 613 顣鼰50% 1.400mm 2.0.005mm 3.0.75kw 4.3000rpm 5.72.5 6.100kg 1. 2. 3. 4. 顢 A0450% 10000 30001500 大连水产学院本科毕业论文（设计） 外文文献翻译 Axis CNC machine tools5-axis CNC machine is a high science and technology content, specially used for machining precision of the machine, the complex curved machine system of a countrys aviation, aerospace, military and scientific research, sophisticated equipment, medical equipment, high precision, an important industry and so on. Now, it is generally believed that, 5 axis CNC machine system is to solve impeller, leaf, Marine propeller, heavy turbine generator rotor, rotor, big diesel engine crankshaft etc. The only means of processing.The equipment manufacturing industry is one of the cornerstones of industrial, it is a new technology, new product development and modern industrial production to provide important means of strategic industries, is indispensable. Even the industrialized nations, and also is highly valued. In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinas national economy and the need of national defense, high-grade numerically-controlled machine tool proposed urgent needs. The machine is a symbol of national level of manufacturing. And represents the highest level of machine manufacturing is 5-axis CNC machine system, in a sense, reflect a nations industrial development situation. Long-term since, the us-led western industrialized countries, has five axis CNC machine system is an important strategic materials, the export license system. During the cold war, especially in China, the former Soviet socialist camp as the embargo. Friends may know the hobby militarys famous Toshiba events : at the end of last century, Japanese Toshiba company sell former Soviet several 5-axis CNC milling machine, the linkage to Soviet used in the manufacture of submarine, a few class propeller, make us spy ships hasnt submarine underwater sound, so the Toshiba company violates the strategic materials to punish embargo policy, Toshiba company.5 axis machine types are:Cradle, vertical and horizontal, NC workbench + NC dividing head, NC workbench + 90 B axis, NC workbench + 45 B axis, NC workbench + A shaft , two axis NC spindle etc.5 axis machining center are efficient, linkage, workpiece precision can be finished in one of five surface processing. If the configuration of 5-axis CNC system, also can grade of complex curved surface for precision machining, can be more appropriate as automobile parts, aircraft components modern mold processing. (this is introduced vertical five axis machining center) vertical five axis machining center this kind of machining center axis in two ways, one is workbench rotor. Set the table in bed, surrounded by turning the X axis can be defined as A shaft axis, A general work scope + 30 degrees - - 120 degrees. In the middle of the table with a rotary tables in the position, turn around the Z axis, defined as a C, C axle shaft is 360 degree turn. Such A shaft through A combination of shaft with C, fixed on the underside of the workpiece, besides the five surface can be processed by the vertical axis. A shaft and the minimum degree C axis value for 0.001 , and the workpiece can be subdivided into arbitrary Angle, processing, the QingXieMian tilt. A shaft and C shaft with three straight spools linkage of realizing the XYZ, can produce complex curved surface, of course it needs high-grade CNC system, and software support servo system. The advantages of this way of spindle is simpler, spindle rigidity structure is very good, the manufacturing cost is low. But generally workbench cannot design is too big, bearing is smaller, especially when A shaft rotary greater than or equal to 90 degrees, workpiece machining of workbench will bring A lot of the bearing capacity of the moment. Another kind is to rely on vertical axis rotation head. Spindle is A front turret, to surround the Z axis 360 degrees C, rotary shaft, there can be surrounded with the X axis rotation axis, generally can reach A 90 degree above, the realization of above the same function. This way is very flexible, workbench axis machining of design can also is very large, large airliner fuselage, launched in this kind of machine can be processed on machining center. This kind of design and big advantage: we use spherical surface milling machining tools, when perpendicular to the surface machining center, because of the milling cutter spherical linear vertex zero, cut out of the top surface of workpiece quality will be very bad, using the spindles gyration design, make a turn relatively workpiece axis, cutting and milling avoid vertex spherical linear must ensure that can improve the surface quality. This structure is mould processing precision curved surface, which is popular rotary worktable hard machining center. In order to achieve the high grade, turning to rotate the configuration is gratings feedback, dividing precision in a few seconds, of course this kind of spindle structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is high.Foreign 5-axis CNC machine tool is for polyhedron and surface parts processing and appear. With the development of new compound machine, CNC lathe, and soon the basis to produce the milling milling center. 5-axis CNC machine machining efficiency equivalent to two three axis machine, sometimes even completely save some large automatic production line, and greatly reduce the investment of space and working in different production unit of time and transportation between costs. The demand of the market in China 5-axis CNC machine tools, CIMT99 exhibition, homebred 5-axis CNC machine tools for the first time on the market. Since the jiangsu more edges numerically-controlled machine tool Co., LTD. Display the first five axis, since the linkage of Beijing institute of electrical machine tool plant, guilin, Beijing first machine Co., LTD, jinan 2 machine group limited company, enterprise and develop 5-axis CNC machine tools.Currently, homebred 5-axis CNC machine tools in species have vertical and horizontal, gantry and floor of machining center, adapt to different size of parts processing, plus five-axis milling and boring and milling machine joint milling center and the development, basic covers the domestic market demand. Precision machine tools, Beijing institute of high precision machining center, NingJiang machinery group Co., LTD. Of NJ25HMC40 horizontal machining center and the university of science &technology Co., LTD machine TH61160 horizontal boring and milling machining center has higher precision, and the developed countries can be comparable to the product. In product market sale, jiangsu more edges, jinan 2 machine, Beijing institute of electrical machine tools, guilin NingJiang, Beijing, a machine etc. Product has obtained the domestic market.five五轴联动数控机床 五轴联动数控机床是一种科技含量高、精密度高专门用于加工复杂曲的机床，这种机床系统对一个国家的航空、航天、军事、科研、精密器械、高精医疗设备等等行业，有着举足轻重的影响力。 现在，大家普遍认为，五轴联动数控机床系统是解决叶轮、叶片、船用螺旋桨、重型发电机转子、汽轮机转子、大型柴油机曲轴等等加工的唯一手段。装备制造业是一国工业之基石，它为新技术、新产品的开发和现代工业生产提供重要的手段，是不可或缺的战略性产业。即使是发达工业化国家，也无不高度重视。近年来，随着我国国民经济迅速发展和国防建设的需要，对高档的数控机床提出了急迫的大量需求。机床是一个国家制造业水平的象征。而代表机床制造业最高境界的是五轴联动数控机床系统，从某种意义上说，反映了一个国家的工业发展水平状况。长期以来，以美国为首的西方工业发达国家，一直把五轴联动数控机床系统作为重要的战略物资，实行出口许可证制度。特别是冷战时期，对中国、前苏联等社会主义阵营实行封锁禁运。爱好军事的朋友可能知道著名的“东芝事件”：上世纪末，日本东芝公司卖给前苏联几台五轴联动的数控铣床，结果让前苏联用于制造潜艇的推进螺旋桨，上了几个档次，使美国间谍船的声纳监听不到潜艇的声音了，所以美国以东芝公司违反了战略物资禁运政策，要惩处东芝公司。五轴机床的种类有：摇篮式、立式、卧式、NC工作台+NC分度头、NC工作台+90B轴、NC工作台+45B轴、NC工作台+ A轴、二轴NC 主轴等。五轴联动加工中心有高效率、高精度的特点，工件一次装夹就可完成五面体的加工。如配置上五轴联动的高档数控系统，还可以对复杂的空间曲面进行高精度加工，更能够适宜象汽车零部件、飞机结构件等现代模具的加工。（本期介绍立式五轴加工中心）立式五轴加工中心这类加工中心的回转轴有两种方式，一种是工作台回转轴。设置在床身上的工作台可以环绕X轴回转，定义为A轴，A轴一般工作范围+30度至-120度。工作台的中间还设有一个回转台，在图示的位置上环绕Z轴回转，定义为C轴，C轴都是360度回转。这样通过A轴与C轴的组合，固定在工作台上的工件除了底面之外，其余的五个面都可以由立式主轴进行加工。A轴和C轴最小分度值一般为0.001度，这样又可以把工件细分成任意角度，加工出倾斜面、倾斜孔等。A轴和C轴如与XYZ三直线轴实现联动，就可加工出复杂的空间曲面，当然这需要高档的数控系统、伺服系统以及软件的支持。这种设置方式的优点是主轴的结构比较简单，主轴刚性非常好，制造成本比较低。但一般工作台不能设计太大，承重也较小，特别是当A轴回转大于等于90度时，工件切削时会对工作台带来很大的承载力 矩。 另一种是依靠立式主轴头的回转。主轴前端是一个回转头，能自行环绕Z轴360度，成为C轴，回转头上还有带可环绕X轴旋转的A轴，一般可达90度以上，实现上述同样的功能。这种设置方式的优点是主轴加工非常灵活，工作台也可以设计的非常大，客机庞大的机身、巨大的发动机壳都可以在这类加工中心上加工。这种设计还有一大优点：我们在使用球面铣刀加工曲面时，当刀具中心线垂直于加工面时，由于球面铣刀的顶点线速度为零，顶点切出的工件表面质量会很差，采用主轴回转的设计，令主轴相对工件转过一个角度，使球面铣刀避开顶点切削，保证有一定的线速度，可提高表面加工质量。这种结构非常受模具高精度曲面加工的欢迎，这是工作台回转式加工中心难以做到的。为了达到回转的高精度，高档的回转轴还配置了圆光栅尺反馈，分度精度都在几秒以内，当然这类主轴的回转结构比较复杂，制造成本也较高。国外五轴联动数控机床是为适应多面体和曲面零件加工而出现的。随着机床复合化技术的新发展,在数控车床的基础上,又很快生产出了能进行铣削加工的车铣中心。五轴联动数控机床的加工效率相当于两台三轴机床,有时甚至可以完全省去某些大型自动化生产线的投资,大大节约了占地空间和工作在不同制造单元之间的周转运输时间及费用。市场的需求推动了我国五轴联动数控机床的发展, CIMT99 展览会上,国产五轴联动数控机床第一次登上机床市场的舞台。自江苏多棱数控机床股份有限公司展出第一台五轴联动龙门加工中心以来,北京机电研究院、北京第一机床厂、桂林机床股份有限公司、济南二机床集团有限公司等企业也相继开发出五轴联动数控机床。当前,国产五轴联动数控机床在品种上已经拥有立式、卧式、龙门式和落地式的加工中心,适应不同大小尺寸的杂零件加工,加上五轴联动铣床和大型镗铣床以及车铣中心等的开发,基本涵盖了国内市场的需求。精度上,北京机床研究所的高精度加工中心、宁江机械集团股份有限公司的NJ25HMC40 卧式加工中心和交大昆机科技股份有限公司的TH61160 卧式镗铣加工中心都具有较高的精度,可与发达国家的产品相媲美。在产品市场销售上,江苏多棱、济南二机床、北京机电研究院、宁江机床、桂林机床、北京一机床等企业的产品已获得国内市场的认同。- 5 - PAGE PAGE - 5 - Axis CNC machine tools 5-axis CNC machine is a high science and technology content, specially used for machining precision of the machine, the complex curved machine system of a countrys aviation, aerospace, military and scientific research, sophisticated equipment, medical equipment, high precision, an important industry and so on. Now, it is generally believed that, 5 axis CNC machine system is to solve impeller, leaf, Marine propeller, heavy turbine generator rotor, rotor, big diesel engine crankshaft etc. The only means of processing. The equipment manufacturing industry is one of the cornerstones of industrial, it is a new technology, new product development and modern industrial production to provide important means of strategic industries, is indispensable. Even the industrialized nations, and also is highly valued. In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinas national economy and the need of national defense, high-grade numerically-controlled machine tool proposed urgent needs. The machine is a symbol of national level of manufacturing. And represents the highest level of machine manufacturing is 5-axis CNC machine system, in a sense, reflect a nations industrial development situation. Long-term since, the us-led western industrialized countries, has five axis CNC machine system is an important strategic materials, the export license system. During the cold war, especially in China, the former Soviet socialist camp as the embargo. Friends may know the hobby militarys famous “Toshiba events“ : at the end of last century, Japanese Toshiba company sell former Soviet several 5-axis CNC milling machine, the linkage to Soviet used in the manufacture of submarine, a few class propeller, make us spy ships hasnt submarine underwater sound, so the Toshiba company violates the strategic materials to punish embargo policy, Toshiba company. 5 axis machine types are: Cradle, vertical and horizontal, NC workbench + NC dividing head, NC workbench + 90 B axis, NC workbench + 45 B axis, NC workbench + A shaft , two axis NC spindle etc. 5 axis machining center are efficient, linkage, workpiece precision can be finished in one of five surface processing. If the configuration of 5-axis CNC system, also can grade of complex curved surface for precision machining, can be more appropriate as automobile parts, aircraft components modern mold processing. (this is introduced vertical five axis machining center) vertical five axis machining center this kind of machining center axis in two ways, one is workbench rotor. Set the table in bed, surrounded by turning the X axis can be defined as A shaft axis, A general work scope + 30 degrees - - 120 degrees. In the middle of the table with a rotary tables in the position, turn around the Z axis, defined as a C, C axle shaft is 360 degree turn. Such A shaft through A combination of shaft with C, fixed on the underside of the workpiece, besides the five surface can be processed by the vertical axis. A shaft and the minimum degree C axis value for 0.001 , and the workpiece can be subdivided into arbitrary Angle, processing, the QingXieMian tilt. A shaft and C shaft with three straight spools linkage of realizing the XYZ, can produce complex curved surface, of course it needs high-grade CNC system, and software support servo system. The advantages of this way of spindle is simpler, spindle rigidity structure is very good, the manufacturing cost is low. But generally workbench cannot design is too big, bearing is smaller, especially when A shaft rotary greater than or equal to 90 degrees, workpiece machining of workbench will bring A lot of the bearing capacity of the moment. Another kind is to rely on vertical axis rotation head. Spindle is A front turret, to surround the Z axis 360 degrees C, rotary shaft, there can be surrounded with the X axis rotation axis, generally can reach A 90 degree above, the realization of above the same function. This way is very flexible, workbench axis machining of design can also is very large, large airliner fuselage, launched in this kind of machine can be processed on machining center. This kind of design and big advantage: we use spherical surface milling machining tools, when perpendicular to the surface machining center, because of the milling cutter spherical linear vertex zero, cut out of the top surface of workpiece quality will be very bad, using the spindles gyration design, make a turn relatively workpiece axis, cutting and milling avoid vertex spherical linear must ensure that can improve the surface quality. This structure is mould processing precision curved surface, which is popular rotary worktable hard machining center. In order to achieve the high grade, turning to rotate the configuration is gratings feedback, dividing precision in a few seconds, of course this kind of spindle structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is high. Foreign 5-axis CNC machine tool is for polyhedron and surface parts processing and appear. With the development of new compound machine, CNC lathe, and soon the basis to produce the milling milling center. 5-axis CNC machine machining efficiency equivalent to