人教版八年级上册unit2howoftendoyouexercise重难点总结

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?一. 常用短语Section A: how often 多久一次have lessons 上课go to the movies= go to a movie 去看电影at least 至少 every day 每天（作状语）everyday 日常的， 每日的 （作定语）stay up (late) 熬夜do housework= do chores 做家务be full of 充满.的may be 可能是.(在句中作谓语 )maybe 可能是 (在句中做状语)help with sth 帮着做某事 help sb (to) do sth= help sb with sth 在某方面帮助某人sometimes= at times 有时 Section Bjunk food 垃圾食品be good for. 对.有好处be good at 在.方面擅长be good with 善于应付. 很会和.打交道the answer to . .的答案Not. at all 根本不；一点也不more/less than 多/少于ask (sb) about sb/sth （向某人）询问有关某人/某事的情况go to the dentist 去看牙医make up ones mind (to do sth) 下定决心（做某事）no one 没有人（只指人）none 没有一个；毫无 常和of连用，对三个及三个以上的人或物表示否定。be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth/ doing sth 担心畏惧某事二. 重点句型1. 询问及回答做某事的频率2.询问及回答日常活动A: How often do you go to the movies?你多久去看一次电影？A：What do you usually do on weekends?你在周末通常做什么？B: I go to the movies maybe once a week.我大概一个月去看一次电影。B: I always exercise.我总是会锻炼身体。三. 重点1. hardly adv. 几乎不；几乎没有. 表示否定，位于行为动词之前，联系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。Eg: He hardly reads newspapers.他几乎不看报.(位于行为动词之后) They can hardly have a rest when they are busy. 他们忙起来的时候几乎不能休息。（位于情态动词之后）当hardly 用于反意疑问句，附加疑问句要用肯定形式。Eg：The waiter hardly has a day off, _D_? A. hasnt he B. doesnt he C. will he D. does he hard. adj /adv 硬的、坚固的、困难的/“费力地；用力地”Eg：He bought a hard wooden chair. 他买了一把硬木椅。 She has worked hard all her life. 她一生辛勤工作。2. ever adv. 在任何时候；从来；曾经。 用于否定句、疑问句或与if 连用的句子中时表示“在任何时候；从来”； 用于比较结构时表示“曾经；以往任何时候”， 用来加强语气。 Eg：Dont you ever get hard? 难道你不累吗？ If you are ever in Hong Kong, come and see me. 你要是什么时候到了香港，就来看看我吧。 It was raining harder than ever. 当时下着前所未有的大雨。3. least adv. 最小；最少 adj &pron 最小的；最少的（1）least adv， “最小；最少”，修饰动词，也可放在adj/adv的原级前构成形容词、副词的最高级。Eg：He always turns up just when you least expect him. 他总是在你最意料不到的时候出现。 He chose the least expensive hotel. 他挑了最便宜的一家旅馆。（2）least adj “最小的，最少的”， 常用于修饰名词； 还可作代词，表示“最小，最少”， 此时它常与定冠词the 连用。 Eg：He is the best teacher, although he has the least experience. 他虽然经验最少，却是最好的老师。 Its the least I can do to help. 这是我能帮忙做的最起码的事情。4. (1) how often 就频率提问 多久一次Eg：how often do you water the flowers? Once a day. （2）how soon 就“多快,多久”提问Eg：how soon will you come back? In three days.（3）how long 一段时间提问Eg：how long have you lived here? For two years.（4）how far 就距离提问Eg：how far can you throw the ball? Ten meters.（5）how many times 多少次Eg：How many times do you go to the library every week? About three times.5. How come? 为什么呢？用于口语，“为什么呢？”， 既可以独立使用，也可以接陈述句，询问事情的缘由或状况， 还可以用why 引导的句子互换。Eg：I feel uncomfortable. How come? 怎么会这样呢？ How come you didnt call me earlier?= Why didnt you call me earlier? 你为什么不早点打电话告诉我呢？6. sometimes 有时；不时，表示动作发生的不经常性，频度副词He sometimes has to work late.some times几次，time 是可数名词，意思是“次”名词短语I called you some times this morning.some time 作名词短语“一段时间”，作副词短语=sometimeI waited for her for some time. 我等她有一段时间了。I will come back home some time. 改天我会回家的。sometime 副词短语=some time 表示在过去或将来的某个时候。I will visit you sometime next time.7. 常用频度副次及其差异：always almost always usually often sometimes hardly ever seldom never 注：频度副次习惯上位于行为动词之前，助动词/连系动词或情态动词之后。但sometimes 也可以放在句首或句末，often 也可以放在句末。8. through, cross, across与over(1) cross 作动词 用“穿过 越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big building . 过这座桥你就会看到一栋大楼。cross作名词用是“十字架 十字形饰物”的意思。(2) across是介词 有“横跨、横穿、穿越”之意。The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿色长城横跨中国西北。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过 越过 横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left. 横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。(3) through是介词“在.之中，透过”的意思，常与go, walk等动词连用表示“穿越 横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。The two friends were walking through the forest. 这两个朋友正沿着森林走。The sunlight comes through the glass.阳光透过玻璃(4) over prep. （表示方向）越过;（部份或全部覆盖）在上面;由于;（表示论及）. adv. 结束; 再;（倒）下;从一边至另一边 over and over again. adj. 过去的;外面的;在上的;上级的Eg：He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙 So does this mean the crisis is over? 那么，这是不是意味着危机已经过去？9. such adj &pron 这样的，类似的，那样的Eg：He said he did not have time or made some such excuse. (作形容词) Accountants were boring. Such was her opinion before meeting Lisa! (作代词) such & so such+a/an+形容词+单数名词=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词。当形容词修饰复数名词的时候，只能用such .Eg: He is such a clever boy= He is so clever a boy such beautiful buildings such clear water 10. die、dead、death、dyingdie瞬间动词,也就是死的那一刻His father died last week.dead名词,死亡She cried out after knowing his husbands death.death形容词,死的, He found a dead bird in the garden.dying奄奄一息的,临死的,形容词;也可是die的现在分词The dying man was saved by a kind-hearted lady.四、难点1. She got up to get some sleeping pills but found there was _B_ left at home.A. nothing B. none C. something D. nobody nothing 没有什么，泛指物； none 没有一个；something 某物； nobody 没有人2. find that 从句 find+ 宾语+名词 We find it a beautiful city. find + 宾语+形容词 I find English so difficult. find + 宾语+ 现在分词 I found them playing basketball on the playground. 3. spend、pay、cost、take spendsb. spend(s) some time/money on sth sb. spend(s) some time/money (in) doing sthHe spent 50 dollars on these books.He spent 7 days in finishing the