新编计算机英语-电子教案1.ppt

Unit 1 My Computer,Section A Computer overview Introduction History 1.the analytical engine 2.early computers 3.electronic computers 4.integrated circuits III. Hardware IV. Programming V. Future developments,Professional terms Numerical a. numerical data Manipulate v. manipulating information Transaction n. banking transactions Automation n. techniques of automation Enhance v. enhances communication systems Conjecture n. new areas of conjecture Database n. database services Privacy n. business privacy,Introduction,Notes device that can 限定性定语从句，修饰device. 限定性定语从句修饰前面的名词，使其有别于其他同类名词。这类从句对清楚了解所修饰名词的特征是必不可少的。 Carry out sth = carry sth out : to do and complete a task Could not have done: 本不应该，本不可能 Come about: to happen Except for = except 若不是 Open up : to develop or start to happen or exist In itself : considered separately from other things, in its true nature. 本身,Introduction,用于限定性关系从句的关系代词 ( 没有 what) 主格 宾格 所有格 指代人 who whom/who whose that that 指代物 which which whose/of which that that 用于非限定性关系从句的关系代词 ( 没有 what) 主格 宾格 所有格 指代人 who whom/who whose 指代物 which which whose/of which,Introduction,Notes Make + 宾语 + available，make + 宾语 + possible Available : (of sth) that you can get buy or find When will the information be made available? Further information is available on request. This was the only room available. Every available doctor was called to the scene. (of a person) free to see or talk to people: Will you be available this afternoon?,Introduction,Professional terms Precursor n. a precursor of a digital computer Digit n. a digit from 0 to 9 Loom n. automatic loom Perforated a. perforated wooden boards Conceive v. conceive the idea Punched card Electrical contact Compile v. compile statistical information Census n. United States census,II. History,Notes Employ: (formal) use sth for a particular purpose each tooth representing 现在分词代替从句，同时该分词有自己的主语。 Improve on / upon sth: to achieve or produce sth that is of a better quality than sth else. 改进 改良 in prep.: for a particular period of time I havent seen him in years. Employing a system现在分词代替从句，主语与主句中的主语相同。,II. History,Professional terms Analytical a. the analytical engine Difference Engine the difference engine Input stream an input stream Analog a. analog computers Shaft n. rotating shafts Approximation n. numerical approximation Computing n. computing systems Torpedo n. torpedo course predictors Submarine n. in submarines Bombsight n. bombsight controllers,II. History 1.2.,Notes Work out: to plan or think of sth I have worked out a new way of doing it. Such as : for example The good students such as ZhengXin and SunMing are becoming rare. machines, such as the difference engine, that 中的that 修饰前面的machines, such as作为插入语 Consider: consider sb/sth (as ) sth This award is considered (to be) a great honor. He considers himself an expert on networking.,II. History 1.2.,Notes Fail to : not succeed, not to do / 反意 manage to I failed in my attempt to persuade her. She failed to get into art college. He failed to keep the appointment. Put sth. into practice she has determine to put her new ideas into practices By means of sth: (formal) with the help of sth: The load was lifted by means of a crane. By no means: not at all She is by no means an inexperience teacher.,II. History 1.2.,Professional terms Incorporate v. incorporated 1500 vacuum tubes Vacuum tube Crack v. Crack German radio messages Encipher v. enciphered in the Enigma code Prototype n. a prototype electronic machine Overshadow n. be overshadowed Integrator n. electronic numerical integrator Patent n. ENIAC is granted a patent. Overturn v. be overturned,II. History 3.,Professional terms Hungarian a. Hungarian-American mathematician Memory n. were stored within a memory Paper-tape reader Execution n. during execution Tranrsistor n. the transistor in computer Advent n. marked the advent Versatile a. versatile logical elements,II. History 3.,Notes In the largely successful attempt to : an act of trying do sth, especially sth difficult. Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs. Independently of sb/sth The two departments work independently of each other. Patent Apply for patent / obtain a patent on an invention The device was protected by patent. This device was granted a patent.,II. History 3.,Notes Based on sth: if one thing is based on another, it uses it or is developed from it. The report is based on figures from six cities. Free From ./ of sth : not containing or affected by sth harmful or unpleasant: Free from difficulty It was several weeks before he was completely free of pain. fat-free yoghurt / tax-free earnings / a trouble-free life / duty free 免税,II. History 3.,Professional terms integrated circuit IC 集成电路 Large-scale integrated circuit LSI 大规模集成电路 Very large-scale skeilintegrated circuit VLSI 超大规模集成电路 * s后发音：t-d, k-g, p-b, stable, scale, spring Logical element Fabricate v. be fabricated on Silicon n. silicon substrate 硅衬底 Substrate n. Microprocessor n. the microprocessor Microchip n. Etch v. be etched into Binary a. eight binary digits Bit n. bps 网络传输数据的最小单位 Byte n. Bps 文件存储的最小单位 (1 Byte = 8 bits) Datum n. Data pl.,II. History 4.,Professional terms Graphics n. a graphics symbol Decimal a. the decimal number Switch a. in its switches Chip n. memory-chip Instruction set Ongoing a. The ongoing development,II. History 4.,Notes Result in sth: to make sth happen The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths. Compare A to B: to show or state that sb/sth is similar to sb/sth else. The teacher compared his work to your work. of which 介词+which 的定语从句在科技英语中很常见,II. History 4.,Professional terms Conceptually ad. Conceptually similar Microcomputer n. a microcomputer Desktop n. a desktop laptop n. a laptop Briefcase n. in a briefcase Palmtop n. a palmtop Workstation n. a workstation Minicomputer n. a minicomputer Mainframe n. a mainframe Supercomputer n. a supercomputer Bus n. a bus,III. Hardware,Notes Regardless of prep. : paying no attention to sth/sb The club welcomes all new members regardless of age. They can be divided into several categories on the basis of cost and performance. It is a system composed of five distinct elements. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.,III. Hardware,Professional terms Dedicated a. dedicated computers Embed v. are embedded in circuitry n. in their circuitry,IV. Programming,Notes Once conj.: as soon as / when We didnt know how we would cope once the money had gone. As conj: in the way in which they did as