高一英语下学期期末试卷（带解析）和高考满分作文：感悟消逝（76）

高一英语下学期期末试卷（带解析）和高考满分作文：感悟消逝（76）2017-2018学年下学期高一年级期末考试卷英 语注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略)第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIts a white Christmas in the United States today, with snow falling from Seattle to Maine. NortheastBiting winds with snow swept the Northeast.Earlier, up to 15 inches of snow fell during a snow storm in Maine, while up to one foot fell in New Hampshire. Winds reached 76 mph on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, while up to 61 mph winds tore through Long Island, New York. Falling snow collected on the runways at Bostons Logan International Airport, causing temporary flight delays.The wind was so severe in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that the annual (重演) of George Washington and his soldierscrossing the Delaware River was canceled, the Washington Crossing Historic Park told ABC News. MidwestHeavy lake effect snow fell in western Michigan.The National Weather Service has issued a wind-chill warning and advisory (公告) from Montana to Michigan. Bitter cold air in the Midwest produced wind chills Monday morning as low as minus 48 degrees in North Dakota and minus 47 in northern Minnesota.As this bitter cold made its way east overnight, it was expected to move over relatively mild Great Lakes, producing intense lake-effect snow bands capable of producing 2 to 4 inches of snow in an hour. West CoastThat storm system moved overnight through the Rockies, bringing more snow and the threat of avalanches(雪崩). The National Weather Service has issued an avalanche warning for the Wasatch Range Mountains outside Salt Lake City.21. Why was the annual reenactment of George Washington and his soldiers crossing the Delaware River canceled?A. Because the river was frozen. B. Because the wind was too strong.C. Because the snow was too thick. D. Because the temperature was too low.22. Which of the following is the bad weather that has set in according to the passage?A. The avalanches. B. A white Christmas.C. A mess of peoples life. D. Heavy snow, biting wind and chills.23. What is the style of the passage?A. Weather report.B. News about the effect of bad weather.C. News about bad weather.D. A bad-weather warning and advisory.【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C【解析】本文是一篇关于极端天气的新闻报道。文章主要报道了美国圣诞节这一天的极端的天气情况。21. 细节理解题。根据文章第5段The wind was so severe in Pennsylvania and New Jersey that the annual reenactment (重演) of George Washington and his soldiers crossing the Delaware River was canceled, the Washington Crossing Historic Park told ABC News.可知，因为宾夕法尼亚和新泽西的风极强，所以取消。故选B。22. 细节理解题。根据文章可知，坏天气已经造成了Heavy snow, biting wind and chills（大雪，刺骨的寒风和寒冷），故选D。23. 推理判断题。文章主要报道了美国圣诞节这一天坏的天气情况，并非重点讲坏天气的影响。故选C。BFour days after Dads 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. Luckily, he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone. He refused to follow doctors orders, and his sour attitude made everyone upset when they visit him. Dad was left alone.So I asked Dad to come to live with me on my small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. He criticized everything I did. I became frustrated. Something had to be done.One day I read an article which said when given dogs, depressed patients would be better off. So I drove to the animal shelter that afternoon. As soon as I got there, a pointers eyes caught my attention. They watched me calmly.A staff member said: “He got here two weeks ago and weve heard nothing. His time is up tomorrow.”I turned to the man in horror. “You mean youre going to kill him?”“Maam,” he said gently. “We dont have room for every unclaimed dog.”The staff members calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “Ill take him,” I said.I drove home with the dog on the front seat beside me. I was helping it out of the car when Dad walked onto the front porch. “Look what I got you!” I said excitedly.Dad wrinkled his face. “I dont want it,” he muttered, turning back towards the house. Then, suddenly, the dog pulled free from my grasp. He sat down in front of my Dad.Dads anger melted, and soon he was hugging the dog.This was the beginning of a warm friendship. Dad named the dog Cheyenne. Together they spent long hours walking down dusty lanes and relaxing on the banks of streams.Dads bitterness faded, and he and Cheyenne went on to make many friends. Then, late one night two years later, I felt Cheyennes cold nose burrowing(搜寻) through my bed covers. He had never before come into my bedroom at night. I ran into my fathers room and found that he had passed away.Two days later, my shock and grief deepened when I discovered Cheyenne lying dead beside Dads bed. As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dads peace of mind.24. After the authors father survived the heart attack, he .A. no longer wanted to liveB. was left alone to get full restC. ignored everyone who visited himD. became unpleasant toward other people25. Why did the author take the pointer home?A. It was a type that is known for its friendliness.B. Its eyes made her think it was the best dog available.C. It caught her attention right away and she didnt want it to be killed.D. It was good at getting peoples attention and entertaining them.26. From the last two paragraphs we can conclude that .A. more attention should be given to old peopleB. dogs are so loyal that they usually die for their friendsC. the authors father and Cheyenne formed a real connectionD. friendship and care is much more efficient than the medicine27. Which section of a newspaper is the source of the passage?A. Health.B. Entertainment.C. Education.D. Friends.【答案】24. D 25. C 26. C 27. D【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，写了对生活失去希望的父亲，被我接到身边之后，在我带回一只流浪狗以后，这个狗陪伴父亲度过了余生，我很感激这只狗，陪伴了我的父亲。24. 细节理解题。根据第一段His enthusiasm for life was gone. He refused to follow doctors orders, and his sour attitude made everyone upset when they visit him. Dad was left alone.可知父亲变得对生活失去热情，不听从医生的命令，对人尖酸刻薄，所以他的态度并不友好。故选D。25. 考查细节理解。根据第三段 As soon as I got there, a pointers eyes caught my attention. 和The polices calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “Ill take him,” I said.可知它引起了我的注意，我不忍心它被杀害，所以我带走了这只狗。故选C。26. 考查推理判断。根据最后两段可知我的父亲去世了，这只狗也躺在父亲的身边去世了，可知父亲与狗形成了亲密的关系。故选C。27. 考查推理判断。根据文章总体可知，本文写了狗和父亲的友情，所以这会出现在朋友这个专栏上。故选D。CThere are many different voices on charity donations recently. Chen TianQiao, one of the Chinese billionaires, gave away $115 million to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to help promote brain research. Chen has been interested in the brain research, believing it can advance the industries of artificial intelligence and virtual reality. However, this huge donation has caused heated discussions among Chinese scholars and internet users.Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are catching up with the US in just a few years. RaoYi, a biologist at Peking University, even said the donation was a typical mistake.Others, however, support his choice. They believe Caltech is a more reasonable choice compared with Chinese research Institutes. Caltech has a long history and has taken a leading position in biology, and therefore it produces more efficient results. Whats more, the results of the research will benefit not only the Americans, but also the rest of the world.A similar controversial (有争议的) case started two years ago when Pan ShiYi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese Students.Many believe that China is still far behind in management and use of donated money, and that as a result, Chinese donators are looking abroad. In comparison, Western countries like the US, which have a long history of donating money, have well-developed systems that use money efficiently. They can also provide full access for donors who want to track the use of the money. To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection rather than envy.28. Why did Chens huge donations draw peoples attention?A. It was used for brain research rather than for the poor.B. It was not used efficiently.C. It was the largest donation.D. It should have been donated to a Chinese college.29. Which of the followings can best replace the underlined word “domestic” in the second paragraph?A. home. B. family.C. household. D. homepage.30. The example of Pan Shi Yi was used to _.A. inform some Chinese students are poor at educationB. show off the generosity of Chinese billionairesC. present the widespread disagreement over donating abroadD. prove the Chinese are crazy about donations31. What is the main advice does the author give to the Chinese universities?A. Developing artificial intelligence.B. Educating the braver and more honest graduates.C. Developing fast to catch up with the US.D. Developing systems to use the donations efficiently.【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D【解析】本文主要讲了中国有很多的富人把钱捐赠给国外大学，而不是国内的大学。作者针对这一问题建议中国的大学应该发展有效使用捐赠的体系。28. 推理判断题。由Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain research, which are developing fast and are catching up with the US in just a few years.可推知Chen的巨额捐款引起了人们的广泛关注是因为它本应该被捐给中国的大学，故选D。29. 词义猜测题。Many criticized him for giving money to a foreign university rather than domestic institutes for brain research这句话的意思是许多人批评他把钱捐给了国外，而不是国内的脑研究学院，所以“domestic”的意思是国内的，故选A。30. 推理判断题。由A similar controversial (有争议的) case started two years ago when Pan Shi Yi, chairman of SOHO China, donated $15 million to Harvard University to help disadvantaged Chinese Students.可推断出例举潘石屹的例子是为了说明捐钱给国外，人们对待此事看法的不同，故选C。31. 推理判断题。由To get more donations, Chinese universities should be braver and more honest. They need self-reflection rather than envy.可推知作者给中国大学的建议是发展有效使用捐赠的体系，故选D。DThe Australian beach town of Byron Bay has a traffic problem, especially during holidays, when local streets are full of cars. But now its changed. The worlds first fully solar-powered train runs on a restored(修复)train line that was out of use for more than a decade.The solar systems on the roof of the train send power to a set of batteries that replace one engine; the other engine is still in place and can provide backup power in an emergency. As the train brakes, it generates more electricity, like a hybrid car. At a train station, the train can be plugged in to pull more power from solar systems on the platform roof. If theres a long period without sun-somewhat unlikely in this part of the world-the train can also plug in to get renewable energy from the local electricity supply.“The large solar systems on the platform roof coupled with the solar systems on the train roof produce more solar energy per day than is required to operate an hourly return service,” says Holmes, development director of the nonprofit Byron Bay Railroad company, which runs the train. With one full charge, the train can make 12 to 15 trips.Volunteers fully restored the train to its old condition to attract more riders, which should take more cars off city streets of the beach town. The train fits 100 seated passengers, with room for more to stand, and also has a luggage room for bikes and surfboards. A ride costs a little more than $2.The nonprofits thinks its a model that could be replicated (复制)elsewhere. “Our service has had no government support or funding at all, but for this to be replicated or improved upon, the key is for government to work with enterprises on the program.” Holmes says. “Our service provides an example of how the suns energy can be used for sustainable transport solutions.”32. Why is the solar train brought into use in Byron Bay?A. To attract visitors. B. To reduce traffic.C. To fight pollution. D. To use solar energy.33. Where does the train get energy on sunless days?A. From its engines. B. From a hybrid car.C. From the platform roof. D. From the local electricity supply.34. How does Holmes feel about solar energy equipment?A. It is labor-saving. B. It is easily operated.C. It is time-consuming. D. It is power guaranteed.35. What can be inferred about the solar-powered train from the last paragraph?A. It may be popularized in the future.B. More scientific research should be done about it.C. It could be of little use in solving energy problems.D. Financial support from the government is badly needed.【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A【解析】本文介绍了世界上首辆全太阳能火车在澳大利亚海边小镇Byron Bay运行，并可以在其它地方得以推广。32. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段The Australian beach town of Byron Bay has a traffic problem, especially during holidays, when local streets are full of cars.可知，太阳能火车在Byron Bay小镇的使用改变了交通拥堵的问题。故选B。33. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段If theres a long period without sun-somewhat unlikely in this part of the world-the train can also plug in to get renewable energy from the local electricity supply.可知，在没有阳光期间，太阳能火车可以从当地的电力供应系统得到能源供应。故选D。34. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段The large solar systems on the platform roof coupled with the solar systems on the train roof produce more solar energy per day than is required to operate an hourly return service可知，火车站站台屋顶的太阳能系统和火车顶部的太阳能系统都可以为火车提供足量的电，从而推断出火车的电量可以得到保证。故选D。35. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段The nonprofits thinks its a model that could be replicated (复制)elsewhere.和Our service provides an example of how the suns energy can be used for sustainable transport solutions.可以推断出，太阳能火车可以在其它地方得到推广。故选A。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Make Friends_36_ Indeed, there are many things in life which we alone cannot perform.We need friends help. Friends are people who willingly and readily help us when we are in trouble, and show sympathy for us when we are in misery._37_ For example, when we have passed the graduation examination and are looking for a job, we need experienced and reliable friends to guide us and help us on our way. A good friend is also an adviser, because our own points of view towards things may not be always right. _38_Of course, we can make friends everywhere. However, I think the best place is school, where we are among a big number of boys and girls our own age, so it is easy to get to know one another in a short time. _39_In order to make friends, we ourselves must be honest, noble-minded and kind-hearted whereby to leave a favorable impression on others since other people observe us the same way as we do.At the same time, we should avoid bad friends, because they always do harm to us and moreover, they are dangerous to the people around. Worse still, they destroy our friendship with good friends. _40_A. Indeed, seeking acquaintance with bad friends would be a serious mistakeB. A faithful friend is hard to find.C. Therefore, it is necessary for us to seek advice from friends.D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.E. Besides, we can also make friends among the people who work with us in the community.F. A proverb says “One man is not good enough to live alone in the world.”G. The benefits of friendship are boundless and sometimes invisible.【答案】36. F 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A【解析】文章大意:本文讲述了生活中有许多事情不能单独完成，所以作者讲述如何交朋友。36. 细节理解题，根据:Indeed, there are many things in life which we alone cannot perform.可知，生活中有很多事我们没不能独自完成，故选F.37. 细节理解题，根据when we have passed the graduation examination and are looking for a job, we need experienced and reliable friends to guide us and help us on our way. 可知当我们毕业找工作时候，我们需要友谊和可信任的朋友引导我们帮助我们，故选G.38. 细节理解题，根据 A good friend is also an adviser, because our own points of view towards things may not be always right.可知一个好朋友也是一个建议者，我们的关于一些事情的观点不完全是对的，故选C.39. 细节理解题，根据Of course, we can make friends everywhere. However,可知我可以在不同的地方交朋友，不仅是在学校，故选E.40. 细节理解题，根据At the same time, we should avoid bad friends, because they always do harm to us and moreover, they are dangerous to the people around. Worse still, they destroy our friendship with good friends，可知我们应该避免交往坏朋友，会对自身产生坏影响，故选A.第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I will have a holiday next week and I cant decide what to do. I have a lot of work to do _41_ and this would be a good chance _42_ But I dont like _43_ the holiday in such a wayI can work at home all the rest of the yearLast year I went _44_ to the mountains. _45_ there was beautiful， but it is too cold this time of a year. And its really_46_ far to go for a short holiday. I decide _47_ this isnt a good time to_48_the mountainsBut I_49_to go somewhere elsePerhaps this would be a good chance to go to the beach（海滨）I like to go for walks_50_the seashore _51_the warm sunshine and watch the water Its only eight miles away and I could get there _52_about two hours After thinking it_53_，I am sure that this is a _54_time for the seashore than_55_ .Oh， here is a _56_ from Jim He _57_ he is going to his house in the mountains for the_58_，and he_59_ m