安徽省池州市2018_2019学年高一英语上学期期中教学质量检测试题（含解析）.docx

池州市贵池区2017-2018学年度第一学期期中教学质量检测高一英语试卷第二部分 阅读理解第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThirty years ago I worked in a company. My job was to sell the cars. I was young and strong and I had been to most parts of the world and I spent one fifth of my time in the trains or planes. I liked such a life and sometimes I called myself traveler.But one day I got into trouble. It was a cold morning. It blew heavily and the ground was covered with thick snow outside. I was still in bed though it was nine. I finished a long journey the day before and decided to have a good rest. Suddenly the telephone rang and my manager told me to fly to New York to take part in an important meeting. I had to get up and after a quick breakfast I hurried to the airport. The taxi went slowly and I missed the first flight. I had to take the next one. It meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting-room. But five hours later a passenger said the information showed there was a bomb (炸弹) in our plane and the policemen were looking for it. And another five hours passed and most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane. At the entrance each passenger and their baggage (行李) had to be examined. A young man who seemed a soldier shouted at the policemen at the entrance, If I had a gun in my baggage, I would shoot you two hours ago!1. The writer called himself “traveler” because he _ .A. sold cars for his companyB. liked trains and planesC. travelled to many parts of the worldD. liked travelling in foreign countries2. The taxi went slowly because _ .A. there was much snow on the roadB. it was very cold that morningC. the driver didnt know he would fly to New YorkD. the manager told him not to hurry3. He spent nearly _ hours in the waiting-room that day .A. five B. sevenC. eight D. ten4. The young man became angry because he _A. wouldnt be examinedB. had a gun in his baggageC. waited for a long time at the airportD. hated the policemen at the entrance【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的工作是卖车，他一直在世界各地奔波，所以他称自己为“旅行者”。接下来，作者在文中介绍了一次出差在机场的经历。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段I had been to most parts of the world and I spent one fifth of my time in the trains or planes.一句可知作者去过世界上大部分地区，并且五分之一的时间是在火车或飞机上度过的，所以他称自己为“旅行者”。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段It blew heavily and the ground was covered with thick snow outside.一句可知当时刮着大风并且地上的积雪很厚。因此可以得出出租车行驶缓慢的原因在于路上积雪太多，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段It meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting-room.和And another five hours passed and most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane.两句可知作者在候机室等待了至少十个小时。故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。文中提到most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane.登机前大部分乘客失去了耐心。因此可以推断出这个年轻人是由于候机时间太长而发怒的。故选C。BDepend on(依靠) yourself is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.There have been many men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few. They could not depend upon themselves for an education. They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well known.One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help make men of yourself.Some young men dont try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievement(成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.5. Which of the following titles fits this article best?A. What Nature Says to Every Man. B. How to Be Famous.C. Men Must Help Each Other. D. Depend on Yourself.6. Many of the great men succeeded because .A. they wanted to become well-knownB. they made great efforts to learn and workC. they received a good education.D. they had rich parents.7. If young people depend on their own efforts, _.A. they are sure to be very famous in the worldB. they can be successful in their livesC. they can live without their familiesD. they no longer need any help8. From this article we can learn the writer _.A. sings highly praise for parents and teachersB. is a man of strong characterC. thinks highly of those who are struggling or successD. feels it necessary to accept everyone s. advice【答案】5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。本文告诉我们应该依靠自己，他人只能帮助我们。文章从正面举例说明历史上的伟大人物是怎样依靠自己的力量获得最后成功的。最后一段从反面举例，谈到现在有些年轻人不努力使自己成为对人类有益的人，并给出自己的建议。【5题详解】主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了“依靠自己”是自然告诉每个人的。父母可以帮助你。老师可以帮助你。其他人也可以帮助你。但是所有这些人都只是帮你帮助你自己。所以最好的题目是依靠你自己。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well known.可知历史上的一些伟大人物靠自己的努力获得成功。因此可推知B选项正确。 故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段They can never gain achievement(成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course.年轻人现在要看到自己的弱点并做出改变，以及unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.接受父母和老师的意见并依靠自己的努力可得出B选项正确。故选B。【8题详解】推理判断题。通过阅读文章，可知作者高度评价那些努力成功的人，并且认为他们的成功是依靠自己的努力，也督促现在的年轻人做出自己的努力去获得成功。故选C。【点睛】概括文章主旨，选择文章最佳标题的方法：1.先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句。2.若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。小题1考查本文标题，文章告诉我们应该依靠自己，他人只能帮助我们。第一段就给出了文章的主旨。下文举出正反两方面的例子予以证明，故Depend on Yourself.适合作为文章标题。CIn the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they dont know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill（填充）.Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.Serving in restaurants is often large, too large for many people. If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself.Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.9. Which statement is true?A. American people like sitting with people they dont know.B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.C. American people never sit with people they dont know.D. American people wouldnt light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.10. What is served before you order?A. Bread. B. Butter.C. Coffee. D. Cold water.11. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?A. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” for their dogs.B. They leave the food on the table and go away.C. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” and enjoy the food later.D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.12. Sunday dinner is_.A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon mealC. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper【答案】9. D 10. D 11. C 12. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人在餐馆里的就餐的习惯，怎样点菜，怎样给小费，包括吃不了时可以带回家去自己享用。【9题详解】细节推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句“it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.”可知，没有询问同桌吃饭的人是否介意你抽烟就点烟是不礼貌的，所以D选项正确。注意：文章讲到的是在外吃饭时美国人喜欢和不认识的人坐在一桌儿，故A选项错误。故选D。【10题详解】细节信息题。根据文章第二段第一句“At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. ”可知在美国的餐厅和咖啡厅，你通常会在点餐前得到一杯白开水的服务。故选D。【11题详解】细节推理题。根据文章第四段中“ If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself.”（如果你没有吃完你的餐点，但又想稍后继续享用，可以让服务员拿一个“打包盒”。这个盒子上一般会有一个狗狗的图案印在上面，但是每个人都知道这里面的食物是你自己吃的。），故选C。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.可知“Sunday dinner”是一顿特别大型的中午饭。故选B。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解题目中较难的一个题型。考生要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。下面结合近几年高考试题，对词义猜测的技巧加以解读。1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。2.根据同位关系进行猜测阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。3.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。本题中的第四个小题既是根据上下文解释进行猜测。文中Some people have “Sunday dinner”. 一句后的This is an especially big noon meal.既是对“Sunday dinner”的解释说明，根据句意可得出“Sunday dinner” 一顿特别大型的中午饭。DThe World Health Organization has said it would set up international working team of various functions to offer countries advice on fighting against flu(流感).The health agency said in a report that it would render necessary report to the countries where animal or human flu cases(病例) were found and those who were making flu vaccine（疫苗) search or preparing to produce vaccines ,a poisonous substance(物质) containing a virus used to protect people against disease.The working teams would be formed to offer advice directly to the government of the nations according to their needs, concerns and capabilities(能力)，The groups would pay attention to the problems related to human vaccine production. They meant to increase vaccine production in an efficient and economic benefits(利益).The WHO also said that several countries practice of fighting bird flu were worthwhile but too expensive. It suggested that an international expert team be set up to carry out such exercises to make sure the fighting experiences can be shared among countries.13. The WHO was trying to .A. earn as much money as possible by offering advice to several countries.B. assist(帮助) several countries suffering from bird flu or making flu vaccine.C. send experts to cure the patients infected by did flu.D. offer advice on how to improve these countries health care.14. The underlined word render in the text probably meansA. force. B. press.C. pick. D. give.15. According to the passage, we can infer that .A. several countries were carrying out practical exercises of bird flu.B. the international working teams of various functions already came into being (形成).C. the working teams thought both increasing vaccine production and helping the countries could get profits efficiently.D. several countries are fighting flu seriously but lacking in cooperation with each other.【答案】13. B 14. D 15. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界健康组织将建立有不同功能的国际性工作团队。以向有需求的国家提供建议和帮助，支持其有效对抗流感。【13题详解】细节理解题。世界健康组织将建立有不同功能的国际性工作团队。以向有需求的国家提供建议和帮助，支持其有效对抗流感。文章第一段给出了答案。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。此处指向各国提供必要的报道，文章第三段The working teams would be formed to offer advice directly to the government of the nations according to their needs, concerns and capabilities(能力)，一句中的offer即为render的同义词。render给予，提供。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段The WHO also said that several countries practice of fighting bird flu were worthwhile but too expensive一句表明有些国家应对禽流感的措施很有效，make sure the fighting experiences can be shared among countries.一句表明应对禽流感的做法需要分享，可推断各国在应对禽流感方面缺乏合作，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项位多余选项。Do you know how to pick a good book youll really like？Here are some tipsStart with Your Interest. _16_You can pick something that you love to read，not for school. They can be ancient martial(武术)arts, computers, or fashion design.Whats Your Type？Do you prefer fiction or nonfiction (or both)？Fiction books，like novels，can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experienceNonfiction books give you the who，what，when，and why of something. _17_. Many of them read like novels from start to finishRead the description. The reviews and quotes on the back and inside covers of many books give you an idea of what the book is about. They can also help you pick future books, tooIf you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes and see which authors praised the book. _18_.Find a Family FavoriteWhich book did your mother love best when she was at your age? _19_. Find out and give them a read-then you can share your thoughts about the bookFinally，youll probably enjoy what youre reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book. _20_. You can put on some good music, get yourself some tea and let yourself be carried away by the book. Youll see that time does fly when youre reading something you love!AHow about your brothers and sisters？BThey tell stories using facts-but that doesnt mean theyre boringCReading is a good way to improve your EnglishDMost reading is best enjoyed when you can concentrate(全神贯注)on itEOften，theyll have similar styles and you might find books you like by those authors，tooFSo you should read as much as possible when you are freeGReading on your own isnt like reading for school【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. D【解析】本文介绍了如何选一本好书。【16题详解】G。由下文“You can pick something that you love to read, not for school.”可知，此处是说选自己感兴趣的书，而不是为了学习而读书。【17题详解】B。由上文“Nonfiction books give you the who, what, when, and why of something.”可知，此处是说它们通过事实叙述故事，但这并不意味着无聊。【18题详解】E。由上文“If you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes and see which authors praised the book.”可知，此处是说它们经常会有相似的风格，你也会通过这些作者找到你喜欢的书。【19题详解】A。由上文“Which book did your mother love best when she was at your age?”可知，此处是说参考一下你的妈妈和兄弟姐妹都喜欢什么书。【20题详解】D。由上文“Finally, youll probably enjoy what youre reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book.”可知，此处是说享受读书需要全神贯注。考点：考查说明文阅读第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。June is always an unhappy time for Senior 3 students. They have to leave school to_21_their dreams in different _22_after finishing their big exam. Its a difficult time when students _23_to say goodbye to carefree（无忧无虑的）high school life and close friendsPeople always say that teenage friendship is the most precious. Kids are too young to true friendship _24_most adults _25_ to ate it to fame and wealth.In fact, things are quite different with high school best friends. We share each others _26_. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to _27_our values. We support each other on the journey to the biggest _28_ in our life. We also _29_ success and failure. The seeds of deeply_30_. Many of us dont realize this_31_we enter society. One of my friends, Lily, _32_ how strong the bond(联系)with high school friends can be. She said, It was my high school friend who helped me _33_ the darkest days in my life. In 2015 Lily lost her job in Shanghai. Her best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girl squeezed(挤)into a narrow single bed, chatting and crying. “I will never forget her care and encouragement, _34_supported me out of the darkness,” said Lily.I _35_ remember my last days in Senior 3 when we _36_ so much personal information with each other, both of us hoping to keep the friendship _37_ forever. But we didnt realize we were already deep in each others _38_. During the past 10 years, whenever Ive needed help or wanted to pour out my _39_, she has always been there at the other end of a telephone line.It is true that friends come and go. But never forget the ones who have been there for you. Take a closer look at those now around you; they could be the most precious treasure you discover in your entire_40_.21. A. perform B. achieve C. create D. keep22. A. ways B. relations. C. stages D. directions23. A. begin B. decide. C. Have D. volunteer24. A. when B. so C. while D. that25. A. end B. plan C. manage D. attempt26. A. time B. wealth C. money D. secret27. A. measure B. weigh C. abandon D. shape28. A. question B. challenge C. problem D. failure29. A. share B. expect C. lake D. meet30. A. developed B. changed C. rooted D. pulled31. A. until B. but C. after D. unless32. A. heard B. experienced C. ignored D. thought33. A. go through B. look through C. get through D. break through34. A. that B. who C. as D. which35. A. still B. yet C. even D. already36. A. turned B. discussed C. exchanged D. held37. A. disappearing B. going C. running D. advancing38. A. brain B. heart C. head D. spirit39. A. disaster B. curiosity C. devotion D. unhappiness40. A. study B. period C. life D. work【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中讨论了在高中时期所结交的朋友的价值所在-他们将是你一生中最为珍贵的财富。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他们不得不离开学校去以不同的方式实现自己的梦想。A. perform表演，履行； B.