多功能骑行亲子母婴车结构设计【三维图PPT】
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三维图PPT
母婴车多功能
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多功能骑行亲子母婴车结构设计【三维图PPT】,三维图PPT,母婴车多功能
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外文文献 A stroller generally is capable of being folded forstorage. Strollers normally are used for children from infancyto 36 months of age.3.1.24 tray/grab bar locking position, nany position inwhich the tray or grab bar can lock including positionsintended by the manufacturer for non-occupant use.3.1.25 tray/grab bar stop position, nany position in whichthe tray or grab bar is forward of the occupant, is not in alocking position, and remains stationary when a 5 lb force isapplied to it for 10 s at any location and in any direction likelyto cause it to change position.3.1.25.1 DiscussionThe 5 lb force is designed to over-come any small frictional force which would otherwise beovercome during normal use.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete oor thatshall be covered with 18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl oor covering,unless test instructs differently.4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless other-wise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-turing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with anambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 hprior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within thistemperature range.4.5 All testing required by this specication shall be con-ducted on the same unit with the exception of 7.2, where a newunit can be used if the unit frame permanently deforms.5. General Requirements5.1 There shall be no hazardous points or edges as denedby 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and aftertesting to this consumer safety specication.5.2 There shall be no small parts as dened by 16 CFR 1501before testing or liberated as a result of testing to thisspecication.5.3 The paint and surface-coating on the product shallcomply to 16 CFR 1303.5.4 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smoothand free of splinters.5.5 Latching Mechanisms: 6.1 Parking Brake Requirements:6.1.1 A parking brake shall be provided on the unit. Eachparking brake shall remain engaged during the test as speciedin 7.6. Each parking brake shall prevent the braked wheel(s)from rotating more than 90 during the 5th test cycle speciedin 7.6.6.1.2 After completing the test described in 7.6, eachparking brake shall be able to be engaged and functional in allparking brake engagement positions.6.1.3 Each parking brake shall be constructed so that itcannot be disengaged by the child within the unit when thechild is secured in the unit in accordance with the instructionalliterature.6.2 Static Load:6.2.1 A carriage shall support a static load of 50 lbf (222 N)when placed in the approximate center of the area intended tosupport the infant occupant.6.2.2 A stroller shall support a static load of 100 lb (45.4 kg)or 2.5 times the manufacturers recommended maximum 6.4 Restraining SystemAll products covered by thisspecication, except carriages designed only for an infant,must have a child restraint system. The manufacturer shallattach the restraint system in such a manner that it will notbecome detached through normal usage. The restraint systemshall include both waist and crotch restraint. The crotchresistant shall be designed such that its use is mandatory whenthe restraint system is in use.6.4.1 CarriageNo restraining system is required if thecarriage is intended to be used for an infant only. Carriageswith accessory sit-up backs or other items indicating intent tobe used for children developed beyond infancy must have arestraining system (see 6.4.4).6.4.2 StrollerA restraining system shall be provided pre-assembled by the manufacturer to a component of the stroller.6.4.3 Convertible Carriage/StrollerA restraining systemshall be provided on each convertible carriage/stroller that willfunction as though the unit is specically a carriage (see 6.4.1)or stroller (see 6.4.2). 6.2.4 A combination unit of a car seat on a stroller shallsupport a static load of 50 lbf (222 N) when placed in theapproximate center of the area intended to support the occu-pant.6.2.5 Test methods shall be performed in accordance with7.3. At the conclusion of the test method, there shall be nounacceptable conditions as identied within this specication(see Note 2). In cases of multiple occupancy units, a speciedtest weight shall be applied simultaneously to each occupantposition.NOTE 2For the purpose of this specication, the unacceptable condi-tions that might be identied by the static load test methods shall be tipover, collapse of the product or a component of the product, sharp edgesor points, and small parts.6.3 StabilityThe product shall remain on the appropriatetest plane and not tip over when tested in accordance with 7.4.At the end of this test method, the unit shall remain in themanufacturers recommended-use position on the inclined testplane when tested in accordance to 7.4.1 and on a horizontaltest plane when tested in accordance with 7.4.2. In cases ofmultiple-occupancy units, the specied test weight shall beplaced in any occupant seat deemed to be the worst or the mostlikely to fail. Products that include as original equipmentmanufacturer-supplied accessories for carrying any type ofpackages must be tested with these accessories both empty andloaded to the maximum weight specied by the manufacturer,while each available seating position is occupied by thespecied test weight. 6.4 Restraining SystemAll products covered by this speci-cation, except carriages designed only for an infant, musthave a child restraint system. The manufacturer shall attach therestraint system in such a manner that it will not becomedetached through normal usage. The restraint system shallinclude both waist and crotch restraint. The crotch resistantshall be designed such that its use is mandatory when therestraint system is in use.6.4.1 CarriageNo restraining system is required if thecarr6.6.2 Convertible Car Seat/StrollerA restraint systemwhich is certied to restrain a child in a motor vehicle, shall beexempt from the requirements of 6.4.5 and 6.4.6.6.7 Impact Test:6.7.1 For combination unit of a car seat on a carriage,stroller, or convertible carriage/stroller:6.7.1.1 The unit shall not allow any attachment point(s)provided by the manufacturer for securing the car seat to theunit to release when tested in accordance with 7.11.1 7.11.5.After the test, the car seat shall remain in the manufacturersrecommended use position.6.7.2 For carriage, stroller, or convertible carriage/stroller:6.7.2.1 The fold locking/latching mechanism shall not dis-engage or break, or both, and breakage shall not occur to theframe of the unit when tested in accordance with 7.11.6.6.8 Passive Containment/Foot OpeningThe test shall beperformed on all strollers and convertible carriage/strollers,while in stroller mode, that have a tray(s) or grab bar(s) thatcreate a completely or partial bounded opening(s) in front ofthe occupant. An opening(s) shall either permit completepassage of the head probe (Fig. 10) or shall not permitcomplete passage of the torso probe (Fig. 11) when tested inaccordance with 7.12.6.9 Wheel and Swivel Assemblies Detachment:6.9.1 Wheel(s) and swivel(s) assemblies shall not detachfrom the unit upon completion of the test in accordance with7.13.1 and 7.13.2.6.9.2 A removable-wheel fork assembly(s) shall incorporatea secondary retention device and shall be so designed as toprevent unintended detachment of the wheel from the unitwhen tested in accordance with 7.14.FIG. 8 Thigh Depth, Seated6.5.1 Products with a reclined carriage position(s) musthave a nondetachable feature to enable them to conform to therequirement in 6.5 unless the product only can be adjusted toany reclined carriage position when a detachable device isattached.6.5.1.1 Nondetachable denotes that the occupant retentionassembly cannot be separated or removed from the productwithout da5.7.4 The frame folding action of a 2D fold stroller andconvertible carriage/stroller (carriages are exempted from thisrequirement) shall be designed and constructed so as to preventinjury from scissoring, shearing, or pinching. Scissoring,shearing, or pinching that may cause injury exists when theedges of the rigid parts admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameterprobe but do not admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter probewhen tested in accordance with 7.15. Units with a removableseat thatprevent the complete folding of the unit when stillattached are exempt from this requirement.NOTE 3The evaluation at any given location is performed with theunderstanding that the probes are allowed to enter the location from anyangle/direction.5.8 Exposed Coil SpringsAny exposed coil spring whichis accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generatinga space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater duringstatic load testing(see 6.2 and 7.3) shall be covered orotherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.FIG. 3 Opening Example.scissoring, shearing, or pinching. Scissoring, shearing, orpinching that may cause injury exists in a saddle hinge linkwhen the edges of the rigid parts admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm)diameter probe but do not admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)diameter probe when tested in accordance with 7.17.1.NOTE 2The evaluation at any given location is performed with theunderstanding that the probes are allowed to enter the location from anyangle/direction.5.7.3 Canopy pivots and canopy frame members shallcomply with 5.7.1 when tested in accordance with 7.17.2.Canopy stretcher/locking device(s) are exempt from this re-quirement (see Fig. 4). The interface between canopy rods andcanopy stops are exempt from this requirement if the canopyrod does not pass over or through the nal canopy stop.6.2.3 A convertible carriage/stroller shall support a staticload appropriate to the conguration in which the unit iserected. All congurations shall be tested.6.2.4 A combination unit of a car seat on a stroller shallsupport a static load of 50 lbf (222 N) when placed in theapproximate center of the area intended to support the occu-pant.6.2.5 Test methods shall be performed in accordance with7.3. At the conclusion of the test method, there shall be nounacceptable conditions as identied within this specication(see Note 5). In cases of multiple occupancy units, a speciedtest weight shall be applied simultaneously to each occupantposition. 5.12 ToyToy accessories attached to, removable from, orsold with unit, as well as their means of attachment, shall meetapplicable requirements of Consumer Safety SpecicationF963.5.13 Cord/Strap LengthCords and straps that originatewithin or extend into the occupant space shall not create a loopthat has an internal perimeter exceeding 14.8 in. (376 mm) norhave a free stretched length that exceeds a length of 7.4 in. (188mm) when evaluated with 7.16. Cords or straps that do notoriginate within the occupant space but that can extend into theoccupant space shall be evaluated in accordance with 7.16 onlyon the portion of the cord/strap that can extend into theoccupant space. Restraint systems used to secure an occupant,all straps used to attach hand held infant carriers, and straps onhand held infant carriers, stroller carry straps, and strollertether straps are exempt from this requirement.6. Performance RequirementsNOTE 4The forces that are to be applied to the sample in the testmethods described in Section 7 of this specication are applied readily bymeans of a calibrated force gage, or in the case of static load and dynamicload test methods, by dead weights.7.2.2 Secure the product so that the normal folding motionis not impeded.7.2.3 Apply a force of 67 lbf (298 N) at the locationnormally associated with the folding action and in the directionnormally associated with folding the product in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions. Gradually apply the forcewithin 5 s while maintaining the direction of force relative tothe oor and maintain for an additional 10 s. To apply the forceto the handle of a product with separate gripping handles, placea rigid bar horizontally across the handles and apply the forcecentered between the handles. Discontinue the application ofthe force if the condition outlined in 5.5.1.2 occurs.NOTE 6Do not apply this force on latching or unlatching means itself.7.2.4 Repeat 7.2.3 for a total of 5 times within 4 min.7.3 Static Load Test Method: NOTE 1Not to scale.FIG. 11 Torso Probe7.3.1 Place the product in the manufacturers recommendeduse position.7.3.2 Place the specied weight from 6.2 upon a 6 by 6-in.(150 by 150-mm) wood block 34 in. (19 mm) thick in the unitat the location called for in 6.2. If the unit has a hammock-typeseat, use a standard 6-in. weld cap as identied in Fig. 12instead of the specied wood block upon which to place thetest weight. Make allowances for the mass of the weld cap.Gradually apply the weight within 5 s and maintain for anadditional 60 s.7.3.3 Place a 50-lb (22.7-kg) weight or 1.25 times themanufacturers recommended maximum weight of an indi-vidual seating area, whichever is greater, upon the center ofany step or footrest and distribute it upon a 3 by 6-in. 7.7.1 Affix the unit securely so that it cannot move horizon-tally. If testing a stroller with a reclined carriage position,conduct the test with the back rest in all reclined positions7.7.2 Adjust the unit in accordance with the manufacturersdirections to close or block leg or other completely boundedexternal openings.7.7.3 Apply the probe shown in Fig. 9 with a force of 20 lbf(90 N) from within to all completely bounded external open-ings below the top edge of the occupant retention space in thedirection most likely to allow the test probe to pass completelythrough. Apply the force gradually over 5 s and maintain for anadditional 10 s.7.8 Permanency of Labels and Warnings:7.8.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam)shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove.child, use a 40-lb (18.1-kg) weight or manufacturers recom-mended maximum weight, whichever is greater, in each placeintended to be occupied by a child. Test in accordance with7.11.2 7.11.4, except repeat the test for a total of ve times.If the weight moves during the test, reposition weight tooriginal position before repeating.7.12 Passive Containment/Foot Opening Test Method:7.12.1 Testing Tray/Grab Bar Locking Positions:7.12.1.1 Attach the tray(s) or grab bar(s) in a lockingposition that creates a bounded opening(s) and position anyadjustable features (that is, calf supports, foot rests, etc.) thatmay affect the bounded opening(s) to create the minimumopening(s) size.7.12.1.2 Secure the front wheels of the unit in their normalstanding position so that the unit cannot move forward.7.12.1.3 Place the head probe (Fig. 10) adjacent to theopening(s) most likely to allow the head probe to pass through.With the harness restraint system unbuckled, place the buckleportion of the crotch belt beneath the head probe. Graduallyrotate the unit 90 with the front wheels as a stationary pivotwithin a period of 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s. Thehead probe shall remain in contact with seat during the test. Ifthe head probe passes completely through the bounded opening(a) without detaching the tray(s) or grab bar(s), or (b) bycompletely detaching the tray(s) or grab bar(s), then the strollermeets the criteria of 6.8. If the sample does not meet any of thecriteria listed in (a) or (b) above, then proceed to 7.12.1.4.7.12.1.4 If necessary, reattach/reposition tray(s) or grabbar(s) to the locking position evaluated in 7.12.1.3, thenperform the torso probe test per 7.12.1.5. Per the manufactur-ers instructions, position any adjustable features (that is, calfsupports, foot rests, etc.) that may affect the boundedopening(s), to create the maximum opening(s) size.7.12.1.5 Secure the unit in its normal standing position sothat it cannot move in the direction of the force being applied.head probe shall remain in contact with seat during the test. Ifthe head probe passes completely through the bounded opening(a) without detaching the tray(s) or grab bar(s), or (b) bycompletely detaching the tray(s) or grab bar(s), or (c) bymoving the tray(s) or grab bar(s) out of the tray/grab bar stopposition, then the stroller meets the criteria of 6.8. If the sampledoes not meet any of the criteria listed in (a), (b), or (c) above,then proceed to 7.12.2.5.7.12.2.5 If necessary, reattach/reposition the tray(s)or grabbar(s) to the stop position being evaluated in 7.12.2.4. Positionany adjustable features (that is, calf supports, foot rests, etc.)that may affect the bounded opening(s), to create the maximumopening(s) size.7.12.2.6 Secure the unit in its normal standing position sothat it cannot move in the direction of the force being applied.From the occupants area, insert the tapered end of the torsoprobe (Fig. 11) into the opening(s) between the tray(s) or grabbar(s) and the seat bottom of the unit in the most adverseorientation. With the harness restraint system unbuckled, placethe buckle portion of the crotch belt away from the torso probe.Gradually apply 25 lbf (111 N) perpendicular to the base of theprobe within a period of 5 s and maintain for an additional 10s. Apply this test to all openings that do not allow the passageof the head probe. If the torso probe does not pass through anyof the bounded openings, then the stroller meets the criteria of6.8.7.12.2.7 Repeat 7.12.2.1 7.12.2.6 for each tray/grab barstop position. FIG. 26 Hanging Weight 7.13 Wheel and Swivel Assemblies Detachment Testing:7.13.1 Wheel detachment from an axle testing:7.13.1.1 Wheels contained on both sides by a fork areexempt from this requirement.7.13.1.2 Test one rear and one front wheel for detachmentfrom an axle in accordance with 7.13.1.3 and 7.13.1.4 fornon-swivel wheel assemblies and with 7.13.1.3 and 7.13.1.5for swivel wheel assemblies.7.18.1 Attach the rear-facing car seat into the unit inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions.7.18.2 Apply a 5 lb (2.27 kg) static downward vertical loadover a 2 in. length in the center of the top edge of the boundedexternal wall or opening. (See Fig. 34.)7.18.3 Place opening template (Fig. 35) on the foot end ofthe car seat oriented as shown in Fig. 34. Level and slide thetemplate toward the bounded external wall or opening. Test anycompletely bounded external opening that is below the tem-plates 5 in. (127 mm) height and across the complete back.The 5 lb load described in 7.18.2 shall be removed prior totesting in accordance with 7.18.4 and 7.18.6. 7.18.4 Into each opening found in 7.18.3, insert the taperedend of the torso probe (Fig. 11) in the most adverse orientationin the rearward direction of the unit. Apply a pull force of 25lbf (90 N) to the tapered end of the probe in any direction awayfrom the foot end of the car seat. Apply the force graduallyover 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s.7.18.5 All openings that allowed the complete passage ofthe torso probe (Fig. 11) when tested according to 7.18.4 shallalso be tested according to 7.18.6.7.18.6 Gradually rotate the unit with the rear wheels as astationary pivot so that the opening being tested is parallel withthe oor. 大连海洋大学本科毕业论文（设计） 中文文献中文文献婴儿车一般都能折叠存放。婴儿车通常用于婴儿至36个月大的儿童。3.1.24 托盘/抓取杆锁定位置, n-托盘或抓取杆可以锁定的任何位置, 包括制造商指定的非乘员使用的位置。3.1.25 托盘/抓取杆停止位置, n-任何位置, 其中托盘或抓取酒吧是向前的乘员, 不在锁定位置, 并保持静止时, 5 磅的力施加它10秒在任何位置和任何方向可能会导致它改变存款离子。3.1.25.1 讨论-5 磅的力被设计成克服任何小的摩擦力, 否则在正常使用过程中可以克服。校准和标准化4.1 所有测试应在混凝土地板上进行, 混凝土地板应覆盖1/8 英寸 (3 毫米) 厚的乙烯基地板覆盖物, 除非测试指示不同。4.2 除非另有说明, 否则该装置应按照制造商的说明完全组装。4.3 在制造后48小时内不得进行测试。4.4 待测试的产品应在环境温度为 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) 的房间内, 在测试前至少1小时。然后, 测试应在此温度范围内进行。4.5 本规范所要求的所有测试均应在同一单元上进行, 但7.2 除外, 如果该装置的框架永久变形, 则可以使用新的单元。一般要求5.1 在对本消费者安全规范进行测试前后, 不得有 16 CFR 1500.48 和 16 CFR 1500.48 所定义的危险点或边缘。5.2 在测试或通过测试 thisspecification.5.3 产品上的油漆和表面涂层符合 16 CFR 1303 的情况下, 在测试或释放之前, 不得有 16 CFR 1501before 的小零件。5.4 在测试之前, 任何暴露的木材部件都必须光滑, 不需要 splinters.5.5 锁紧机制:6.1停车制动要求：6.1.1装置上应设置停车制动装置。在试验过程中，每一个停车制动装置应与7.6一样保持啮合。在第5个试验周期7.6中，每个驻车制动器应防止制动轮旋转超过90 6.1.2在完成测试描述的7.6，每个公园制动必须能够从事和功能在所有公园制动接合位置。6.1.3每个驻车制动器的构造应使儿童在按说明性温度固定在单元内时不会被单元内的儿童脱离。6.2静态载荷：6.2.1当车架放置在用来支撑婴儿乘客的区域的近似中心时，应支持50磅（222N）的静态载荷。6.2.2婴儿车必须支持100磅（45.4千克）的静态负载或2.5倍制造商推荐的最大6.4限制系统除专为婴儿设计的车厢外，本标志所涵盖的所有产品都必须有儿童约束系统。制造商应安装限制系统，使其不会成为脱离通过正常使用。约束系统包括腰部和裆的约束。在使用限制系统时，应设计出强制使用异色剂。6.4.1马车 没有限制制度是不需要的，如果车只打算用于一个婴儿。辅助坐椅或其他表明打算用于儿童在婴儿期后发展的物品必须有牵引系统（见6.4.4）。6.4.2婴儿车制造商应向婴儿车的一个部件提供预组装的限制系统。6.4.3可兑换客车/婴儿车每辆敞篷马车/婴儿车必须有一个限制系统，其作用就好像是专门为马车（见6.4.1）或婴儿车（见6.4.2）。6.2.4 婴儿车上汽车座椅的组合单元在放置在用于支撑安装的区域的大约中心时, 可以支持 50 lbf (222 N) 的静态载荷。6.2.5 试验方法应按照7.3 的规定进行。在测试方法结束时, 不得有本规范中确定的不可接受的条件 (见附注 2)。在多个占用单位的情况下, 应同时对每个乘员位置施加规定的试验重量。注意2For 本规范的目的, 静态载荷测试方法可能确定的不可接受的条件应为翻转、产品或产品组件的折叠、尖锐的边缘点和小部件。6.3 稳定性-产品应保持在适当的测试平面上, 在按照7.4 进行测试时不需要翻倒。在本试验方法结束时, 该装置在按照7.4.1 进行测试时, 应保持在制造商在倾斜试验平面上的重新使用位置, 在按照7.4.2 进行测试时, 应保持在水平试验平面上的重新使用位置。在多占位单位的情况下, 应将规定的试验重量放在任何被认为最差或最有可能失败的乘员座位上。产品, 包括原始设备制造商提供的配件, 用于携带任何类型的包件, 必须使用这些配件进行测试, 既空, 并加载到制造商指定的最大重量, 而每个可用的座位位置由指定的测试权重占用。 6.4 约束系统-本产品所涵盖的所有产品, 除专为婴儿设计的车厢外, 均配有儿童约束系统。制造商应附加该系统, 使其不会通过正常使用而被应用。约束系统应包括腰部和裤部约束。在设计裤孔电阻时, 应强制使用它, 当系统在使用中时。6.4.1 运输-不需要约束制度。6.6.2 敞篷车座椅/婴儿车-经认证约束机动车内儿童的约束系统, 应免除6.4.5 和6.4.6 的要求。6.7 冲击测试:6.7.1 用于车厢、婴儿车或敞篷车上汽车座椅的组合单元:6.7.1.1 本装置不得让制造商为确保汽车座椅的任何连接点在按照7.11.1 进行测试时释放-7.11.5.After 试验时, 汽车座椅应保持在制造商推荐的用途中位置。6.7.2 适用于马车、婴儿车或敞篷车:6.7.2.1 折叠锁紧装置不得脱离或断裂, 或两者兼而有之, 按照7.11.6 进行试验时, 机组框架不得发生断裂。6.8 被动容器/脚踏-测试应在所有婴儿车和敞篷车上进行, 而在婴儿车模式下, 有一个托盘或抓斗, 在乘员面前创建一个完全或部分有界的开口。开口应允许头部探头的完全感染 (图 10), 或在按照7.12 进行测试时不允许躯干探头的完全通过 (图 11)。6.9 车轮和旋转组件分离:6.9.1 车轮和旋转组件在测试完成时不得偏离该装置。7.13.1 和7.13.2。6.9.2 可移动的车轮叉总成应安装在二次固定装置上, 并应设计为按照7.14 进行测试时, 将车轮从装置中剥离。图8具有倾斜托架位置的大腿深度、座椅6.5.1 产品必须
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